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Anisotropic Swelling and Fracture of Silicon Nanowires during Lithiation
Abstract
We report direct observation of an unexpected anisotropic swelling of Si nanowires during lithiation against either a solid electrolyte with a lithium counter-electrode or a liquid electrolyte with a LiCoO(2) counter-electrode. Such anisotropic expansion is attributed to the interfacial processes of accommodating large volumetric strains at the lithiation reaction front that depend sensitively on the crystallographic orientation. This anisotropic swelling results in lithiated Si nanowires with a remarkable dumbbell-shaped cross section, which develops due to plastic flow and an ensuing necking instability that is induced by the tensile hoop stress buildup in the lithiated shell. The plasticity-driven morphological instabilities often lead to fracture in lithiated nanowires, now captured in video. These results provide important insight into the battery degradation mechanisms.
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Cited by
Reviving the lithium metal anode for high-energy batteries
Lin, D., Liu, Y., & Cui, Y. (2017) · Nature Nanotechnology · doi:10.1038/nnano.2017.16 · Cited by 6,763
Size-Dependent Fracture of Silicon Nanoparticles During Lithiation
Liu, X. H., Zhong, L., Huang, S., Mao, S. X., Zhu, T., & Huang, J. Y. (2012) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/nn204476h · Cited by 2,376
Self-citationElectrode Degradation in Lithium-Ion Batteries
Pender, J. P., Jha, G., Youn, D. H., Ziegler, J. M., Andoni, I., Choi, E. J., Heller, A., Dunn, B. S., Weiss, P. S., Penner, R. M., et al. (2020) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/acsnano.9b04365 · Cited by 873
Two-Phase Electrochemical Lithiation in Amorphous Silicon
Wang, J. W., He, Y., Fan, F., Liu, X. H., Xia, S., Liu, Y., Harris, C. T., Li, H., Huang, J. Y., Mao, S. X., et al. (2013) · Nano Letters · doi:10.1021/nl304379k · Cited by 451
Self-citationFracture of crystalline silicon nanopillars during electrochemical lithium insertion
Lee, S. W., McDowell, M. T., Berla, L. A., Nix, W. D., & Cui, Y. (2012) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1201088109 · Cited by 432
Metadata
- Authors
- Liu, X. H., Zheng, H., Zhong, L., Huang, S., Karki, K., Zhang, L. Q., Liu, Y., Kushima, A., Liang, W. T., Wang, J. W., Cho, J.-H., Epstein, E., Dayeh, S. A., Picraux, S. T., Zhu, T., Li, J., Sullivan, J. P., Cumings, J., Wang, C., Mao, S. X., Ye, Z. Z., Zhang, S., & Huang, J. Y.
- Venue
- Nano Letters
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2011-07-01
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 3312-3318
- ISSN
- 1530-6984 (ISSN-L)
- 1530-6992
- OpenAlex
- W2081891816
- Cited by
- 809
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 43.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Liu, X. H., Zheng, H., Zhong, L., Huang, S., Karki, K., Zhang, L. Q., Liu, Y., Kushima, A., Liang, W. T., Wang, J. W., Cho, J.-H., Epstein, E., Dayeh, S. A., Picraux, S. T., Zhu, T., Li, J., Sullivan, J. P., Cumings, J., Wang, C., . . . Huang, J. Y. (2011). Anisotropic Swelling and Fracture of Silicon Nanowires during Lithiation. Nano Letters. https://doi.org/10.1021/nl201684d
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