Interactions between Molecularly Smooth Gold and Mica Surfaces across Aqueous Solutions
Abstract
Using a surface force balance, we measured the forces between an ultrasmooth (0.2 nm rms roughness) template-stripped gold surface and a molecularly smooth mica surface. Comparison of these forces in both low salt (conductivity water, equivalent to 10(-6)-10(-5) M 1:1 salt) and high salt (10 mM KClO4) regimes enabled us to examine the properties of water layers confined between a metal and a dielectric to films of a few nanometers or less in thickness. We find that the long-range forces between gold and mica are similar to those between two mica surfaces, indicating a net effective negative charge density on the gold similar to that on the mica. Differences were more pronounced at small separations, manifested by the larger jump-in distance in pure water and the weaker hydration repulsion in high salt between a gold and a mica surface compared with two mica surfaces. However, despite these short-ranged differences, replacing one mica surface with gold does not measurably alter the viscosity of nanoconfined water layers, either as free molecules or as bound hydration layers, relative to their confinement by two mica sheets.
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The pure water profile between mica and gold is very similar to the mica-mica profile, including jump-in to contact from a few nanometer separation, indicating that the gold surface is negatively charged with a charge density very similar to that of mica.
“The pure water profile between mica and gold is very similar to the mica-mica profile, including the jump-in to contact from a few nanometer separation (see also Fig. 1), indicating that the gold surface is negatively charged (likely by an excess of -OH -ions) with a charge density very similar to that of the mica.”
From Hydration lubrication (2013) · cites this paper as [73]
The profile at high salt shows hydration repulsion as hydrated K+ counterions are trapped between negatively charged gold and mica surfaces.
“The profile at high salt -blue symbols in Fig. 7 -shows clearly the hydration repulsion as hydrated K + counterions are trapped between the negatively charged gold and mica surfaces.”
From Hydration lubrication (2013) · cites this paper as [73]
Friction forces between mica sliding on gold in KClO4 solution in the hydration repulsion regime are extremely weak, within experimental scatter.
“As in Fig. 5, the friction forces are extremely weak, indeed within the experimental scatter, indicating lubrication by the hydrated trapped K + ions.”
From Hydration lubrication (2013) · cites this paper as [73]
The extremely weak friction forces indicate lubrication by the hydrated trapped K+ ions.
“As in Fig. 5, the friction forces are extremely weak, indeed within the experimental scatter, indicating lubrication by the hydrated trapped K + ions.”
From Hydration lubrication (2013) · cites this paper as [73]
Cites
Fluidity of Bound Hydration Layers
Raviv, U., & Klein, J. (2002) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1074481 · Cited by 721 · see citing works
Self-citationFluidity of water confined to subnanometre films
Raviv, U., Laurat, P., & Klein, J. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35092523 · Cited by 660 · see citing works
Self-citationDynamic properties of confined hydration layers
Perkin, S., Goldberg, R., Chai, L., Kampf, N., & Klein, J. (2009) · Faraday Discuss. · doi:10.1039/b805244a · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Self-citationBreakdown of hydration repulsion between charged surfaces in aqueous Cs+ solutions
Goldberg, R., Chai, L., Perkin, S., Kampf, N., & Klein, J. (2008) · Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics · doi:10.1039/b807459n · Cited by 39 · see citing works
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Klein, J. (2013) · Friction · doi:10.1007/s40544-013-0001-7 · Cited by 567 · see citing works
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- Authors
- Chai, L., & Klein, J.
- Affiliations
- Weizmann Institute of Science (IL)
- Corresponding author
- Klein, Jacob
- Venue
- Langmuir
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2009-07-22
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 19
- Pages
- 11533-11540
- ISSN
- 0743-7463 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-5827
- OpenAlex
- W2065499522
- Cited by
- 23
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 1.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Langmuir (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Minerva Foundation
- Israel Science Foundation
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Physical and Theoretical Chemistry › Electrostatics and Colloid Interactions
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biophysics › Chemical and Physical Studies
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- metal-dielectric interface, nanoconfinement, confined water, hydration shell, salt effects, surface charge density, hydration repulsion, interfacial forces, mica, surface force balance
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