Cited by 367Attention Deficit Hyperactivity DisorderChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentBehavioral and Psychological Studies

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 53 of the 54 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Observed Classroom Behavior of Children with ADHD: Relationship to Gender and Comorbidity

Abikoff, Howard B., Jensen, Peter S., Arnold, L. L. Eugene, Hoza, Betsy, Hechtman, Lily, Pollack, Simcha, Martin, Diane, Alvir, Jose, March, John S., Hinshaw, Stephen, Vitiello, Benedetto, Newcorn, Jeffrey, Greiner, Andrew, Cantwell, Dennis P., Conners, C. Keith, Elliott, Glen, Greenhill, Laurence L., Kraemer, Helena, Pelham, William E., Severe, Joanne B., Swanson, James M., Wells, Karen, Wigal, Tim·2002·Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology

DOI 10.1023/a:1015713807297

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Abstract

Examined hypothesized gender and comorbidity differences in the observed classroom behavior of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The behavior of 403 boys and 99 girls with ADHD, ages 7-10, was compared (a) to observed, sex-specific classroom behavior norms, (b) by sex, and (c) by comorbid subgroups. Boys and girls with ADHD deviated significantly from classroom norms on 15/16 and 13/16 categories, respectively. Compared to comparison girls, girls with ADHD had relatively high rates of verbal aggression to children. Boys with ADHD engaged in more rule-breaking and externalizing behaviors than did girls with ADHD, but the sexes did not differ on more "neutral," unobtrusive behaviors. The sex differences are consistent with notions of why girls with ADHD are identified and referred later than boys. Contrary to hypothesis, the presence of comorbid anxiety disorder (ANX) was not associated with behavioral suppression; yet, as hypothesized, children with a comorbid disruptive behavior disorder (DBD) had higher rates of rule-breaking, and impulsive and aggressive behavior, than did children with ADHD alone and those with ADHD+ANX. Elevated rates of ADHD behaviors were also observed in children with comorbid DBD, indicating that these behaviors are truly present and suggesting that reports of higher ADHD ratings in this subgroup are not simply a consequence of negative halo effects and rater biases.

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Sorted by citations

Items 201–300 of 367

Does Anxiety Symptomatology Affect Bullying Behavior in Children and Adolescents with ADHD?
Pityaratstian, N., & Prasartpornsirichoke, J. (2022) · Child & Youth Care Forum · doi:10.1007/s10566-022-09681-1 · Cited by 10
“However, when a subset of children with ADHD and comorbid anxiety disorders was observed in regular classroom settings, the differences in ADHD behaviors compared with those of children with ADHD only or ADHD with ODD or CD were not detected (Abikoff et al., 2002).”
Result
To include or not to include : Teachers’ social representations of inclusion of students with Asperger syndrome
Linton, A.-C. (2015) · Linköping University Electronic Press eBooks · doi:10.3384/diss.diva-121062 · Cited by 8
“(Abikoff et al., 2002; Coles et al., 2012; McIntyre, 1990).”
ADHS bei Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen
Merkt, J., & Petermann, F. (2015) · Zeitschrift für Psychiatrie Psychologie und Psychotherapie · doi:10.1024/1661-4747/a000239 · Cited by 7
Gender differences in consequences of ADHD symptoms in a community-based organization for youth
Vitulano, M. L., Fite, P. J., Wimsatt, A. R., Rathert, J. L., & Hatmaker, R. S. (2012) · International Journal of Behavioral Development · doi:10.1177/0165025411430776 · Cited by 7
“Children suffering from ADHD symptoms have also been shown to exhibit greater rates of behavior problems than other children, such as noncompliance, rule-breaking, physical and verbal aggression, and overall poor classroom behavior (Abikoff et al., 2002; Anderson, Hinshaw, & Simmel, 1994).”
BackgroundInfluential
Simulation Theory Applied to Direct Systematic Observation
Manolov, R., & Losada, J. L. (2017) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00905 · Cited by 7
“For instance, Abikoﬀ et al. (2002, p. 353) use MTS and WIR to obtain “behavioral rates” of children with ADHD and Junod et al. (2006) use MTS and PIR to estimate prevalence of several behaviors children with and without ADHD; in neither of the two cases is there any mention of average DPO or…”
Method
Estimated Prevalence of ADHD Symptoms and Relationships of ADHD Symptoms with Depression, Anxiety, Stress, and School Maladjustment
이동훈 (2009) · Korea Journal of Counseling · doi:10.15703/kjc.10.4.200912.2397 · Cited by 6
Gender Effects in the Efficacy of Racemic Amphetamine Sulfate in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Childress, A. C., Newcorn, J. H., & Cutler, A. J. (2019) · Advances in Therapy · doi:10.1007/s12325-019-00942-5 · Cited by 6
Self-citation
Does Anxiety Modify the Risk for, or Severity of, Conduct Problems Among Children With Co-Occurring ADHD: Categorical and Dimensional and Analyses
Danforth, J. S., Doerfler, L. A., & Connor, D. F. (2017) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/1087054717723985 · Cited by 6
The Accuracy of Peer Comparison Observations: A Simulated Analysis
Radley, K. C., Dart, E. H., Schrieber, S. R., & Davis, J. L. (2020) · Behavioral Disorders · doi:10.1177/0198742920944845 · Cited by 6
Teachers' preferences for interventions for ethnically diverse learners with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
Wood, J. C., Heiskell, K. D., DeLay, D., Jongeling, J. A. S., & Perry, D. (2009) · PubMed · Cited by 6
Sources of Self-efficacy, Self-efficacy for Self-regulated Learning, and Student Engagement in Adolescents with ADHD
Major, A. (2016) · TSpace (University of Toronto) · Cited by 6
Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Teachers' Perceptions and Acceptability of Interventions
Vitanza, B. S. (2014) · Digital Commons - PCOM (Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine) · Cited by 6
The identification of children with behavioural manifestations of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity, in mainstream school: the development of the Scope Classroom Observation Checklist
Scope, A., Empson, J. M., McHale, S., & Nabuzoka, D. (2007) · Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties · doi:10.1080/13632750701664137 · Cited by 6
“Informal classroom observations led to the construction of the SCOC which was adapted from categories used in existing classroom observation checklists (Dowdy et al., 1998; Handen et al., 1998; Abikoff et al., 2002).”
Method
Efficacité d’une thérapie cognitivo-comportementale auprès d’enfants présentant en concomitance un trouble déficitaire de l’attention avec ou sans hyperactivité et un trouble anxieux
Verreault, M., & Berthiaume, C. (2010) · Journal de Thérapie Comportementale et Cognitive · doi:10.1016/j.jtcc.2010.09.005 · Cited by 5
Teachers’ intended classroom management strategies for students with ADHD: a cross-cultural study between South Korea and Germany
Lee, Y.-M., & Witruk, E. (2016) · Current Issues in Personality Psychology · doi:10.5114/cipp.2016.60171 · Cited by 6
“Teachers find that they have to modify their teaching strategies when they have students with ADHD in the classroom (Abikoff et al., 2002; Kos, 2004).”
Background
The Comorbid Diagnosis of ASD and ADHD: Clinical and Neuropsychological Perspectives
May, T., Sciberras, E., Hiscock, H., & Rinehart, N. (2016) · Autism and child psychopathology series · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-27171-2_14 · Cited by 5
Gender Issues and ADHD: Sorting Fact from Fiction
Goldstein, S., & Gordon, M. (2003) · The ADHD Report · doi:10.1521/adhd.11.4.7.23486 · Cited by 5
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder-Related Deficits and Psychostimulant Medication Effects on Comprehension of Audiovisually Presented Educational Material in Children
Orban, S. A., Karamchandani, T. A., Tamm, L., Sidol, C. A., Peugh, J., Froehlich, T. E., Brinkman, W. B., Estell, N., Mii, A. E., & Epstein, J. N. (2018) · Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1089/cap.2018.0006 · Cited by 5
“…off-task (Koﬂer et al. 2008; Imeraj et al. 2013), hyperactive (Porrino et al. 1983; Du-Paul and Rapport 1993; Vile Junod et al. 2006), and disruptive (Abikoff et al. 2002; Lauth et al. 2006) and complete fewer classroom assignments (Rapport et al. 1994; Molina et al. 2009) relative to their…”
Influential
Externalizing disorders among children of different ethnic origin in the Netherlands
Zwirs, B. W. C. (2001) · EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) · Cited by 5
Alterations in Striatal Architecture and Biochemical Markers’ Levels During Postnatal Development in the Rat Model of an Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Bogdańska-Chomczyk, E., Wojtacha, P., Tsai, M.-L., Huang, A. C. W., & Kozłowska, A. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms252413652 · Cited by 4
Absent or Hidden? Hyperactivity in Females With ADHD
Wettstein, R., Navarro-Ovando, V., Pirgon, E., Kroesen, J., Wettstein, K., Kroesen, H., Mathôt, R. A. A., & Dumont, G. (2024) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/10870547241273152 · Cited by 4
The Impacts of Co-Occurring Developmental Language Disorder on the Academic, Interpersonal, and Behavioral Profiles of Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Russell, K. M. H., & Redmond, S. M. (2024) · Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups · doi:10.1044/2024_persp-24-00035 · Cited by 4
Regulation of emotion in ADHD: can children with ADHD override the natural tendency to approach positive and avoid negative pictures?
Cauwenberge, V. V., Sonuga-Barke, E. J. S., Hoppenbrouwers, K., Leeuwen, K. G. V., & Wiersema, J. R. (2016) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/s00702-016-1631-5 · Cited by 4
Food intolerance and the few-foods (or oligoantigenic) diet in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
Lange, K. W., Reißmann, A., Nakamura, Y., & Lange, K. M. (2023) · Food Science and Human Wellness · doi:10.26599/fshw.2022.9250146 · Cited by 6
What types of objective measures have been used to assess core ADHD symptoms in children and young people in naturalistic settings? A scoping review
Kelman, C. R., Coon, J. T., Ukoumunne, O. C., Moore, D. A., Gudka, R., Bryant, E. F., & Russell, A. E. (2024) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2023-080306 · Cited by 4
Family and child characteristics in reading achievement milestones using machine‐learning‐based survival analysis
Jang, W., Ko, K., Ku, S., & Kwon, K. (2025) · Family Relations · doi:10.1111/fare.13174 · Cited by 4
Increased prevalence of parent ratings of ADHD symptoms among children with bilateral congenital cataracts
Lin, Z.-L. (2019) · International Journal of Ophthalmology · doi:10.18240/ijo.2019.08.14 · Cited by 4
Variation in latent social profiles of adolescent ADHD and related clinical features
Morris, S., Ling, M., Sheen, J. A., & Sciberras, E. (2021) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2021.114014 · Cited by 4
Attention-Defi cit/Hyperactivity Disorder
George J. DuPaul, L. E. R. (2008) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203938546-11 · Cited by 4
ADHD and its relationship to comorbidity and gender
Jónsdóttir, S. (2006) · University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) · Cited by 4
Towards a Biological Understanding of ADHD and the Discovery of Novel Therapeutic Approaches
Tannock, R., Campbell, B., Seymour, P. A., Ouellet, D., Soares, H. D., Wang, P., & Chappell, P. B. (2008) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-373861-5.00010-2 · Cited by 4
Applying a Vibration Reminder to Ameliorate the Hyperactive Behavior of Students with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Class
Lai, M.-C., Chiang, M., Shih, C.-T., & Shih, C. (2018) · Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities · doi:10.1007/s10882-018-9623-z · Cited by 3
Sensory processing skills and school functions in school-aged children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a gender-based analysis
Ceyhan, I., & Akyürek, G. (2025) · Child Neuropsychology · doi:10.1080/09297049.2025.2523595 · Cited by 3
“Additionally, some studies suggest that boys with ADHD displaying more inappropriate gross motor activities, behavioral problems, and negative verbal expressions in the classroom than girls with ADHD (Abikoff et al., 2002; Barry et al., 2002).”
Comorbidity of ADHD and Anxiety: From Basic to Applied Research
Jarrett, M. A. (2013) · The ADHD Report · doi:10.1521/adhd.2013.21.5.1 · Cited by 3
“, 2001); however, such differences have not been found for objective behavior ratings (Abikoff et al., 2002) or when ODD/CD is also present (Newcorn et al.”
Background
Sex differences in a sample of Egyptian adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
Bishry, Z., Ramy, H. A., Sheikh, M. M. E., Shorub, E. M., Hendawy, H., & El-Missiry, M. (2018) · Middle East Current Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/01.xme.0000544293.15791.c6 · Cited by 3
Identification of Emotional and Social Difficulties among Pakistani Adolescents
Hussain, K., Rohail, I., & Ghazal, S. (2017) · Foundation University Journal of Psychology · doi:10.33897/fujp.v1i2.51 · Cited by 3
“This difference will lead towards more disruptive behavior in males than females (Abikoff et al., 2002).”
Background
Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-/Hyperaktivitätsstörung (ADHS) im Erwachsenenalter
Heine, S., & Exner, C. (2021) · Zeitschrift für Neuropsychologie · doi:10.1024/1016-264x/a000329 · Cited by 3
Psychometric Properties of the Classroom Observation of Engagement, Disrespectful and Disruptive Behaviors
Hill, E., Volpe, R. J., & Briesch, A. M. (2021) · School Psychology Review · doi:10.1080/2372966x.2021.2001692 · Cited by 3
“…codes (ADHD-SOC, Gadow et al., 1996; BOSS, Shapiro, 2004; COC, Abikoff & Gittelman, 1985) have been examined for their ability to discriminate between students with and without clinical presentations (i.e., ADHD, learning disabilities; Gadow et al., 1992; Abikoff et al., 2002; DuPaul et al., 2004).”
Background
Interpersonal negotiation skills in ADHD
de Figueiredo, T. C., Sudo, F. K., Serra-Pinheiro, M. A., Tripp, G., & Mattos, P. (2022) · Social Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/17470919.2021.2025424 · Cited by 3
“Our results are in accordance with previous findings indicating a negative correlation between ADHD symptoms severity and social problems (Abikoff et al., 2002; Sacchetti & Lefler, 2017; Sinzig et al., 2008).”
Result
Important Mechanisms in the Development of Anxiety in Children with ADHD: The Role of Associated Features of ADHD and Interpersonal Functioning
Alacha, H. F., Lefler, E. K., & Bufferd, S. J. (2024) · Child Psychiatry & Human Development · doi:10.1007/s10578-024-01796-x · Cited by 4
“Given that children with ADHD exhibit significantly more off-task and disruptive behavior than their non-ADHD peers [1, 152], teachers manage a wide variety of behaviors in the classroom that could interrupt their lesson and increase working demands.”
Addiction – who is not affected?
Bäwert, A., & Fischer, G. (2005) · Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift · doi:10.1007/s10354-005-0232-y · Cited by 3
“Untersuchungen weisen auch bezüglich dieser Diagnose auf geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede hin; so neigen Buben mit diesem Erkrankungsbild mehr zu aggressiven und externalisierenden Verhaltensweisen als Mädchen mit derselben Verhaltensstörung [57, 58].”
Background
Profiles and Patterns of Behavioural and Emotional Problems in School Going Adolescents
Iram, S. F., & Najam, N. (2015) · Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences · Cited by 3
Why are girls with ADHD invisible
Dray, S., Campbell, M. A., & Gilmore, L. (2006) · QUT ePrints (Queensland University of Technology) · Cited by 3
Executive functioning in children with traumatic brain injury in comparison to developmental ADHD
Hanten, G. R., & Levin, H. S. (2008) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781316529898.034 · Cited by 3
“Don’t give up on them”: Managing Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Schools - What teachers and parents believe and know
Murray, E. (2010) · Murdoch University Research Portal · Cited by 3
Exploring the Relationship between Gender and Child Health: A Comparative Analysis of High and Low Economic Resource Countries
Green, L., & Taylor, J. S. (2009) · doi:10.1002/9780470684771.ch2 · Cited by 3
Characterizing Student Attention in Technology-Infused Classrooms Using Real-time Active Window Data
Mohammadi-Aragh, M. (2013) · VTechWorks (Virginia Tech) · Cited by 3
Disc Golf Play: Using Recreation to Improve Disruptive Classroom Behaviors.
Powell, M. L., & Newgent, R. A. (2008) · Journal of school counseling · Cited by 2
Vocabulary and Reading Growth in Children with Intellectual Disabilities: The Influences of Risks, Adaptive Behavior, and a Reading Intervention.
Donohue, D. K. (2010) · ProQuest LLC eBooks · Cited by 2
Inattentive Behavior and Homework Performance in Elementary School: the Mediating Effects of Academic Enablers
Oram, R., & Rogers, M. (2021) · Contemporary School Psychology · doi:10.1007/s40688-021-00353-w · Cited by 2
Psychosocial Interventions for Peer Relationship Problems in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Mikami, A. Y., Qi, H. V., & Miller, C. (2022) · Plenum series on human exceptionality · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-97208-0_10 · Cited by 4
Exploring the Use of Immersive Virtual Reality Games in a Formal School Environment
Belter, M., Wu, Y., & Lukosch, H. K. (2023) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-37171-4_2 · Cited by 2
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Young Males: The Medicalization of Boyhood?
Whitley, R. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-86320-3_4 · Cited by 2
Daily Symptom Profiles of Children With ADHD Treated With Modified-Release Methylphenidate
Hautmann, C., Rothenberger, A., & Döpfner, M. (2013) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/1087054713502233 · Cited by 2
“As in the case of age, boys with ADHD generally present more severe symptoms than girls (Abikoff et al., 2002; Thorell & Rydell, 2008).”
Background
Gender differences in quality of schoolwork task performance among typically developing students and students at risk of or with mild disabilities
Sperens, M., Munkholm, M., & Fisher, A. G. (2010) · Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy · doi:10.3109/11038128.2010.533189 · Cited by 2
“Among recent studies, there is general agreement that boys with ADHD are more aggressive than girls (6,11,12).”
Background
Effects of the Attention Span Temperament, Affectionate Rearing Attitudes of Mothers and Family Support on Behavioral Problems of Children : The Mediating Effects of Self-resilience
Cho, Y. M., & Lee, S. (2014) · The Korean Journal of Community Living Science · doi:10.7856/kjcls.2014.25.3.303 · Cited by 2
CLASSROOM MISBEHAVIOR AS A CONTEXT FOR LEARNING DURING EARLY ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Castle, M. H. (2011) · D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh) · Cited by 2
Relationship analysis between ADHD tendency and school connectedness of elementary students
최진오 (2010) · The Journal of Special Children Education · doi:10.21075/kacsn.2010.12.3.179 · Cited by 2
Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Prelock, P., & Hutchins, T. L. (2018) · Best practices in child and adolescent behavioral health care · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-93203-3_11 · Cited by 1
TDAH CON TRASTORNOS DE ANSIEDAD
Tannock, R. (2010) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-84-458-2021-6.00008-7 · Cited by 2
Considering Positive Psychology Constructs of Life Satisfaction and School Connectedness When Assessing Symptoms Related to Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Mancil, E. B., Bird, J. M., Lyons, M., Eck, K. V., & Smith, B. H. (2013) · Journal of Human Sciences and Extension · doi:10.54718/qbsa4106 · Cited by 2
A Study of the Reliability and Validity of the Korean Version of DSM-5 Symptom Measure–Inattention and Anger for Parent and Guardian of Child Age 6 to 17
Shin, M., Kim, B.-N., Cho, M., Jang, M., Shin, H., Do, R., Park, H.-S., Yoon, N., Noh, G., Song, J.-W., et al. (2021) · Journal of korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.5765/jkacap.200044 · Cited by 2
Virtual Reality Games for Children with ADHD in Formal Education
Belter, M., & Lukosch, H. K. (2022) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-09959-5_18 · Cited by 2
ADHD in Schools: Examining the Role of Gender and Symptom Presentation in Teacher-Initiated Referrals
Misrok, A. L., & Cooper, J. M. (2024) · Contemporary School Psychology · doi:10.1007/s40688-024-00518-3 · Cited by 2
“…with inattention and internalizing symptoms (CHADD, 2018; Child Mind Institute, 2023), while boys with ADHD tend to present more frequently with externalizing behaviors characterized by hyperactivity, impulsivity, and disruptive behavior (Abikoff et al., 2002; Gershon, 2002; Newcorn et al., 2001).”
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and gender differences
Carducci, C. A. (2009) · RIT Scholar Works (Rochester Institute of Technology) · Cited by 2
Ursachen der Geschlechtsunterschiede in der Prävalenz der Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-/Hyperaktivitäts-Störung
Konrad, K., & Günther, T. (2007) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-71628-0_13 · Cited by 2
Therapeutic Response to Methylphenidate in ADHD: Role of Child and Observer Gender.
Bhat, V., Sengupta, S. M., Grizenko, N., & Joober, R. (2020) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 2
An unhealthy neglect? Examining the relationship between child health and gender in research and policy
Green, L. (2006) · Critical Social Policy · doi:10.1177/0261018306062595 · Cited by 2
“Research into ADHD found US teachers more likely to label girls with ADHD purely on the grounds of hyperactivity or aggressive verbalization, not inattention or physical aggression, as was the case with the boys (Abikoff et al., 2002; Bluhm et al., 2004; Jackson and King, 2004).”
Background
THE PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC WORTH OF HORSE WHISPERING FOR THE AGGRESSIVE CHILD
Bronkhorst, K. (2009) · Unisa Institutional Repository (University of South Africa) · Cited by 2
Middle School Students with Emotional Disorders: Determined to Meet Their Needs Through Persuasive Writing
Cuenca-Sanchez, Y. (2011) · doi:10.13021/mars/4021 · Cited by 2
The Association of Cognitive Distortions, Problems with Self-Concept, Gender, and Age in Adults Diagnosed with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
O'Brien, D. R. (2016) · Digital Commons - PCOM (Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine) · Cited by 2
The effects of educational intervention on the behaviour of students with ADHD
Roca, V. L., Vázquez, F. J. H., & Yuba, E. I. (2020) · Journal of Physical Education and Sport · doi:10.7752/jpes.2020.05354 · Cited by 2
Rethinking Inclusion of Gifted and Twice-Exceptional Children
Bonti, E., & Sofologi, M. (2022) · Advances in early childhood and K-12 education · doi:10.4018/978-1-6684-4680-5.ch002 · Cited by 2
Effects of Alertness and Inhibitory Control on Adults with ADHD
Machida, K., & Johnson, K. A. (2023) · Autism and child psychopathology series · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-41709-2_4 · Cited by 1
ADHD in adulthood. Description of symptoms and selected spheres of functioning in adults with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
Nowogrodzka, A. (2023) · Neuropsychiatria i Neuropsychologia · doi:10.5114/nan.2023.134148 · Cited by 2
Association of classroom-level stressors with psychological distress in teachers
Titheradge, D., Sáenz, A. A., Hayes, R. A., Ukoumunne, O. C., & Ford, T. J. (2024) · Occupational Medicine · doi:10.1093/occmed/kqae140 · Cited by 1
Comparative analysis of Prevalence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and parental quality of life Amongst Students of Government and Private Schools
Chandel, S., Bairwa, K., Maggu, G., Gaur, V., Choudhary, S., & Chaudhury, S. (2025) · Industrial Psychiatry Journal · doi:10.4103/ipj.ipj_420_24 · Cited by 1
Childhood-Onset Psychosis: A large UK case series
Sato, M. S., James, A. C., Kyriakopoulos, M., & Need, A. C. (2025) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-025-02895-3 · Cited by 1
Proteomic Findings in ADHD: A Systematic Review
Karabulut, O. B., & Ünal, D. (2025) · International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience · doi:10.1002/jdn.70057 · Cited by 2
Youth Social Functioning and Externalizing Psychopathology in Relation to Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Network Analysis
Leman, T. Y., & Nikolas, M. A. (2026) · Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment · doi:10.1007/s10862-026-10299-z · Cited by 1
“While connections between behaviors and social problems did not vary, part work has indicated that social problems may vary by sex and across profiles of comorbid ADHD and externalizing problems (Abikoff et al., 2002).”
Themes and Dimensions of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders.
Mustian, A. L., & Cuenca-Sanchez, Y. (2012) · Cited by 1
Inattention, Passivity and Reading Ability in Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in a Greek Community Sample
Lazaratou, H. (2013) · Journal of Psychological Abnormalities in Children · doi:10.4172/2329-9525.1000109 · Cited by 1
“Boys with ADHD are more likely to exhibit externalizing behaviours, in particular rule-breaking, than girls are [46].”
Background
Differential Diagnosis and Comorbid ADHD in Childhood
Vance, A. L. A. (2011) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-7784-7_9 · Cited by 1
The Effects of neuroticism and attachment security on social skills: Mediating roles of attention control and empathy
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Chapter 2 Themes and Dimensions of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders
Mustian, A. L., & Cuenca-Sanchez, Y. (2011) · Advances in special education · doi:10.1108/s0270-4013(2012)0000022005 · Cited by 1
Awareness Intervention for Students with Behavioral Challenges- Mindfulness in the Classroom
Sarabia, G. M. (2015) · Digital Commons - CSUMB (California State University, Monterey Bay) · Cited by 1
Distress among parents of attention-deficit/hyperactivity-disorder children: relationship with children’s symptom severity and behavioral disturbances
Abdel-Fadeel, N. M., Abdelhameed, M., & Hassan, M. (2017) · Egyptian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.4103/1110-1105.200720 · Cited by 1
“This is in agreement with the findings of Abikoff et al. (2002), who reported that ADHD children were either destructive or aggressive toward themselves and/or others.”
Result
Effective Assessment and Intervention for Children with ADHD in Rural Elementary School Settings
Holdaway, A. S., Serrano, V. J., & Owens, J. S. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-64735-7_8 · Cited by 1
ADHD and Anxiety Disorders
Carroll, D. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-62393-7_8 · Cited by 1
The Effect of Computer-based Cognitive Rehabilitation Therapy on Difficulties in Emotion-regulation among Students With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Mayeli, M., Abolmaali, K., Nokani, M., & Talepasand, S. (2020) · Complementary Medicine Journal · doi:10.32598/cmja.10.3.1005.1 · Cited by 1
Content Analysis of Individualized Education Programs for Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Sikov, J., Fabiano, G. A., Schatz, N. K., Merrill, B. M., Piscitello, J., Tower, D., Greiner, A. R., Gnagy, E. M., Boeckel, A., Davis, G., et al. (2024) · School Psychology Review · doi:10.1080/2372966x.2024.2411581 · Cited by 1
“Students with ADHD often struggle with off-task behavior, compliance with classroom instructions, transitions, and rule-following (Abikoff et al., 2002; Loe & Feldman, 2007; Steiner et al., 2014; Wheeler & Carlson, 1994).”
Self-citation
What's in a Name? The Influence of an ADHD-Inattentive Type Label on Perceived Social Competence as Viewed by Mental Health Professionals and Teachers
Arkin, J. (2012) · OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network) · Cited by 1
Gender Differences in Comorbidity in ADHD
Lévy, F., Hay, D. A., & Bennett, K. (2004) · The ADHD Report · doi:10.1521/adhd.12.5.8.50742 · Cited by 1
Peer relationships among children with symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a developmental psychopathology perspective
Tseng, W. (2012) · University of Minnesota Digital Conservancy (University of Minnesota) · Cited by 1
The Reciprocal Relationship Among Object Relations, Attention, and Language in a Sample of School-Aged Children
Eiges, K. A. (2015) · CUNY Academic Works (City University of New York) · Cited by 1
Determining the efficacy of the BASC-2 PRS in the differential diagnosis of autism and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Smith, A. M. (2015) · Cited by 1
BRIEF REPORTS Should Sex-Specific Norms Be Used to Assess Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder or Oppositional Defiant Disorder?
Waschbusch, D. A., & King, S. (2006) · Cited by 1
The female side of ADHD and ASD
Kok, F. M. (2021) · University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) · doi:10.33612/diss.179073089 · Cited by 2
Examining Academic Functioning in Young Women with ADHD: How Do Girls Diagnosed in Childhood Fare Across Development?
VanPutten, M. M. (2010) · eScholarship (California Digital Library)
The role of nutrition and diet in learning and behaviour of children with symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Sinn, N., & Rucklidge, J. J. (2011) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1533/9780857092922.3.323

Authors: Abikoff, H. B., Jensen, P. S., Arnold, L. L. E., Hoza, B., Hechtman, L., Pollack, S., Martin, D., Alvir, J., March, J. S., Hinshaw, S., Vitiello, B., Newcorn, J., Greiner, A., Cantwell, D. P., Conners, C. K., Elliott, G., Greenhill, L. L., Kraemer, H., Pelham, W. E., Severe, J. B., Swanson, J. M., Wells, K., & Wigal, T.
Affiliations: New York University (US)
New York State Psychiatric Institute (US)
Purdue University West Lafayette (US)
Montreal Children's Hospital (CA)
St. John's University (US)
Nassau Community College (US)
Duke Medical Center (US)
University of California, Berkeley (US)
National Institute of Mental Health (US)
University of Pittsburgh (US)
Duke University (US)
University of California, San Francisco (US)
Columbia University (US)
Stanford University (US)
University at Buffalo, State University of New York (US)
National Institutes of Health (US)
University of California, Irvine (US)
Corresponding author: Abikoff, Howard B.
ORCID: Abikoff, Howard B.
Jensen, Peter S.
Hoza, Betsy
Hechtman, Lily
Pollack, Simcha
Alvir, Jose
Hinshaw, Stephen
Vitiello, Benedetto
Newcorn, Jeffrey
Elliott, Glen
Greenhill, Laurence L.
Kraemer, Helena
Pelham, William E.
Swanson, James M.
Wells, Karen
Venue: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2002-08
Volume: 30
Issue: 4
Pages: 349-359
ISSN: 0091-0627 (ISSN-L)
1573-2835
DOI: 10.1023/a:1015713807297
OpenAlex: W1560568018
Cited by: 367
References: 54
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 20
FWCI: 4.50
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/text-and-data-mining (tdm)
www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/text-and-data-mining (vor)
Locations: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Institutional Research Information System University of Turin (University of Turin) (submittedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Mental Health (U01 MH50447, U01MH50461, U01MH50440, U01MH050467, U01MH50454, U01MH050447, U01MH050440, U01MH050453, U01MH50467, U01MH050461, U01MH50453, U01MH050454)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Behavioral and Psychological Studies
Keywords: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, classroom behavior, gender differences, comorbidities, anxiety disorders, disruptive behavior disorders, rule violations, externalizing problems, verbal aggression, behavioral suppression, rater bias
MeSH terms: Anxiety Disorders, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, Child Behavior Disorders, Female, Humans, Internal-External Control, Male, Personality Assessment, Prognosis, Sex Factors, Social Behavior, Comorbidity, Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders

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Observed Classroom Behavior of Children with ADHD: Relationship to Gender and Comorbidity

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