Effect of Diets Based on Foods from Conventional versus Organic Production on Intake and Excretion of Flavonoids and Markers of Antioxidative Defense in Humans
Abstract
Different food production methods may result in differences in the content of secondary metabolites such as polyphenolic compounds. The present study compared conventionally (CPD) and organically produced (OPD) diets in a human crossover intervention study (n = 16) with respect to the intake and excretion of five selected flavonoids and effect on markers of oxidative defense. The urinary excretion of quercetin and kaempferol was higher after 22 days of intake of the OPD when compared to the CPD (P < 0.05). The excretions of flavonoids in urine as a percentage of intake (0.6-4%) were similar after both interventions. Most markers of antioxidative defense did not differ between the diets, but intake of OPD resulted in an increased protein oxidation and a decreased total plasma antioxidant capacity compared to baseline (P < 0.05). Some varietal difference was seen in the study, and because selection of more resistant varieties is of central importance to organic farming, it cannot be excluded that the observed effects originate from these differences. The food production method affected the content of the major flavonoid, quercetin, in foods and also affected urinary flavonoids and markers of oxidation in humans.
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There are only two human dietary intervention studies in which contrasting antioxidant/(poly)phenolic intake levels were generated by conventional and organic diets; both were inconclusive regarding health impacts.
“There are, to our knowledge, only two human dietary intervention studies in which contrasting antioxidant/(poly)phenolic intake levels were generated by providing diets based on conventional and organic crops; both studies focused on assessing antioxidant status in humans and were inconclusive with respect to the identification of potential health impacts of organic food consumption( 21 , 42 , 43”
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Cites
The Two-Period Crossover Design in Medical Research
Woods, J. R., Williams, J. G., & Tavel, M. (1989) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-110-7-560 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
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Barański, M., Średnicka-Tober, D., Volakakis, N., Seal, C., Sanderson, R., Stewart, G. B., Benbrook, C., Biavati, B., Markellou, E., Giotis, C., et al. (2014) · British Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114514001366 · Cited by 684 · see citing works
“There are, to our knowledge, only two human dietary intervention studies in which contrasting antioxidant/(poly) phenolic intake levels were generated by providing diets based on conventional and organic crops; both studies focused on assessing antioxidant status in humans and were inconclusive with respect to the ide…”
Are Organic Foods Safer or Healthier Than Conventional Alternatives?: A Systematic Review
Smith-Spangler, C., Brandeau, M. L., Hunter, G. E., Bavinger, J. C., Pearson, M., Eschbach, P. J., Sundaram, V., Liu, H., Schirmer, P., Stave, C., et al. (2012) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-157-5-201209040-00007 · Cited by 602 · see citing works
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Nutrition-related health effects of organic foods: a systematic review
Dangour, A. D., Lock, K., Hayter, A., Aikenhead, A., Allen, E., & Uauy, R. (2010) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.2010.29269 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
Contribution of Organically Grown Crops to Human Health
Johansson, E., Hussain, A., Kuktaite, R., Andersson, S., & Olsson, M. (2014) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph110403870 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
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- Authors
- Grinder-Pedersen, L., Rasmussen, S. E., Bügel, S., Jørgensen, L. V., Dragsted, L. O., Gundersen, V., & Sandström, B.
- Affiliations
- Danish Veterinary and Food Administration (DK)
- Venue
- Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2003-08-07
- Volume
- 51
- Issue
- 19
- Pages
- 5671-5676
- ISSN
- 0021-8561 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-5118
- OpenAlex
- W2168251673
- Cited by
- 101
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 2.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Organic Food and Agriculture
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Keywords
- organic food, flavonoids, quercetin, kaempferol, urinary excretion, dietary intake, oxidative stress, protein oxidation, plasma antioxidant capacity, polyphenols, cultivar differences, organic farming
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Antioxidants, Diet, Double-Blind Method, Female, Flavonoids, Glutathione Peroxidase, Humans, Male, Oxidation-Reduction, Proteins, Quercetin, Biomarkers, Cross-Over Studies, Kaempferols, Food, Organic
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