The DOI matches its Crossref record; 26 of the 26 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Confirmatory factor analysis of the depression-Anxiety-Stress Scales in depressed and anxious patients
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“The measure has been observed to be valid, reliable (depression subscale α = 0.96, anxiety subscale α = 0.89, and stress subscale α = 0.93), and have a well-supported three-factor structure, and has been trialled in clinical and non-clinical populations [62,63,64,65].”
Citations
Cites
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Williams, J. B. W., & First, M. B. (2013) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.104 · Cited by 109,845
Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (1983) · Cited by 79,882
Alternative Ways of Assessing Model Fit
Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1992) · Sociological Methods & Research · doi:10.1177/0049124192021002005 · Cited by 27,200
Comparative fit indexes in structural models.
Bentler, P. M. (1990) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.107.2.238 · Cited by 25,266
Lovibond, P. F., & Lovibond, S. H. (1995) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(94)00075-u · Cited by 14,523
An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: Psychometric properties.
Beck, A. T., Epstein, N., Brown, G., & Steer, R. A. (1988) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.56.6.893 · Cited by 14,407
Cognitive Therapy for Depression
(2012) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e675542012-001 · Cited by 9,678
Antony, M. M., Bieling, P. J., Cox, B. J., Enns, M. W., & Swinson, R. P. (1998) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/1040-3590.10.2.176 · Cited by 4,874
Self-citationTripartite model of anxiety and depression: psychometric evidence and taxonomic implications
Clark, L. A., & Watson, D. (1991) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.100.3.316 · Cited by 4,601
Psychometric properties of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) in clinical samples
Brown, T. A., Chorpita, B. F., Korotitsch, W., & Barlow, D. H. (1997) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(96)00068-x · Cited by 1,860
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Arbuckle, J. L., & Wothke, W. (1999). Amos 4.0 user's guide. Chicago, IL: Smallwaters Corporation.
- Beck, A. T., Rush, A. J., Shaw, B. F., & Emery, G. (1979). Cognitive Therapy of Depression. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
- Jöreskog, K. G., & Sörbom, D. (1986). LISREL VI: Analysis of linear structural relationships by maximum likelihood, instrumental variables, and least squares methods. Mooresville, IN: Scientific Software.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 301–400 of 401
Noose, S. K., Kors, S. B., Gorrondona, A. M., Kurdziel, G., Towers, C. V., Fortner, K. B., & Macfie, J. (2020) · Journal of Affective Disorders Reports · doi:10.1016/j.jadr.2020.100025 · Cited by 3
Choi, J., Kim, K., Park, S. H., Hur, J., Yang, H., Kim, Y.-H., Lee, H., & Han, S. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-54533-8 · Cited by 5
EFFECT OF ZEN MEDITATION PRACTICE ON PERCEIVED STRESS IN COLLEGE STUDENTS: A SURVEY STUDY
Lo, P., & Wu, S.-D. (2007) · Biomedical Engineering Applications Basis and Communications · doi:10.1142/s1016237207000513 · Cited by 4
Netter, P., & Hennig, J. (2017) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2017.05.021 · Cited by 4
Lacomba‐Trejo, L., Valero‐Moreno, S., de la Barrera, U., Pérez‐Marín, M., & Montoya‐Castilla, I. (2021) · Análisis y Modificación de Conducta · doi:10.33776/amc.v47i175.5190 · Cited by 4
The effect of the COVID ‐19 pandemic on headache‐related disability among young adults with migraine
Thaxter, L. Y., & Smitherman, T. A. (2022) · Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain · doi:10.1111/head.14411 · Cited by 4
A model of goal striving and mental health for coaching populations
Grant, A. M. (2007) · Cited by 4
Summers, B. J., Sarawgi, S., Fitch, K. E., Dillon, K. H., & Cougle, J. R. (2016) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/1073191116654759 · Cited by 4
Specific and general cognitive predictors of Sexual Orientation-Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Melli, G., Gelli, S., Moulding, R., Stopani, E., & Pinto, A. (2018) · Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jocrd.2018.01.005 · Cited by 4
Scamaldo, K. M., Tull, M. T., & Gratz, K. L. (2020) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113609 · Cited by 4
Examining the Factor Structure and Validity of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21
Jacobsen, G., Casanova, M. P., Dluzniewski, A., Reeves, A. J., & Baker, R. T. (2024) · European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education · doi:10.3390/ejihpe14110192 · Cited by 3
Shop 'til you drop: A coping mechanism for stressed university students?
Pidgeon, A. M., Bottomley, L., & Bannatyne, A. J. (2015) · Cited by 3
Individual Facets of Effortful Control and Symptoms of General Distress and Depression
Buffington, A. G. (2009) · OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network) · Cited by 3
The Protective Effect of Culture on Depression During Covid-19 Pandemic: A Romanian National Study
Bartucz, M. B., Matu, S. A., & David, D. O. (2022) · Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · doi:10.1177/00220221221109564 · Cited by 5
Gallo, A. T., Addis, S., Martyn, V., Ramanathan, H., Wilkerson, G. K., Bennett, K., Hood, S. D., Stampfer, H. G., & Hulse, G. K. (2023) · Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/20451253231156400 · Cited by 4
Pinzón, J. H., da Silva, A. M. B., Machado, W. D. L., Moret‐Tatay, C., & de Oliveira, M. Z. (2023) · Journal of Personalized Medicine · doi:10.3390/jpm13060955 · Cited by 4
Associations Among Experiential Avoidance, Positive Affect, and Reward Responsivity
Fields, J. S., Wieman, S. T., MacDonald, H. Z., Robins, H., & Liverant, G. I. (2023) · Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment · doi:10.1007/s10862-023-10072-6 · Cited by 3
The Influence of Satisfaction with E‐Learning on the Psychological State of Nursing Students
Innab, A., Aldawood, F., Abdali, N. O., Arishi, O. K., & Alomary, A. M. (2023) · Perspectives In Psychiatric Care · doi:10.1155/2023/7173412 · Cited by 5
Broughton, J., Irving, D., & Daniels, J. (2024) · The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist · doi:10.1017/s1754470x24000308 · Cited by 3
Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 During COVID-19: Psychological Symptoms and Eating Attitudes
Benioudakis, E. S., Karlafti, E., Georgiou, E. D., Kalaitzaki, A. E., Kaiafa, G. D., Savopoulos, C. G., & Didangelos, T. (2022) · Current Diabetes Reviews · doi:10.2174/1573399818666220516105920 · Cited by 3
Pepping, C. A., Dawe, S., & Harnett, P. H. (2013) · Child & Family Social Work · doi:10.1111/cfs.12108 · Cited by 3
Characteristics of animal owners among individuals with object hoarding
Slyne, K. E., Tolin, D. F., Steketee, G. S., & Frost, R. O. (2012) · Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jocrd.2012.11.003 · Cited by 3
Career Versus Motherhood? A Case Study Describing a Cognitive-existential Approach to the Dilemma
Dingle, G. A. (2002) · Behaviour Change · doi:10.1375/bech.19.1.2 · Cited by 3
Gillespie‐Smith, K., Goodall, K., McConachie, D., Herwegen, J. V., Crawford, H., Ballantyne, C. J., Richards, C., Gallagher‐Mitchell, T., Moss, J. F., Khawam, G., et al. (2024) · JCPP Advances · doi:10.1002/jcv2.12261 · Cited by 3
Psychometric Evaluation of Six DASS-21 Short Forms for Male Survivors
Yun, S. H. (2025) · Research on Social Work Practice · doi:10.1177/10497315251381277 · Cited by 2
Lochmannová, A., Šín, R., Kovalčinová, K., & Marek, P. (2025) · Journal of Workplace Behavioral Health · doi:10.1080/15555240.2025.2565791 · Cited by 2
College students and the illicit use of prescription drugs: a test of general strain theory.
Vegh, D. T. (2011) · Cited by 2
Stanghellini, F., Perinelli, E., Lombardi, L., & Stella, M. (2024) · advances in/psychology · doi:10.56296/aip00008 · Cited by 2
Assessing validity and reliability of Copenhagen burnout tool and DASS-21 amongst faculty members
Sun, X., Alam, B. F., Chaudhary, M. A. G., Khan, S., Khan, A. N., Jan, H., Hussain, T., & Khan, S. (2024) · Work · doi:10.3233/wor-240075 · Cited by 3
Neuropsychiatric Outcomes in Intensive Care Unit Survivors
Joshi, S., Prakash, R., Arshad, Z., Kohli, M., Singh, G. P., & Chauhan, N. (2023) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.40693 · Cited by 2
The effects of somatisation, depression, and anxiety on eating habits among university students
Stapleton, P., & Brunetti, M. (2013) · Bond University Research Portal (Bond University) · Cited by 2
Validation of the Anxious Self-Statements Questionnaire (ASSQ) in Asia
Oei, T. P. S., & Chaw, Y. F. (2014) · International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction · doi:10.1007/s11469-014-9534-x · Cited by 2
Psychological well-being of Polish migrants in Ireland
Orlik, W., & Shevlin, M. E. (2015) · The Irish Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1080/03033910.2016.1194771 · Cited by 2
Does the Risk Outweigh the Benefits? Adolescent Responses to Completing Health Surveys
Shaw, T., Runions, K., Johnston, R., & CROSS, D. S. (2017) · Journal of Research on Adolescence · doi:10.1111/jora.12343 · Cited by 2
Steenhuis, L. A., Groenman, A. P., Hoekstra, P. J., Hornstra, R., Luman, M., der Oord, S. V., & van den Hoofdakker, B. J. (2020) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037749 · Cited by 2
Jones, G., & Jassi, A. D. (2020) · Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1891/jcpsy-d-20-00019 · Cited by 2
Chen, S. (2015) · Scholarship@Western (Western University) · Cited by 2
Fragebögen und Ratingskalen zur globalen Messung von Angst, Ängstlichkeit und Angststörungen
Hoyer, J., & Margraf, J. (2003) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-18976-0_7 · Cited by 3
Validation of the Mental Health Checklist (MHCL) during COVID‐19 lockdown
So, C. J., Kim, J., Cifre, A. B., Gonzalez, R. D., Bower, J. L., & Alfano, C. A. (2021) · Journal of Community Psychology · doi:10.1002/jcop.22600 · Cited by 2
Exploring Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors, Deployment Factors, and Adjustment Among Military Spouses
Suárez, N. (2011) · ScholarSpace (University of Hawaii at Manoa) · Cited by 2
Graf, M. C., & Geller, P. A. (2004) · doi:10.17918/etd-281 · Cited by 2
Steinman, S. A. (2014) · doi:10.18130/v3dz6z · Cited by 2
Short Version of The Depression Anxiety Stress Scal-21: Is It Valid For Jordanian AdultsPreprint
Murad, O. (2022) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1300714/v1 · Cited by 2
Attitudes to possessions in emerging adults: Predictors of hoarding behaviours and beliefs
Kartal, E., Scott, J. A., & Morein‐Zamir, S. (2025) · British Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1111/bjc.70003 · Cited by 1
Aras, E., & Kaya, M. D. (2026) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-026-47134-0 · Cited by 3
Husain, W., Husain, M. A., Ijaz, F., Trabelsi, K., Ammar, A., & Jahrami, H. (2026) · PsyCh Journal · doi:10.1002/pchj.70095 · Cited by 1
Exploring optimistic and pessimistic attributions in depression-specific mood
Hawkins, M. T. (2004) · Cited by 1
Angstbezogenes Kontrollerleben
Helbig‐Lang, S., Schneider, A., & Petermann, F. (2012) · Zeitschrift für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie · doi:10.1026/1616-3443/a000171 · Cited by 1
Lai, C. C. W., Brooks, K. R., & Boag, S. (2024) · Advances in Public Health · doi:10.1155/2024/6694341 · Cited by 1
Kazmi, S. M. A., Lewis, C. A., Hasan, S. S., Iftikhar, R., Fayyaz, M. U., & Anjum, F. A. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.942108 · Cited by 1
An investigation of fear of the dark in individuals with insomnia disorder
Maich, K. H. G. (2021) · doi:10.32920/ryerson.14664957.v1 · Cited by 1
Griffin, A. M. (2013) · University of North Texas Digital Library (University of North Texas) · doi:10.12794/metadc407791 · Cited by 1
Factors influencing postnatal emotional distress and barriers to help seeking
Bonney, R. (2008) · ERA
Relational accommodation of obsessive compulsive symptoms : the role of distress tolerance
Hale, L. S. (2013) · OpenGrey (Institut de l'Information Scientifique et Technique)
Emerging adulthood in Australia: an exploration of diverse psychosocial profiles
Lederman, M. S. (2013) · Swinburne figshare (Swinburne University of Technology) · doi:10.25916/sut.26287588
Vahid, S. F., Rostami, R., Ali, B. M., & Abbas, R. N. (2013)
Resilience and social support as moderators between financial stressors and strain
Klipp, Y. D. (2014) · University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg Institutional Repository on DSpace (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg)
Rothermel, C. (2014) · ResearchWorks at the University of Washington (University of Washington)
Depression, anxiety and metabolic syndrome in farm men and women
Jeffery-Dawes, N. (2012) · Figshare
van der Toorn, S. L. M., Huizink, A. C., Utens, E. M. W. J., Verhulst, F. C., Ferdinand, R. F., & Ormel, J. (2010)
Boul, S. J. (2015) · NC Digital Online Collection of Knowledge and Scholarship (The University of North Carolina at Greensboro)
Treatment of anxiety using manualized protocol: a case study
Stevenson, D. (2011) · Rowan Digitals Works (Rowan University)
A test of the tripartite model of anxiety and depression in postpartum psychiatric inpatients
Cunningham, N. K. (2016) · UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA)
Developing the Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure as a Measure of Self-Forgiveness
Bast, D. F. (2015) · Maynooth University ePrints and eTheses Archive (Maynooth University)
de Manincor, & Michael, J. (2017)
Examining Potential Mechanisms for Increasing Emotional Willingness
Paulson, A. (2008) · University Libraries (University of Maryland)
Conceptualizing Acceptance in Postdeployment Soldiers
Johnson, D. P., Salters‐Pedneault, K., & Shipherd, J. C. (2018) · Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment · doi:10.1007/s10862-018-9691-5
Age-Related Differences in Executive, Social and Creative Cognition in Neurologically Healthy Adults
Duff, H., Lyvers, M., & Bahr, M. (2019) · IAFOR Journal of Psychology & the Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.22492/ijpbs.5.1.06
ŞAHİN, K., & AÇIKGÜL, K. (2021) · Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi · doi:10.17240/aibuefd.2021.21.60703-817842
Godsell, C. (2010) · Research Online (University of Wollongong)
Gereš, N., Ivezić, E., Grošić, V., Škugor, S. B., Cvitanušić, S., Markotić, A., Pisk, S. V., Ružić, M. Ć., & Filipčić, I. (2022) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3999105
Network analysis applied to DASS-21: Emergence of a new dimensionPreprint
Alvarenga, M. A. S., Bandeira, P. F. R., Guilhermino, C. S., de Azevedo, T. G., Olímpio, K. F., Kersul, C., da Cunha, G. L., Álvares-Teodoro, J., Ribeiro, P. C. C., Alves, M. M., et al. (2022) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2022.07.29.22274386
Devebakan, N. (2022) · Journal of Business in The Digital Age · doi:10.46238/jobda.1134483
Pereira, T. C., Ayres, A., Pessoa, T. M., Dias, G. P., Palmer, S., Silva, A. C., & Nardi, A. E. (2014) · International Coaching Psychology Review · doi:10.53841/bpsicpr.2014.9.1.22
Mental Health Burden from COVID-19: Findings from a Single Hybrid Hospital in Northwest Malaysia
Hat, S. Z. C., Khalid, K., Anuar, A., Ang, W. C., & Jamaluddin, R. (2022) · Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences · doi:10.47836/mjmhs.18.s19.10
Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Among Qatari Parents During the Pandemic
Brik, A. B. (2024) · International and cultural psychology/International and cultural psychology series · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-49230-3_11
Szymkowiak, A., Nurse, J. R. C., Brauner, P., Ziefle, M., & Shepherd, L. A. (2024) · Frontiers research topics · doi:10.3389/978-2-8325-4819-6
Brik, A. B. (2024) · Child & Family Social Work · doi:10.1111/cfs.13244
RetractedDufour, G. K., Yun, S. H., & Fiorini, L. (2024) · Journal of Evidence-Based Social Work · doi:10.1080/26408066.2024.2446935
Fuggetta, G., Duke, P. A., Chakraborty, R., Murugesan, P., Cocciarelli, J., & Delibashi, E. (2025) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app15063069
Johannes, C., Danga, S. D., & Roman, N. V. (2025) · The Open Public Health Journal · doi:10.2174/0118749445421316251008074809
Tadros, M. (2008) · UPT. Syiah Kuala University Library (Syiah Kuala University)
Hicks, O., Murphy, G. C. M., Ying, F., Maxwell, J. A., Wilde, J. L., & Dozois, D. J. A. (2025) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2025.121093
Gender Invariance of DASS Short Forms in Sexual Violence Survivors: An Extension
Yun, S. H. (2026) · Research on Social Work Practice · doi:10.1177/10497315251410188
Social determinants of mental health problems among Nepalese migrants living in AustraliaPreprint
Pandey, P., Khalesi, S., Nepal, B., & Rawal, L. B. (2026) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-8476678/v1
Hnatešen, D., Radoš, I., Dimitrijević, I., Budrovac, D., Matković, V., & Gusar, I. (2026) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph23030350
Bliokas, V. V., Whiting, L., Liddle, S. K., Sng, R., & Janackovski, A. (2026) · Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior · doi:10.1111/sltb.70090
Psychological distress and its management among people living with hypertension in Ghana
Yacoub, K. E., Lartey-Nyaunu, R., Degboe, M. K. E., Oppong, J., Brinsley, T. Y., Saah, F. I., & Amu, H. (2026) · Discover Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12982-026-01953-8
Copas, C., Knight, J., Griffith, S., Astridge, A. D., Martins, B. D., McDonald, S. J., Chen, Z., O'Brien, T. J., Shultz, S. R., & Symons, G. F. (2026) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-026-09796-z
Husain, W., Zahra, A., Khan, T., Azhar, A., Trabelsi, K., Ammar, A., & Jahrami, H. (2026) · Discover Psychology · doi:10.1007/s44202-026-00745-0
The Role of Self-Compassion and Body Perception in Predicting Psychological Safety
Poli, A., & Miccoli, M. (2026) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm15135177
Metadata
- Authors
- Clara, I. P., Cox, B. J., & Enns, M. W.
- Affiliations
- University of Manitoba (CA)
- Venue
- Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment
- Published
- 2001-03
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 61-67
- ISSN
- 0164-0305 (ISSN-L)
- 0882-2689
- 1573-3505
- OpenAlex
- W1622243179
- Cited by
- 403
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 24
- FWCI
- 5.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
- Keywords
- DASS, factor structure, depression, anxiety, tripartite model, anhedonia, physiological hyperarousal, mood disorders
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review