The DOI matches its Crossref record.
The GROMOS Biomolecular Simulation Program Package
Abstract
We present the newest version of the GROningen MOlecular Simulation program package, GROMOS96. GROMOS96 has been developed for the dynamic modelling of (bio)molecules using the methods of molecular dynamics, stochastic dynamics, and energy minimization as well as the path-integral formalism. An overview of its functionality is given, highlighting methodology not present in the last major release, GROMOS87. The organization of the code is outlined, and reliability, testing, and efficiency issues involved in the design of this large (73 000 lines of FORTRAN77 code) and complex package are discussed. Finally, we present two applications illustrating new functionality: local elevation simulation and molecular dynamics in four spatial dimensions.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
Molecular dynamics simulations of biomolecules
Karplus, M., & McCammon, J. A. (2002) · Nature Structural Biology · doi:10.1038/nsb0902-646 · Cited by 3,386
QM/MM Methods for Biomolecular Systems
Senn, H. M., & Thiel, W. (2009) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.200802019 · Cited by 2,684
SwissParam: A fast force field generation tool for small organic molecules
Zoete, V., Cuendet, M. A., Grosdidier, A., & Michielin, O. (2011) · Journal of Computational Chemistry · doi:10.1002/jcc.21816 · Cited by 2,370
Force Fields for Protein Simulations
Ponder, J. W., & Case, D. A. (2003) · Advances in Protein Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0065-3233(03)66002-x · Cited by 1,903
Zhou, H., & Zhou, Y. (2002) · Protein Science · doi:10.1110/ps.0217002 · Cited by 902
An improved GROMOS96 force field for aliphatic hydrocarbons in the condensed phase
Schuler, L. D., Daura, X., & van Gunsteren, W. F. (2001) · Journal of Computational Chemistry · doi:10.1002/jcc.1078 · Cited by 907
Self-citationCombining docking and molecular dynamic simulations in drug design
Alonso, H., Bliznyuk, A. A., & Gready, J. E. (2006) · Medicinal Research Reviews · doi:10.1002/med.20067 · Cited by 759
Theoretical Methods for the Description of the Solvent Effect in Biomolecular Systems
Orozco, M., & Luque, F. J. (2000) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr990052a · Cited by 622
Interfacial Water at Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Surfaces: Slip, Viscosity, and Diffusion
Sendner, C., Horinek, D., Bocquet, L., & Netz, R. R. (2009) · Langmuir · doi:10.1021/la901314b · Cited by 567
Friesner, R. A., & Guallar, V. (2005) · Annual Review of Physical Chemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev.physchem.55.091602.094410 · Cited by 522
How Water’s Properties Are Encoded in Its Molecular Structure and Energies
Brini, E., Fennell, C. J., Fernandez-Serra, M., Hribar-Lee, B., Lukšič, M., & Dill, K. A. (2017) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00259 · Cited by 518
Brunk, E., & Rothlisberger, U. (2015) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr500628b · Cited by 494
Validation of the 53A6 GROMOS force field
Oostenbrink, C., Soares, T. A., van der Vegt, N. F. A., & van Gunsteren, W. F. (2005) · European Biophysics Journal · doi:10.1007/s00249-004-0448-6 · Cited by 485
Self-citationQM/MM Methods for Biological Systems
Senn, H. M., & Thiel, W. (2006) · Topics in Current Chemistry · doi:10.1007/128_2006_084 · Cited by 428
Biological and synthetic membranes: What can be learned from a coarse-grained description?
MULLER, M., KATSOV, K., & SCHICK, M. (2006) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/j.physrep.2006.08.003 · Cited by 320
Architecture, implementation and parallelisation of the GROMOS software for biomolecular simulation
Schmid, N., Christ, C. D., Christen, M., Eichenberger, A. P., & van Gunsteren, W. F. (2012) · Computer Physics Communications · doi:10.1016/j.cpc.2011.12.014 · Cited by 318
Self-citationSoteras Gutiérrez, I., Lin, F.-Y., Vanommeslaeghe, K., Lemkul, J. A., Armacost, K. A., Brooks, C. L., & MacKerell, A. D. (2016) · Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.bmc.2016.06.034 · Cited by 283
Weber, W., Hünenberger, P. H., & McCammon, J. A. (2000) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry B · doi:10.1021/jp9937757 · Cited by 277
Self-citationMixed Atomistic and Coarse-Grained Molecular Dynamics: Simulation of a Membrane-Bound Ion Channel
Shi, Q., Izvekov, S., & Voth, G. A. (2006) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry B · doi:10.1021/jp062700h · Cited by 273
Henriksen, P., Wagner, S. A., Weinert, B. T., Sharma, S., Bačinskaja, G., Rehman, M., Juffer, A. H., Walther, T. C., Lisby, M., & Choudhary, C. (2012) · Molecular & Cellular Proteomics · doi:10.1074/mcp.m112.017251 · Cited by 246
Huggins, D. J., Biggin, P. C., Dämgen, M. A., Essex, J. W., Harris, S. A., Henchman, R. H., Khalid, S., Kuzmanic, A., Laughton, C. A., Michel, J., et al. (2019) · WIREs Computational Molecular Science · doi:10.1002/wcms.1393 · Cited by 169
Bai, Q., Liu, S., Tian, Y., Xu, T., Banegas‐Luna, A. J., Pérez‐Sánchez, H., Huang, J., Liu, H., & Yao, X. (2022) · WIREs Computational Molecular Science · doi:10.1002/wcms.1581 · Cited by 156
Soares, C. M., Teixeira, V. H., & Baptista, A. M. (2003) · Biophysical Journal · doi:10.1016/s0006-3495(03)74972-8 · Cited by 149
Quantum Computing for Molecular Biology**
Baiardi, A., Christandl, M., & Reiher, M. (2023) · ChemBioChem · doi:10.1002/cbic.202300120 · Cited by 93
Biomolecular simulation and modelling: status, progress and prospects
van der Kamp, M. W., Shaw, K. E., Woods, C. J., & Mulholland, A. J. (2008) · Journal of The Royal Society Interface · doi:10.1098/rsif.2008.0105.focus · Cited by 90
Grossman, M., Tworowski, D., Dym, O., Lee, M.-H., Levy, Y., Murphy, G., & Sagi, I. (2010) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi902141x · Cited by 68
Sousa, F. M., Lima, L. M. P., Arnarez, C., Pereira, M. M., & Melo, M. N. (2021) · Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling · doi:10.1021/acs.jcim.0c01077 · Cited by 30
Reimer, J., Steele-MacInnis, M., Wambach, J. M., & Vogel, F. (2015) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry B · doi:10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b03192 · Cited by 38
Sookhak Lari, K., Reinhardt, A., Warden, A. C., Rayner, J. L., & Davis, G. B. (2025) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.5c01748 · Cited by 11
Metadata
- Authors
- Scott, W. R. P., Hünenberger, P. H., Tironi, I. G., Mark, A. E., Billeter, S. R., Fennen, J., Torda, A. E., Huber, T., Krüger, P., & van Gunsteren, W. F.
- Venue
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry A
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 1999-04-24
- Volume
- 103
- Issue
- 19
- Pages
- 3596-3607
- ISSN
- 1089-5639 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-5215
- OpenAlex
- W2033906450
- Cited by
- 1,485
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 9.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.