The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Measuring the Elastic Properties of Thin Polymer Films with the Atomic Force Microscope
Abstract
The elastic properties of thin gelatin films were investigated with the atomic force microscope (AFM). The degree of swelling and thus the softness of the gelatin can be tuned by immersing it in mixtures of propanol and water. Therefore, we have chosen gelatin films as a model system to characterize the measurement of elasticity of thin and soft samples. The major aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the film thickness on the apparent elastic (Young's) modulus. Thus, we prepared wedge-shaped samples with a well-defined thickness of up to 1 μm. The Young's modulus of our samples was between 1 MPa and 20 kPa depending on the degree of swelling. The elasticity was calculated by analyzing the recorded force curves with the help of the Hertz model. We show that the calculated Young's modulus is dependent on the local film thickness and the applied loading force of the AFM tip. Thus, the influence of the hard substrate on the calculated softness of the film can be characterized as a function of indentation. It was possible to determine the elastic properties of gelatin films with a thickness down to 50 nm and a Young's modulus of ∼20 kPa.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
Myotubes differentiate optimally on substrates with tissue-like stiffness
Engler, A. J., Griffin, M. A., Sen, S., Bönnemann, C. G., Sweeney, H. L., & Discher, D. E. (2004) · The Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.200405004 · Cited by 1,743
Determination of Elastic Moduli of Thin Layers of Soft Material Using the Atomic Force Microscope
Dimitriadis, E. K., Horkay, F., Maresca, J., Kachar, B., & Chadwick, R. S. (2002) · Biophysical Journal · doi:10.1016/s0006-3495(02)75620-8 · Cited by 1,230
Preparation of Hydrogel Substrates with Tunable Mechanical Properties
Tse, J. R., & Engler, A. J. (2010) · Current Protocols in Cell Biology · doi:10.1002/0471143030.cb1016s47 · Cited by 1,070
Engler, A. J., Carag-Krieger, C., Johnson, C. P., Raab, M., Tang, H.-Y., Speicher, D. W., Sanger, J. W., Sanger, J. M., & Discher, D. E. (2008) · Journal of Cell Science · doi:10.1242/jcs.029678 · Cited by 865
Indentation Versus Tensile Measurements of Young's Modulus for Soft Biological Tissues
McKee, C. T., Last, J. A., Russell, P., & Murphy, C. J. (2011) · Tissue Engineering Part B: Reviews · doi:10.1089/ten.teb.2010.0520 · Cited by 708
Mechanical Properties of Cellularly Responsive Hydrogels and Their Experimental Determination
Kloxin, A. M., Kloxin, C. J., Bowman, C. N., & Anseth, K. S. (2010) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.200904179 · Cited by 481
Rotsch, C., Jacobson, K., & Radmacher, M. (1999) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.96.3.921 · Cited by 437
Self-citationIn situ elasticity modulation with dynamic substrates to direct cell phenotype
Kloxin, A. M., Benton, J. A., & Anseth, K. S. (2010) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2009.09.025 · Cited by 408
Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Durotaxis Depends on Substrate Stiffness Gradient Strength
Isenberg, B. C., DiMilla, P. A., Walker, M., Kim, S., & Wong, J. Y. (2009) · Biophysical Journal · doi:10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021 · Cited by 403
Single molecule force spectroscopy in biology using the atomic force microscope
Zlatanova, J., Lindsay, S. M., & Leuba, S. H. (2000) · Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/s0079-6107(00)00014-6 · Cited by 375
Swelling‐Induced Surface Patterns in Hydrogels with Gradient Crosslinking Density
Guvendiren, M., Yang, S., & Burdick, J. A. (2009) · Advanced Functional Materials · doi:10.1002/adfm.200900622 · Cited by 351
Lin, D. C., Dimitriadis, E. K., & Horkay, F. (2007) · Journal of Biomechanical Engineering · doi:10.1115/1.2720924 · Cited by 324
Wong, J. Y., Leach, J. B., & Brown, X. Q. (2004) · Surface Science · doi:10.1016/j.susc.2004.06.186 · Cited by 323
The elastic modulus of Matrigel™ as determined by atomic force microscopy
Soofi, S. S., Last, J. A., Liliensiek, S. J., Nealey, P. F., & Murphy, C. J. (2009) · Journal of Structural Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jsb.2009.05.005 · Cited by 309
Darling, E. M., Zauscher, S., Block, J. A., & Guilak, F. (2007) · Biophysical Journal · doi:10.1529/biophysj.106.083097 · Cited by 311
Zaari, N., Rajagopalan, P., Kim, S. K., Engler, A. J., & Wong, J. Y. (2004) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.200400883 · Cited by 268
Metadata
- Authors
- Domke, J., & Radmacher, M.
- Venue
- Langmuir
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 1998-05-15
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 3320-3325
- ISSN
- 0743-7463 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-5827
- OpenAlex
- W2070663004
- Cited by
- 636
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 8.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
