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Cited by 734

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 27 of the 27 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Major Flavonoids in Grape Seeds and Skins: Antioxidant Capacity of Catechin, Epicatechin, and Gallic Acid

Yilmaz, Yusuf, Toledo, Romeo T.·2004·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
DOI 10.1021/jf030117h
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Abstract

Grape seeds and skins are good sources of phytochemicals such as gallic acid, catechin, and epicatechin and are suitable raw materials for the production of antioxidative dietary supplements. The differences in levels of the major monomeric flavanols and phenolic acids in seeds and skins from grapes of Vitis vinifera varieties Merlot and Chardonnay and in seeds from grapes of Vitis rotundifolia variety Muscadine were determined, and the antioxidant activities of these components were assessed. The contribution of the major monomeric flavonols and phenolic acid to the total antioxidant capacity of grape seeds and skins was also determined. Gallic acid, monomeric catechin, and epicatechin concentrations were 99, 12, and 96 mg/100 g of dry matter (dm) in Muscadine seeds, 15, 358, and 421 mg/100 g of dm in Chardonnay seeds, and 10, 127, and 115 mg/100 g of dm in Merlot seeds, respectively. Concentrations of these three compounds were lower in winery byproduct grape skins than in seeds. These three major phenolic constituents of grape seeds contributed <26% to the antioxidant capacity measured as ORAC on the basis of the corrected concentrations of gallic acid, catechin, and epicatechin in grape byproducts. Peroxyl radical scavenging activities of phenolics present in grape seeds or skins in decreasing order were resveratrol > catechin > epicatechin = gallocatechin > gallic acid = ellagic acid. The results indicated that dimeric, trimeric, oligomeric, or polymeric procyanidins account for most of the superior antioxidant capacity of grape seeds.

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Metadata

Authors
Yilmaz, Y., & Toledo, R. T.
Venue
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
Publisher
American Chemical Society (ACS)
Published
2003-12-31
Volume
52
Issue
2
Pages
255-260
ISSN
  • 0021-8561 (ISSN-L)
  • 1520-5118
DOI
10.1021/jf030117h
OpenAlex
W2091099722
Cited by
734
References
27
FWCI
8.10
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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