Contents of vitamins, mineral elements, and some phenolic compounds in cultivated mushrooms
Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the contents of mineral elements (Ca, K, Mg, Na, P, Cu, Fe, Mn, Cd, Pb, and Se), vitamins (B(1), B(2), B(12), C, D, folates, and niacin), and certain phenolic compounds (flavonoids, lignans, and phenolic acids) in the cultivated mushrooms Agaricus bisporus/white, Agaricus bisporus/brown, Lentinus edodes, and Pleurotus ostreatus. Selenium, toxic heavy metals (Cd, Pb), and other mineral elements were analyzed by ETAAS, ICP-MS, and ICP methods, respectively; vitamins were detected by microbiological methods (folates, niacin, and vitamin B(12)) or HPLC methods (other vitamins), and phenolic compounds were analyzed by HPLC (flavonoids) or GC--MS methods (lignans and phenolic acids). Cultivated mushrooms were found to be good sources of vitamin B(2), niacin, and folates, with contents varying in the ranges 1.8--5.1, 31--65, and 0.30--0.64 mg/100 g dry weight (dw), respectively. Compared with vegetables, mushrooms proved to be a good source of many mineral elements, e.g., the contents of K, P, Zn, and Cu varied in the ranges 26.7--47.3 g/kg, 8.7--13.9 g/kg, 47--92 mg/kg, and 5.2--35 mg/kg dw, respectively. A. bisporus/brown contained large amounts of Se (3.2 mg/kg dw) and the levels of Cd were quite high in L. edodes (1.2 mg/kg dw). No flavonoids or lignans were found in the mushrooms analyzed. In addition, the phenolic acid contents were very low.
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Fungi are capable of biosynthesis of vitamin C, but its content in wild and cultivated fungi is generally very low.
“Besides plants and animals, fungi are also capable of biosynthesis of vitamin C. However, its content in both wild and cultivated fungi is generally very low [14,15,16].”
From Vitamin C-Sources, Physiological Role, Kinetics, Deficiency, Use, Toxicity, and Determination (2021) · cites this paper as [16]
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- Authors
- Mattila, P., Könkö, K., Eurola, M., Pihlava, J.-M., Astola, J., Vahteristo, L., Hietaniemi, V., Kumpulainen, J., Valtonen, M., & Piironen, V.
- Affiliations
- University of Helsinki (FI)
- Corresponding author
- Mattila, Pirjo
- Venue
- Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2001-04-26
- Volume
- 49
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 2343-2348
- ISSN
- 0021-8561 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-5118
- OpenAlex
- W2001556470
- Cited by
- 781
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 45 · 2024: 48 · 2023: 45 · 2022: 54 · 2021: 47 · 2020: 46 · 2019: 42 · 2018: 39 · 2017: 44 · 2016: 31 · 2015: 52 · 2014: 40 · 2013: 31 · 2012: 25
- Type
- paratext
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Jukuri (Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke)) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Fungal Biology and Applications
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Food and Agricultural Sciences
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Analytical Chemistry › Heavy Metals in Plants
- Keywords
- cultivated mushrooms, Agaricus bisporus, shiitake mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus, vitamins, mineral elements, selenium, heavy metals, cadmium, lead, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, lignans, phenolic acids, riboflavin, nicotinic acid, folic acid, vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin D
- MeSH terms
- Agaricales, Agaricus, Minerals, Nutritive Value, Phenols, Vitamins, Pleurotus
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