Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 497

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 10 of the 10 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The Changing Prevalence of Autism in California

Croen, Lisa A., Grether, Judith K., Hoogstrate, Jenny, Selvin, Steve·2002·Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1023/a:1015453830880

Cites

10 of 10 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 10 references

Research works printed but not linked: 37

  1. American Psychiatric Association (1980). Diagnostic and statisticalmanual of mental disorders III. Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Association.
  2. American Psychiatric Association (1987). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders III-R. Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Association.
  3. American Psychiatric Association (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders IV. Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Association.
  4. Arvidsson, T., Danielsson, B., Forsberg, P., Gillberg, C., Johansson, M., & Kallgren, G. (1997). Autism in 3 to 6-year-old children in a suburb of Goteburg, Sweden. Autism, 1, 163–173. · DOI · Paper page
  5. Baron-Cohen, S., Allen, J., & Gillberg, C. (1992). Can autism be detected at 18 months? The needle, the haystack, and the CHAT. British Journal of Psychiatry, 161, 839–843. · DOI · Paper page
  6. Baron-Cohen, S., Cox, A., Baird, G., Swettenham, J., Nightingale, N., Morgan, K. et al. (1996). Psychological markers in the detection of autism in infancy in a large population. British Journal of Psychology, 168, 158–163. · DOI · Paper page
  7. Bax, M. (1994). Editorial: Autism. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology 36, 659–660. · DOI
  8. Bohman, M., Bohman, I. L., Björck, P. O., & Sjöholm, E. (1983). Childhood psychosis in a Northern Swedish county: some preliminary findings from an epidemiological survey. In M. H. Schmidt and H. Remschmidt, Epidemiological approaches in child psychiatry II (pp. 163–173). New York: Thieme-Stratton.
  9. Brask, B. H. (1972). A prevalence investigation of childhood psychosis (pp. 145–153). Oslo: Barnespsykiatrisk.
  10. Bryson, S. E., Clark, B. S., & Smith, I. M. (1988). First report of a Canadian epidemiological study of autistic syndromes. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 29, 433–445. · DOI · Paper page
  11. Burd, L., Fisher, W., and Kerbeshian, J. (1987). A prevalence study of pervasive developmental disorders in North Dakota. American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 26, 704–710. · DOI
  12. Cialdella, P., & Mamelle, N. (1989). An epidemiological study of infantile autism in a French department (Rhone): A research note. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 30, 165¶175. · DOI
  13. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2000). Prevalence of autism in Brick Township, New Jersey, 1998: Community report. Atlanta: CDC.
  14. Cook, E. H. Jr. (1998). Genetics of autism. Mental Retardation & Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews 4, 113–120. · DOI
  15. Deb, S., & Prasad, K. B. (1994). The prevalence of autistic disorder among children with learning disabilities. British Journal of Psychiatry, 165, 395–399. · DOI
  16. Department of Developmental Services. (1999). Changes in the population of persons with autism and pervasive developmental disorders in California's developmental services system: 1987¶1998. A report to the legislature. Sacramento, CA: Author.
  17. Filipek, P. A., Accardo, P., Baranek, G. T., Cook, E. H. Jr., Dawson, G., Gordon, B., et al. (1999). The screening and diagnosis of autistic spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 29, 437–482. · DOI · Paper page
  18. Fombonne, E., & Du Mazaubrun, C. (1992). Prevalence of infantile autism in four French regions. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 27, 203–210. · DOI
  19. Fombonne, E., Du Mazaubrun, C., Cans, C., & Grandjean, H. (1997). Autism and associated medical disorders in a french epidemiological survey. Journal of American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 36, 1561–1569.
  20. Gillberg, C. (1984). Infantile autism and other childhood psychoses in a Swedish urban region: Epidemiological aspects. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 25, 35–43. · DOI · Paper page
  21. Gillberg, C., Steffenburg, S., & Schaumann, H. (1991). Is autism more common now than ten years ago? British Journal of Psychiatry, 158, 403–409. · DOI · Paper page
  22. Gillberg, C., & Wing, L. (1999). Autism: Not an extremely rare disorder. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavia, 99, 399–406. · DOI · Paper page
  23. Honda, H., Shimizu, Y., Misumi, K., Niimi, M., & Ohashi, Y. (1996). Cumulative incidence and prevalence of childhood autism in children in Japan. British Journal of Psychology, 169, 228–225. · DOI · Paper page
  24. Hoshino, Y., Kumashiro, H., Yashima, Y., Tachibana, R., & Watanabe, M. (1982). The epidemiological study of autism in Fukushima-ken. Folia Psychiatrica et Neurologica Japonica, 36, 115–124.
  25. Ishii, T., & Takahashi, O. (1982). Epidemiology of autistic children in Toyota City, Japan. Prevalence. Dublin: World Child Psychiatry Conference.
  26. Kanner, L. (1943). Autistic disturbances of affective contact. Nervous Child, 2, 217–250.
  27. Krug, D. A., Arick, J., & Almond, P. (1980). Behavior checklist for identifying severely handicapped individuals with high levels of autistic behavior. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 21, 221–229. · DOI · Paper page
  28. Matsuishi, T., Shiotsuki, M., Yoshimura, K., Shoji, H., Imuta, F., & Yamashita, F. (1987). High prevalence of infantile autism in Kurume City, Japan. Journal of Child Neurology, 2, 268–271. · DOI
  29. McCarthy, P., Fitzgerald, M., & Smith, M. A. (1984). Prevalence of childhood autism in Ireland. Irish Medical Journal 77, 129–130.
  30. Nordin, V., & Gillberg, C. (1996). Autism spectrum disorders in children with physical or mental disability or both. 1: Clinical and epidemiological aspects. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology 38, 297–313. · DOI
  31. Selvin, S. (1995). Practice biostatistical methods. Belmont, CA: Duxbury Press.
  32. Sponheim, E., & Skjeldal, O. (1998). Autism and related disorders: Epidemiological findings in a Norwegian study using ICD-10 diagnostic criteria. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 28, 217–227. · DOI
  33. Sugiyama, T., & Abe, T. (1989). The prevalence of autism in Nagoya, Japan: A total population study. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 19, 87–96. · DOI
  34. Webb, E. V. J., Lobo, S., Hervas, A., Scourfield, J., & Fraser, W. I. (1997). The changing prevalence of autistic disorder in a Welsh health district. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 39, 150–152. · DOI
  35. Wignyosumarto, S., Mukhlas, M., & Shirataki, S. (1992). Epidemiological and clinical study of autistic children in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The Kobe Journal of Medical Sciences, 38, 1–9.
  36. Wing, L. (1997). The autistic spectrum. Lancet, 350, 1761–1766. · DOI · Paper page
  37. Wing, L., Yeates, S., Brierly, L. M., & Gould, J. (1976). The prevalence of early childhood autism: Comparison of administrative and epidemiological studies. Psychological Medicine, 6, 89–100. · DOI

Cited by

See all 497

Metadata

Authors
Croen, L. A., Grether, J. K., Hoogstrate, J., & Selvin, S.
Venue
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
Published
2002-06
Volume
32
Issue
3
Pages
207-215
ISSN
  • 0162-3257 (ISSN-L)
  • 1573-3432
OpenAlex
W1592873960
Cited by
497
References
10
FWCI
11.94
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The Changing Prevalence of Autism in California. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1023/a:1015453830880
The paper
Croen, L. A., Grether, J. K., Hoogstrate, J., & Selvin, S. (2002). The Changing Prevalence of Autism in California. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. https://doi.org/10.1023/a%3A1015453830880

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.