The DOI matches its Crossref record; 54 of the 54 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Mice deficient in heparan sulfate 3-O-sulfotransferase-1: Normal hemostasis with unexpected perinatal phenotypes
Abstract
Heparan sulfate that contains antithrombin binding sites is designated as anticoagulant heparan sulfate (HS(act)) since, in vitro, it dramatically enhances the neutralization of coagulation proteases by antithrombin. Endothelial cell production of HS(act) is controlled by the Hs3st1 gene, which encodes the rate limiting enzyme-heparan sulfate 3-O-sulfotransferase-1 (Hs3st1). It has long been proposed that levels of endothelial HS(act) may tightly regulate hemostatic tone. This potential in vivo role of HS(act) was assessed by generating Hs3st1(-/-) knockout mice. Hs3st1(-/-) and Hs3st1(+/+) mice were evaluated with a variety of methods, capable of detecting altered hemostatic tone. However, both genotypes were indistinguishable. Instead, Hs3st1(-/-) mice exhibited lethality on a specific genetic background and also showed intrauterine growth retardation. Neither phenotypes result from a gross coagulopathy. So although this enzyme produces the majority of tissue HS(act), Hs3st1(-/-) mice do not show an obvious procoagulant phenotype. These results suggest that the bulk of HS(act) is not essential for normal hemostasis and that hemostatic tone is not tightly regulated by total levels of HS(act). Moreover, the unanticipated non-thrombotic phenotypes suggest structure(s) derived from this enzyme might serve additional/alternative biologic roles.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Citations
Cites
Increased Frequency of Genetic Thrombophilia in Women with Complications of Pregnancy
Kupferminc, M. J., Eldor, A., Steinman, N., Many, A., Bar-Am, A., Jaffa, A. J., Fait, G., & Lessing, J. B. (1999) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199901073400102 · Cited by 977
Increased frequency of genetic thrombophilia in women with complications of pregnancy
(1999) · Transfusion Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0887-7963(99)80075-3 · Cited by 834
Choay, J., Petitou, M., Lormeau, J. C., Sînaÿ, P., Casu, B., & Gatti, G. (1983) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/0006-291x(83)90550-8 · Cited by 641
Enjyoji, K., Sévigny, J., Lin, Y., Frenette, P. S., Christie, P. D., Esch, J. S. A., Imai, M., Edelberg, J. M., Rayburn, H., Lech, M., et al. (1999) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/12447 · Cited by 565
Self-citationAnticoagulant Action of Heparin
Damus, P. S., HICKS, M., & ROSENBERG, R. D. (1973) · Nature · doi:10.1038/246355a0 · Cited by 550
Self-citationEvidence for a 3-O-sulfated D-glucosamine residue in the antithrombin-binding sequence of heparin.
Lindahl, U., Bäckström, G., Thunberg, L., & Leder, I. G. (1980) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.77.11.6551 · Cited by 498
Marcum, J. A., Atha, D. H., Fritze, L. M. S., Nawroth, P. P., Stern, D., & ROSENBERG, R. D. (1986) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(17)38421-1 · Cited by 336
Self-citationMarcum, J. A., McKenney, J. B., & ROSENBERG, R. D. (1984) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci111429 · Cited by 327
Self-citationCorrelation between structure and function of heparin
Rosenberg, R. D., & Lam, L. (1979) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.76.3.1218 · Cited by 281
Self-citationContribution of monosaccharide residues in heparin binding to antithrombin III
Atha, D. H., Lormeau, J. C., Petitou, M., ROSENBERG, R. D., & Choay, J. (1985) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi00344a063 · Cited by 256
Self-citation
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Marcum JA, Rosenberg RD, The biochemistry, cell biology, and pathophysiology of anticoagulantly active heparin-like molecules of the vessel wall. In Heparin, Chemical and Biological Properties: Clinical Applications, edited by Lane DA, Lindahl U (London, Edward Arnold, 1999), pp. 275–94.
- de Agostini AI, Watkins SC, Slater HS, Youssoufian H, Rosenberg RD, Localization of anticoagulantly active heparan sulfate proteoglycans in vascular endothelium: Antithrombin binding on cultured endothelial cells and perfused rat aorta, Journal of Cell Biology 111, 1293–304 (1990). · DOI
Cited by
Varki, A. (2017) · Glycobiology · doi:10.1093/glycob/cww086 · Cited by 2,635
“As an example, null alleles preventing the synthesis of the core glycosaminoglycan backbone of heparan sulfate causes embryonic lethality (421) (422) , but the prevention of proper sulfation of this backbone can give living mice with specific defects (422) (423) (424) (425) (426) (427) .”
BackgroundHeparan sulphate proteoglycans fine-tune mammalian physiology
Bishop, J. R., Schuksz, M., & Esko, J. D. (2007) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature05817 · Cited by 1,631
Heparan Sulfate ProteoglycansPreprint
Sarrazin, S., Lamanna, W. C., & Esko, J. D. (2011) · Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology · doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a004952 · Cited by 1,610
Taylor, K. R., & Gallo, R. L. (2006) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.05-4682rev · Cited by 639
Heparan Sulfate: A Complex Polymer Charged with Biological Activity
Whitelock, J. M., & Iozzo, R. V. (2005) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr010213m · Cited by 419
Spatial and temporal dynamics of the endothelium
Aird, W. C. (2005) · Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis · doi:10.1111/j.1538-7836.2005.01328.x · Cited by 361
Blood Coagulation: Hemostasis and Thrombin Regulation
Tanaka, K. A., Key, N. S., & Levy, J. H. (2009) · Anesthesia & Analgesia · doi:10.1213/ane.0b013e31819bcc9c · Cited by 357
The Molecular Diversity of Glycosaminoglycans Shapes Animal Development
Bülow, H. E., & Hobert, O. (2006) · Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.1146/annurev.cellbio.22.010605.093433 · Cited by 358
Heparan Sulfate: Biosynthesis, Structure, and Function
Li, J.-P., & Kusche‐Gullberg, M. (2016) · International review of cytology · doi:10.1016/bs.ircmb.2016.02.009 · Cited by 315
Salivary gland branching morphogenesis
Patel, V. N., Rebustini, I. T., & Hoffman, M. P. (2006) · Differentiation · doi:10.1111/j.1432-0436.2006.00088.x · Cited by 291
Bülow, H. E., & Hobert, O. (2004) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(04)00084-4 · Cited by 262
Klüppel, M., Wight, T. N., Chan, C. K., Hinek, A., & Wrana, J. L. (2005) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.01948 · Cited by 205
The heparanome—The enigma of encoding and decoding heparan sulfate sulfation
Lamanna, W. C., Kalus, I., Padva, M., Baldwin, R. J., Merry, C. L. R., & Dierks, T. (2007) · Journal of Biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2007.01.022 · Cited by 187
The potential role of heparin in assisted conception
Nelson, S. M., & Greer, I. A. (2008) · Human Reproduction Update · doi:10.1093/humupd/dmn031 · Cited by 162
Heparan sulfate proteoglycans: a sugar code for vertebrate development?
Poulain, F. E., & Yost, H. J. (2015) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.098178 · Cited by 139
Kolset, S. O., Prydz, K., & Pejler, G. (2004) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bj20031230 · Cited by 136
Dawson, P. A., Huxley, S., Gardiner, B., Tran, T., McAuley, J., Grimmond, S. M., McGuckin, M. A., & Markovich, D. (2009) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.2007.147595 · Cited by 128
When sugars guide axons: insights from heparan sulphate proteoglycan mutants
Lee, J.-S., & Chien, C.-B. (2004) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/nrg1490 · Cited by 119
Multifunctionality of extracellular and cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans
Kirn‐Safran, C. B., Farach‐Carson, M. C., & Carson, D. D. (2009) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-009-0096-1 · Cited by 105
Fetomaternal cross talk in the placental vascular bed: control of coagulation by trophoblast cells
Sood, R., Kalloway, S., Mast, A. E., Hillard, C. J., & Weiler-Guettler, H. (2005) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2005-10-4111 · Cited by 100
Gene Trap Disruption of the Mouse Heparan Sulfate 6- O -Endosulfatase Gene, Sulf2
Lum, D. H., Tan, J., Rosen, S. D., & Werb, Z. (2006) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.01279-06 · Cited by 97
The importance of heparan sulfate in herpesvirus infection
O'Donnell, C. D., & Shukla, D. (2008) · Virologica Sinica · doi:10.1007/s12250-008-2992-1 · Cited by 93
Kalus, I., Salmen, B., Viebahn, C., FIGURA, K. V., Schmitz, D., D’Hooge, R., & Dierks, T. (2008) · Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1582-4934.2008.00558.x · Cited by 87
Carlsson, P., & Kjellén, L. (2011) · Handbook of experimental pharmacology · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-23056-1_2 · Cited by 70
Role of Glycosaminoglycans in Infectious Disease
Jinno, A., & Park, P. W. (2014) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-1714-3_45 · Cited by 65
Heparan sulfate in the regulation of neural differentiation and glioma development
Xiong, A., Kundu, S., & Forsberg‐Nilsson, K. (2014) · FEBS Journal · doi:10.1111/febs.13097 · Cited by 64
Cadwallader, A. B., & Yost, H. J. (2006) · Developmental Dynamics · doi:10.1002/dvdy.20991 · Cited by 64
Shworak, N. W., Kobayashi, T., de Agostini, A. I., & Smits, N. C. (2010) · Progress in molecular biology and translational science · doi:10.1016/s1877-1173(10)93008-1 · Cited by 60
Self-citationDziedzic, D., Węgrzyn, G., & Jakóbkiewicz‐Banecka, J. (2009) · European Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1038/ejhg.2009.144 · Cited by 53
Heparan sulfate proteoglycans: Coordinators of multiple signaling pathways during chondrogenesis
Kirn‐Safran, C. B., Gomes, R. R., Brown, A. J., & Carson, D. D. (2004) · Birth Defects Research Part C Embryo Today Reviews · doi:10.1002/bdrc.20005 · Cited by 51
Tecle, E., Díaz-Balzac, C. A., & Bülow, H. E. (2013) · G3 Genes Genomes Genetics · doi:10.1534/g3.112.005199 · Cited by 48
Strategies for drug discovery by targeting sulfation pathways
Hemmerich, S., Verdugo, D. E., & Rath, V. L. (2004) · Drug Discovery Today · doi:10.1016/s1359-6446(04)03261-1 · Cited by 45
Bäck, J., Lang, M. H., Elgue, G., Kalbitz, M., Sánchez, J., Ekdahl, K. N., & Nilsson, B. (2009) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2009.07.052 · Cited by 38
Heparan Sulfates in the Lung: Structure, Diversity, and Role in Pulmonary Emphysema
Smits, N. C., Shworak, N. W., Dekhuijzen, P. N. R., & Kuppevelt, T. H. V. (2010) · The Anatomical Record · doi:10.1002/ar.20895 · Cited by 36
Self-citationDatta, P., Li, G., Yang, B., Zhao, X., Baik, J. Y., Gemmill, T. R., Sharfstein, S. T., & Linhardt, R. J. (2013) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m113.519033 · Cited by 35
Noci, I., Milanini, M. N., Ruggiero, M. R., Papini, F., Fuzzi, B., & Artini, P. G. (2011) · Reproductive BioMedicine Online · doi:10.1016/j.rbmo.2011.03.016 · Cited by 34
Hull, E. E., Montgomery, M. R., & Leyva, K. J. (2017) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms18071361 · Cited by 30
Hs2st mediated kidney mesenchyme induction regulates early ureteric bud branching
Shah, M. M., Sakurai, H., Sweeney, D. E., Gallegos, T. F., Bush, K. T., Esko, J. D., & Nigám, S. K. (2010) · Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2009.12.033 · Cited by 29
Assays and reference materials for current and future applications of heparins
Mulloy, B., Hogwood, J., & Gray, E. (2010) · Biologicals · doi:10.1016/j.biologicals.2010.02.010 · Cited by 27
Sugar, T., Wassenhove-McCarthy, D. J., Esko, J. D., Kuppevelt, T. H. V., Holzman, L. B., & McCarthy, K. J. (2013) · Kidney International · doi:10.1038/ki.2013.281 · Cited by 27
Conway, C. D., Price, D. J., Pratt, T., & Mason, J. O. (2011) · Journal of Anatomy · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2011.01432.x · Cited by 24
Nguyen, T. K. N., Arungundram, S., Tran, V. M., Raman, K., Al-Mafraji, K., Venot, A. P., Boons, G., & Kuberan, B. (2011) · Molecular BioSystems · doi:10.1039/c1mb05221g · Cited by 23
Glycans in Diseases and Therapeutics
Pavão, M. S. G. (2011) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16833-8 · Cited by 22
Insights into the role of 3-O-sulfotransferase in heparan sulfate biosynthesis
Meneghetti, M. C. Z., Gesteira, T. F., Tashima, A. K., Chavante, S. F., Yates, E. A., Liu, J., Nader, H. B., & de Lima, M. A. (2017) · Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry · doi:10.1039/c7ob01533j · Cited by 20
Involvement of Heparan Sulfate and Heparanase in Neural Development and Pathogenesis of Brain Tumors
Xiong, A., Spyrou, A., & Forsberg‐Nilsson, K. (2020) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-34521-1_14 · Cited by 16
Heparan Sulfate Biosynthesis Enzymes in Embryonic Stem Cell Biology
Tamm, C., Kjellén, L., & Li, J. (2012) · Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry · doi:10.1369/0022155412465090 · Cited by 14
Role of HSPGs in Systemic Bacterial Infections
Aquino, R. S., Hayashida, K., Hayashida, A., & Park, P. W. (2021) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-1398-6_46 · Cited by 10
Patel, V. N., Aure, M. H., Choi, S. H., Ball, J. R., Lane, E. D., Wang, Z., Xu, Y., Zheng, C., Liu, X., Martín, D., et al. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-51862-0 · Cited by 9
Clausen, T. M., Weiss, R. J., Tremblay, J. R., Kellman, B. P., Coker, J. K. C., Dworkin, L. A., Rodriguez, J. W., Chang, I. R., Chen, T.-H. T., Padala, V., et al. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci184172 · Cited by 8
Lord, M. S., & Whitelock, J. M. (2014) · Bioengineered · doi:10.4161/bioe.29388 · Cited by 8
Diverse functions of uterine proteoglycans in human reproduction (Review)
Kitaya, K. (2012) · Molecular Medicine Reports · doi:10.3892/mmr.2012.826 · Cited by 8
Gomes, R. R., Kuppevelt, T. H. V., Farach‐Carson, M. C., & Carson, D. D. (2006) · Histochemistry and Cell Biology · doi:10.1007/s00418-006-0203-4 · Cited by 8
Embryogenesis and gene targeting of coagulation factors in mice
Sood, R., & Weiler-Guettler, H. (2003) · Best Practice & Research Clinical Haematology · doi:10.1016/s1521-6926(02)00092-0 · Cited by 7
Ouidja, M. O., Biard, D. S. F., Huynh, M. B., Laffray, X., Gómez-Henao, W., Chantepie, S., Douaron, G. L., Rebergue, N., Maïza, A., Merrick, H., et al. (2024) · PubMed Central · doi:10.1042/ebc20240106 · Cited by 5
Chen, C., Wu, X., Li, L., Xiang, Y., Zhang, H., Song, Y., Ding, Q., Wang, X., Hu, X., & Dai, J. (2025) · Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis · doi:10.1016/j.jtha.2025.04.022 · Cited by 5
The Role of Placental Glycosaminoglycans in the Prevention of Pre-Eclampsia
Gunatillake, T., Chui, A., & Said, J. M. (2013) · Journal of Glycobiology · doi:10.4172/2168-958x.1000105 · Cited by 4
Ouidja, M. O., Biard, D. S. F., Chantepie, S., Laffray, X., Douaron, G. L., Huynh, M. B., Rebergue, N., Maïza, A., Rubio, K., González-Velasco, Ó., et al. (2022) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2022.04.18.22273971 · Cited by 4
Bacterial Glycosyltransferases Involved in Molecular Mimicry of Mamm alian Glycans
Wakarchuk, W. W. (2011) · Pan Stanford Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1201/b11409-9 · Cited by 3
Patel, V. N., Ball, J. R., Choi, S. H., Lane, E. D., Wang, Z., Aure, M. H., Villapudua, C. U., Zheng, C., Bleck, C. K. E., Mohammed, H., et al. (2024) · Matrix Biology · doi:10.1016/j.matbio.2024.06.006 · Cited by 3
Heparan Sulfate (Glucosamine) 3-O-Sulfotransferase 1-6 (HS3ST1-6)
Liu, J., & O’Leary, T. R. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-4-431-54240-7_117 · Cited by 2
The Glycocode: Translating Heparan Sulfate Fine Structure into Developmental Function
Cadwallader, A. B., & Yost, H. J. (2013) · Biology of extracellular matrix · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-35935-4_1 · Cited by 2
Glycans in Embryonic Stem Cells
Pickford, C. E., Holley, R. J., Meade, K. A., & Merry, C. L. R. (2011) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16833-8_5 · Cited by 1
Biological function of mast cell chymase
Chugunova, E. (2004) · Epsilon Open Archive (Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet biblioteket (Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences))
Targets of Elf5 in Mouse Trophoblast Stem Cells
Deane, J. R. (2007) · Research Commons (University of Waikato)
Xiong, A. (2015) · Uppsala University Publications (Uppsala University)
Regulation of Heparan Sulfate 6-O-Sulfation Patterns
Do, A.-T. (2006) · KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)
Copeland, R. J. (2006) · Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) · doi:10.17615/3g0j-3d77
Héparanes sulfate : Structure, fonctions, régulation
Vivès, R. R. (2011) · HAL
Sulfotransferases and Sulfatases
Chapman, E., & Hanson, S. R. (2011) · Pan Stanford Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1201/b11409-10
N-Sulfation and Polymerization in Heparan Sulfate Biosynthesis
Presto, J. (2006) · KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)
In vitro studies of the substrate specificities of heparan sulfate 2-O- and 6-O-sulfotransferases.
Smeds, E. (2004) · KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)
Développement d’une antithrombine modifiée inactive comme antidote des anticoagulants hépariniques
Fazavana, J. (2012) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/4324ca83z6c5bz49ecz80b8z3504ebd533a0
Importance des glycosaminoglycanes de surface dans les phénomènes inflammatoires liés au cancer
Martinez, P. (2014) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/d8d46778ze3baz4df0z9270z4a2656f165d0
Étude de la régulation des enzymes de modification des héparanes sulfates en condition inflammatoire
Sikora, A. (2015) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/46b84622z2269z4e58za336z16b00b6cfcfa
Caractérisation biochimique et fonctionnelle de l'enzyme HSULF
Seffouh, A. (2016) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/5bf677b8z1ba5z4350z99b3zec619fad83b1
Rebergue, N. (2022) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/1625c958z4f5az4c53zb053z9743a765c9ac
Kumar, S., Biswas, S., Agarwal, S., Agarwal, A., Sheikh, S. S., Ashraf, A., Goyal, M., Trehan, C., Taneja, S., Shukla, A., et al. (2026) · Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jceh.2026.103552
Metadata
- Authors
- Shworak, N. W., HajMohammadi, S., de Agostini, A. I., & Rosenberg, R. D.
- Affiliations
- Dartmouth College (US)
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
- Corresponding author
- Shworak, Nicholas W.
- Venue
- Glycoconjugate Journal
- Published
- 2002-05
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 4-5
- Pages
- 355-361
- ISSN
- 0282-0080 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-4986
- OpenAlex
- W2082080310
- Cited by
- 77
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 1.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Glycoconjugate Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Blood Coagulation and Thrombosis Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Platelet Disorders and Treatments
- Keywords
- hemostasis, knockout mice, perinatal lethality, fetal growth restriction, coagulation, genetic background
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Animals, Newborn, Anticoagulants, Binding Sites, Blood Coagulation, Carbohydrate Sequence, Hemostasis, Heparan Sulfate, Molecular Sequence Data, Phenotype, Sulfotransferases, Mice, Knockout, Mice
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.