Breakdown of hydration repulsion between charged surfaces in aqueous Cs+ solutions
Abstract
Using a surface force balance, we have measured the normal and shear forces between mica surfaces across aqueous caesium salt solutions (CsNO(3) and CsCl) up to 100 mM concentrations. In contrast to all other alkali metal ions at these concentrations, we find no evidence of hydration repulsion between the mica surfaces on close approach: the surfaces appear to be largely neutralized by condensation of the Cs ions onto the charged lattice sites, and are attracted on approach into adhesive contact. The contact separation at adhesion indicates that the condensed Cs ions protrude by 0.3 +/- 0.2 nm from each surface, an observation supported both by the relatively weak adhesion energies between the surfaces, and the relatively weak frictional yield stress when they are made to slide past each other. These observations show directly that the hydration shells about the Cs(+) ions are removed as the ions condense into the charged surface lattice. This effect is attributed to the low energies-resulting from their large ionic radius-required for dehydration of these ions.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Cs+ does not succeed as a lubricant at all.
“for this reason it does not succeed as a lubricant at all [129]”
From Hydration lubrication (2013) · cites this paper as [129]
Cites
Surface energy and the contact of elastic solids
Johnson, K. L., Kendall, K., & Roberts, A. D. (1971) · Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A Mathematical and Physical Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspa.1971.0141 · Cited by 8,110 · see citing works
Israelachvili, J. N., & Adams, G. E. (1978) · Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions 1: Physical Chemistry in Condensed Phases · doi:10.1039/f19787400975 · Cited by 1,812 · see citing works
Ion-water interaction potentials derived from free energy perturbation simulations
Åqvist, J. (1990) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/j100384a009 · Cited by 1,675 · see citing works
Hydration forces between phospholipid bilayers
Rand, R. P., & Parsegian, V. A. (1989) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Biomembranes · doi:10.1016/0304-4157(89)90010-5 · Cited by 1,125 · see citing works
Pashley, R. M. (1981) · Journal of Colloid and Interface Science · doi:10.1016/0021-9797(81)90348-9 · Cited by 958 · see citing works
How Ions Affect the Structure of Water
Hribar, B., Southall, N. T., Vlachy, V., & Dill, K. A. (2002) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja026014h · Cited by 860 · see citing works
Molecular layering of water at surfaces and origin of repulsive hydration forces
Israelachvili, J. N., & Pashley, R. M. (1983) · Nature · doi:10.1038/306249a0 · Cited by 732 · see citing works
Fluidity of Bound Hydration Layers
Raviv, U., & Klein, J. (2002) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1074481 · Cited by 721 · see citing works
Self-citationFluidity of water confined to subnanometre films
Raviv, U., Laurat, P., & Klein, J. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35092523 · Cited by 660 · see citing works
Self-citationFundamental mechanisms of interfacial friction. 1. Relation between adhesion and friction
Yoshizawa, H., Chen, Y. L., & Israelachvili, J. N. (1993) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/j100118a033 · Cited by 606 · see citing works
Hydration forces between mica surfaces in aqueous electrolyte solutions
Pashley, R. M. (1981) · Journal of Colloid and Interface Science · doi:10.1016/0021-9797(81)90171-5 · Cited by 595 · see citing works
Interactions of Silica Surfaces
Vigil, G., Xu, Z., Steinberg, S., & Israelachvili, J. N. (1994) · Journal of Colloid and Interface Science · doi:10.1006/jcis.1994.1242 · Cited by 582 · see citing works
Klein, J., & Kumacheva, E. (1998) · The Journal of Chemical Physics · doi:10.1063/1.476114 · Cited by 496 · see citing works
Self-citationRau, D. C., Lee, B., & Parsegian, V. A. (1984) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.81.9.2621 · Cited by 409 · see citing works
Measurement and modification of forces between lecithin bilayers
LeNeveu, D. M., & Rand, R. P. (1977) · Biophysical Journal · doi:10.1016/s0006-3495(77)85608-7 · Cited by 406 · see citing works
MODELING WATER, THE HYDROPHOBIC EFFECT, AND ION SOLVATION
Dill, K. A., Truskett, T. M., Vlachy, V., & Hribar-Lee, B. (2005) · Annual Review of Biophysics and Biomolecular Structure · doi:10.1146/annurev.biophys.34.040204.144517 · Cited by 401 · see citing works
Hydration forces between mica surfaces in electrolyte solutions
Pashley, R. M. (1982) · Advances in Colloid and Interface Science · doi:10.1016/0001-8686(82)85006-9 · Cited by 309 · see citing works
Inclusion of structural forces in the theory of stability of colloids and films
Churaev, N. V., & Derjaguin, B. V. (1985) · Journal of Colloid and Interface Science · doi:10.1016/0021-9797(85)90129-8 · Cited by 303 · see citing works
A new approach to the study of hydration of ions in aqueous solutions
Samoilov, O. Y. (1957) · Discussions of the Faraday Society · doi:10.1039/df9572400141 · Cited by 291 · see citing works
Eggers, D. K., & Valentine, J. S. (2001) · Journal of Molecular Biology · doi:10.1006/jmbi.2001.5166 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
Simulations of Clay Mineral Swelling and Hydration: Dependence upon Interlayer Ion Size and Charge
Young, D. A., & Smith, D. E. (2000) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry B · doi:10.1021/jp000146k · Cited by 230 · see citing works
Viani, B. E., Low, P. F., & Roth, C. B. (1983) · Journal of Colloid and Interface Science · doi:10.1016/0021-9797(83)90025-5 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Electrolyte Species Dependent Hydration Forces between Silica Surfaces
Chapel, J.-P. (1994) · Langmuir · doi:10.1021/la00023a053 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Schlegel, M. L., Nagy, K. L., Fenter, P., Cheng, L. K., Sturchio, N. C., & Jacobsen, S. D. (2006) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.gca.2006.04.011 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Silica Surfaces Lubrication by Hydrated Cations Adsorption from Electrolyte Solutions
Donose, B. C., Vakarelski, I. U., & Higashitani, K. (2005) · Langmuir · doi:10.1021/la047609o · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Microscale Distribution of Cesium Sorbed to Biotite and Muscovite
McKinley, J. P., Zachara, J. M., Heald, S. M., Dohnalkova, A. C., Newville, M. G., & Sutton, S. R. (2004) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es034569m · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Kankia, B. I. (2001) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/29.13.2795 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Adhesion and short-range forces between surfaces. Part II: Effects of surface lattice mismatch
McGuiggan, P. M., & Israelachvili, J. N. (1990) · Journal of materials research/Pratt's guide to venture capital sources · doi:10.1557/jmr.1990.2232 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Adhesion between Silica Particle and Mica Surfaces in Water and Electrolyte Solutions
Vakarelski, I. U., Ishimura, K., & Higashitani, K. (2000) · Journal of Colloid and Interface Science · doi:10.1006/jcis.2000.6884 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Coagulation of amphoteric latex colloids: reversibility and specific ion effects
Healy, T. W., Homola, A. M., James, R. O., & Hunter, R. J. (1978) · Faraday Discussions of the Chemical Society · doi:10.1039/dc9786500156 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Studies on the Mechanism of Ionic Exchange in Colloidal Aluminum Silicates
Jenny, H. (1932) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/j150338a011 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
An ESCA and AES study of ion-exchange on the basal plane of mica
Claesson, P. M., Herder, P. C., Stenius, P. J., Eriksson, J. C., & Pashley, R. M. (1986) · Journal of Colloid and Interface Science · doi:10.1016/0021-9797(86)90278-x · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Perkin, S., Chai, L., Kampf, N., Raviv, U., Briscoe, W. H., Dunlop, I. E., Titmuss, S., Seo, M., Kumacheva, E., & Klein, J. E. (2006) · Langmuir · doi:10.1021/la053097h · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Self-citationKinetics of oxidation of low-index surfaces of magnetite
Zhou, Y., Jin, X., Mukovskii, Y. M., & Shvets, I. V. (2003) · Journal of Physics Condensed Matter · doi:10.1088/0953-8984/16/1/001 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Israelachvili, J. N., Alcantar, N. A., Maeda, N., Mates, T. E., & Ruths, M. (2004) · Langmuir · doi:10.1021/la0352974 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Fluidity of water and of hydrated ions confined between solid surfaces to molecularly thin films
Klein, J. E., Raviv, U., Perkin, S., Kampf, N., Chai, L., & Giasson, S. (2004) · Journal of Physics Condensed Matter · doi:10.1088/0953-8984/16/45/008 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Self-citationRaviv, U., Laurat, P., & Klein, J. E. (2002) · The Journal of Chemical Physics · doi:10.1063/1.1447911 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Self-citationBuckin, V. A., Tran, H., Morozov, V. N., & Marky, L. A. (1996) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja960256y · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Simple Kinetic Theory of Ionic Exchange. I. Ions of Equal Valency
Jenny, H. (1936) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/j150373a010 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Surface interactions with adsorbed macromolecules
Klein, J. E. (1986) · Journal of Colloid and Interface Science · doi:10.1016/0021-9797(86)90037-8 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Self-citationSelective Adsorption of Poly(ethylene oxide) onto a Charged Surface Mediated by Alkali Metal Ions
Chai, L., Goldberg, R., Kampf, N., & Klein, J. E. (2007) · Langmuir · doi:10.1021/la702514j · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Self-citationFriction and Adhesion Hysteresis between Surfactant Monolayers in Water
Briscoe, W. H., & Klein, J. (2007) · The Journal of Adhesion · doi:10.1080/00218460701490363 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Self-citationRole of Ion Ligands in the Attachment of Poly(ethylene oxide) to a Charged Surface
Chai, L., & Klein, J. (2005) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja043963x · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Klein, J. (2013) · Friction · doi:10.1007/s40544-013-0001-7 · Cited by 567 · see citing works
Self-citationIonic liquids in confined geometries
Perkin, S. (2012) · Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics · doi:10.1039/c2cp23814d · Cited by 391 · see citing works
Self-citationHan, T., Zhang, S., & Zhang, C. (2022) · Friction · doi:10.1007/s40544-021-0586-1 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Hydration Lubrication: The Macromolecular Domain
Jahn, S., & Klein, J. E. (2015) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.5b00327 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Self-citationStern Layer Structure and Energetics at Mica–Water Interfaces
Bourg, I. C., Lee, S. S., Fenter, P., & Tournassat, C. (2017) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry C · doi:10.1021/acs.jpcc.7b01828 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Lee, S. S., Fenter, P., Nagy, K. L., & Sturchio, N. C. (2012) · Langmuir · doi:10.1021/la300032h · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Hydration lubrication: exploring a new paradigm
Gaisinskaya, A., Ma, L., Silbert, G., Sorkin, R., Tairy, O., Goldberg, R., Kampf, N., & Klein, J. (2012) · Faraday Discussions · doi:10.1039/c2fd00127f · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Self-citationHydration Force between Mica Surfaces in Aqueous KCl Electrolyte Solution
Leng, Y. (2012) · Langmuir · doi:10.1021/la204603y · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Baimpos, T., Shrestha, B. R., Raman, S., & Valtiner, M. (2014) · Langmuir · doi:10.1021/la500288w · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Dynamic properties of confined hydration layers
Perkin, S., Goldberg, R., Chai, L., Kampf, N., & Klein, J. (2009) · Faraday Discuss. · doi:10.1039/b805244a · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Self-citationControl of surface forces through hydrated boundary layers
Lin, W., & Klein, J. E. (2019) · Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science · doi:10.1016/j.cocis.2019.10.001 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Self-citationIon-Specific and pH-Dependent Hydration of Mica–Electrolyte Interfaces
van Lin, S. R., Grotz, K. K., Siretanu, I., Schwierz, N., & Mugele, F. (2019) · Langmuir · doi:10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00520 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Frictional Dissipation Pathways Mediated by Hydrated Alkali Metal Ions
Gaisinskaya-Kipnis, A., Ma, L., Kampf, N., & Klein, J. (2016) · Langmuir · doi:10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b00707 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Self-citationOsmotically-Driven Transport in Carbon Nanotube Porins
Kim, K., Geng, J., Tunuguntla, R. H., Comolli, L. R., Grigoropoulos, C. P., Ajo-Franklin, C. M., & Noy, A. (2014) · Nano Letters · doi:10.1021/nl5034446 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
How the particle interaction forces determine soil water infiltration: Specific ion effects
Ding, W., Liu, X., Hu, F., Zhu, H., Luo, Y., Li, S., & Li, H. (2018) · Journal of Hydrology · doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.11.017 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Macroscale Superlubricity of Hydrated Anions in the Boundary Lubrication Regime
Han, T., Zhao, M., Sun, C., Zhao, R., Xu, W., Zhang, S., Singh, S., Luo, J., & Zhang, C. (2023) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · doi:10.1021/acsami.3c09277 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Electrostatic-driven dehydration of ions in nanoporous membranes
Liu, K., Epsztein, R., Lin, S., Liu, L., Qu, J., & Sun, M. (2025) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.adv0174 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Ion specific hydration in nano-confined electrical double layers
Zachariah, Z., Espinosa-Marzal, R. M., & Heuberger, M. P. (2017) · Journal of Colloid and Interface Science · doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2017.07.039 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Probing the hydration friction of ionic interfaces at the atomic scale
Li, Z., Liu, Q., Zhang, D., Wang, Y., Zhang, Y., Li, Q., & Dong, M. (2022) · Nanoscale Horizons · doi:10.1039/d1nh00564b · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Galek, P., Frąckowiak, E., & Fic, K. (2019) · Electrochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2019.135572 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Hydration forces near charged interfaces in terms of effective ion potentials
Marčelja, S. (2011) · Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science · doi:10.1016/j.cocis.2011.04.001 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Interactions between Molecularly Smooth Gold and Mica Surfaces across Aqueous Solutions
Chai, L., & Klein, J. (2009) · Langmuir · doi:10.1021/la9014527 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Self-citationHydration forces at solid and fluid biointerfaces
Shrestha, B. R., & Banquy, X. (2016) · Biointerphases · doi:10.1116/1.4939679 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Cationic Hofmeister Series of Wettability Alteration in Mica?Water?Alkane Systems
Bera, B., Kumar, N., Duits, M. H. G., Stuart, M. A. C., & Mugele, F. G. (2018) · Langmuir · doi:10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03297 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Flow-resistance analysis of nano-confined fluids inspired from liquid nano-lubrication: A review
Huang, X., Wu, J., Zhu, Y., Zhang, Y., Feng, X. F., & Lü, X. (2017) · Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.cjche.2017.05.005 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Liu, D., Du, W., Liu, X., Tian, R., & Li, H. (2019) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry C · doi:10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b08133 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Wang, Y., Ran, L., Ma, L., Zhu, R., Wei, J., Liu, H., Xi, Y., Zhu, J., & He, H. (2022) · Applied Clay Science · doi:10.1016/j.clay.2022.106760 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Neumann, J., Lee, S. S., Zhao, E. J., & Fenter, P. (2023) · ChemPhysChem · doi:10.1002/cphc.202300545 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Adhesion, Friction, and Lubrication between Polymer-Bearing Surfaces
Raviv, U., & Klein, J. E. (2012) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-53349-4.00048-0 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citationIon and surfactant induced wetting transition
Bera, B. (2015) · doi:10.3990/1.9789036540490 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Solvation Forces and Non‐DLVO Forces in Water
Butt, P. H.-J., & Kappl, D. M. (2018) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9783527804351.ch10 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Chen, Z.-H., Sun, H.-Y., Chen, Z., Ren, Y., Zhang, X.-Y., Feng, M., & Huang, X. (2026) · Science China Chemistry · doi:10.1007/s11426-025-3296-2 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Entropic-dielectric interplay governs ion adsorption in inner electric double layers
Olgiati, M., Altmann, F., Zelenka, M., Dziadkowiec, J., Kretschmer, A., Celebi, A. T., Mears, L. L. E., Backus, E. H. G., & Valtiner, M. (2026) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.aee9469 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Diverging Effects of NaCl and CsCl on the Mechanical Properties of Nanoconfined Water
Khan, S. H., & Hoffmann, P. M. (2018) · Journal of The Electrochemical Society · doi:10.1149/2.0391803jes · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Solvation Forces and Non‐DLVO Forces in Water
Butt, H., & Kappl, M. (2010) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9783527629411.ch10 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Surface charge characterisation of solid-liquid interfaces using atomic force microscopy
Kumar, N. (2017) · doi:10.3990/1.9789036542968 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
This paper is published as part of Faraday Discussions volume 141
Lecture, S. M., Jungwirth, P., Tobias, D. J., & Sengupta, N. (2009)
(2018) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9783527804351.refs
- Authors
- Goldberg, R., Chai, L., Perkin, S., Kampf, N., & Klein, J.
- Affiliations
- Weizmann Institute of Science (IL)
- University of Oxford (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Klein, Jacob
- Venue
- Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics
- Publisher
- Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
- Published
- 2008
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 32
- Pages
- 4939
- ISSN
- 1463-9076 (ISSN-L)
- 1463-9084
- OpenAlex
- W2153574144
- Cited by
- 39
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 1.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Minerva Foundation
- Israel Science Foundation
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Physical and Theoretical Chemistry › Electrostatics and Colloid Interactions
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biophysics › Chemical and Physical Studies
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemical Studies
- Keywords
- hydration repulsion, charged surfaces, cesium ions, mica surface, ion condensation, surface adhesion, friction, alkali metal ions, surface force balance, ionic radius, aqueous electrolyte solutions
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
