The nuts and bolts of behavioral observation of marital and family interaction
Abstract
Despite considerable discussion in the literature about the advantages of observational research and the relative benefits of different coding systems and strategies, little is written about the actual implementation of this assessment strategy. This paper presents an overall framework as well as the essential components involved in collecting (selection of task, setting, unit of analysis, and coding system) and coding (transcribing, selecting and training coders, transforming data, and analyzing reliability) of observational data. To achieve success with observational methods, we emphasize several issues, including (a) the research question as the motivator for all decisions, (b) the interrelatedness of tasks, and (c) the implications of decisions early in the process for later stages of analysis and interpretation. Investigators are encouraged to communicate the details of their observational and coding procedures so that these methods are readily accessible for purposes of replication and comparison.
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Knowing the thoughts and feelings of someone in pain impacts an observer's affective and behavioral reactions.
“Goubert et al. 16 proposed that knowing the thoughts and feelings of someone in pain impacts an observer’s affective and behavioral reactions (i.e., expressions of empathy) to the observed person with pain.”
From Empathic and nonempathic interaction in chronic pain couples. (2008) · cites this paper as [16]
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Empathic and nonempathic interaction in chronic pain couples.
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- Authors
- Margolin, G., Oliver, P. H., Gordis, E. B., O'Hearn, H. G., Medina, A. M., Ghosh, C. M., & Morland, L.
- Affiliations
- University of Southern California (US)
- Corresponding author
- Margolin, Gayla
- Venue
- Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review
- Published
- 1998-12
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 195-213
- ISSN
- 1096-4037 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-2827
- OpenAlex
- W72738105
- Cited by
- 123
- References
- 113
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 1.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Public Health Service (10947, 36595)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Reliability and Agreement in Measurement
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Behavioral and Psychological Studies
- Keywords
- behavioral observation, marital interaction, family interaction, coding system, coder training, inter-rater reliability, observational data collection, unit of analysis, transcribing, replication, research design
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Behavior, Child, Data Collection, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Family, Humans, Marriage, Research Design, Observer Variation, Guidelines as Topic, Observation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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