Products and Mechanisms of Ozone Reactions with Oleic Acid for Aerosol Particles Having Core−Shell Morphologies

Abstract

Heterogeneous reactions of oleic acid aerosol particles with ozone are studied below 1% relative humidity. The particles have inert polystyrene latex cores (101-nm diameter) coated by oleic acid layers of 2 to 30 nm. The chemical content of the organic layer is monitored with increasing ozone exposure by using an aerosol mass spectrometer. The carbon-normalized percent yields of particle-phase reaction products are 20−35% 9-oxononanoic acid, 1−3% azelaic acid, 1−3% nonanoic acid, and 35−50% other organic molecules (designated as CHO T ). There is approximately 25% evaporation, presumably as 1-nonanal. To explain the formation of CHO T molecules and the low yields of azelaic and nonanoic acids, we suggest a chemical mechanism in which the Criegee biradical precursors to azelaic acid and nonanoic acid are scavenged by oleic acid to form CHO T molecules. These chemical reactions increase the carbon-normalized oxygen content ( z / x ) of the C x H y O z layer from 0.1 for unreacted oleic acid to 0.25 after high ozone exposure. Under the assumption that oxygen content is a predictor of hygroscopicity, our results suggest an increased cloud condensation nuclei activity of atmospherically aged organic particles that initially have alkene functionalities.