The DOI matches its Crossref record; 37 of the 37 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Treated Wastewater Irrigation: Uptake of Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products by Common Vegetables under Field Conditions
Abstract
Global water shortage is placing an unprecedented pressure on water supplies. Treated wastewater is a valuable water resource, but its reuse for agricultural irrigation faces a roadblock: the public concern over the potential accumulation of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) into human diet. In the present study, we measured the levels of 19 commonly occurring pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) in 8 vegetables irrigated with treated wastewater under field conditions. Tertiary treated wastewater without or with a fortification of each PPCP at 250 ng/L, was used to irrigate crops until harvest. Plant samples at premature and mature stages were collected. Analysis of edible tissues showed a detection frequency of 64% and 91% in all vegetables from the treated wastewater and fortified water treatments, respectively. The edible samples from the two treatments contained the same PPCPs, including caffeine, meprobamate, primidone, DEET, carbamazepine, dilantin, naproxen, and triclosan. The total concentrations of PPCPs detected in edible tissues from the treated wastewater and fortified irrigation treatments were in the range of 0.01-3.87 and 0.15-7.3 ng/g (dry weight), respectively. Annual exposure of PPCPs from the consumption of mature vegetables irrigated with the fortified water was estimated to be only 3.69 μg per capita. Results from the present study showed that the accumulation of PPCPs in vegetables irrigated with treated wastewater was likely limited under field conditions.
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Cites
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Cited by
Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in the freshwater aquatic environment
Ebele, A. J., Abou-Elwafa Abdallah, M., & Harrad, S. (2017) · Emerging Contaminants · doi:10.1016/j.emcon.2016.12.004 · Cited by 2,023
Christou, A., Agüera, A., Bayona, J. M., Cytryn, E., Fotopoulos, V., Lambropoulou, D., Manaia, C. M., Michael, C., Revitt, M., Schröder, P., et al. (2017) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2017.07.004 · Cited by 590
Matamoros, V., Gutiérrez, R., Ferrer, I., García, J., & Bayona, J. M. (2015) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.02.002 · Cited by 466
Fate of antibiotics in soil and their uptake by edible crops
Pan, M., & Chu, L. M. (2017) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.214 · Cited by 423
Chiral pharmaceuticals: A review on their environmental occurrence and fate processes
Sanganyado, E., Lu, Z., Fu, Q., Schlenk, D., & Gan, J. (2017) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2017.08.003 · Cited by 292
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Wu, X., Conkle, J. L., Ernst, F., & Gan, J.
- Venue
- Environmental Science & Technology
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2014-09-25
- Volume
- 48
- Issue
- 19
- Pages
- 11286-11293
- ISSN
- 0013-936X (ISSN-L)
- 1520-5851
- OpenAlex
- W2314554557
- Cited by
- 293
- References
- 37
- FWCI
- 16.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Wu, X., Conkle, J. L., Ernst, F., & Gan, J. (2014). Treated Wastewater Irrigation: Uptake of Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products by Common Vegetables under Field Conditions. Environmental Science & Technology. https://doi.org/10.1021/es502868k
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