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Cited by 241Gender Studies in LanguageGender and Feminist StudiesGender, Sexuality, and Education

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 60 of the 69 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The Inexorable Rise of Gender and the Decline of Sex: Social Change in Academic Titles, 1945–2001

Haig, David·2004·Archives of Sexual Behavior
DOI 10.1023/b:aseb.0000014323.56281.0d
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Abstract

More than 30 million titles of "academic" articles, from the years 1945-2001, were surveyed for occurrences of the words sex and gender. At the beginning of this period, uses of gender were much rarer than uses of sex, and often used in the sense of a grammatical category. By the end of this period, uses of gender outnumbered uses of sex in the social sciences, arts, and humanities. Within the natural sciences, there was now more than 1 use of gender for every 2 uses of sex. The beginnings of this change in usage can be traced to Money's introduction of the concept of "gender role" in 1955 (J. Money, 1955). However, the major expansion in the use of gender followed its adoption by feminists to distinguish the social and cultural aspects of differences between men and women (gender) from biological differences (sex). Since then, the use of gender has tended to expand to encompass the biological, and a sex/gender distinction is now only fitfully observed.

Overview

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Crossref · 10.1023/b:aseb.0000014323.56281.0d

Cites

60 of 60 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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Citations

Cites

Show all 69 references

Research works printed but not linked: 8

  1. Eliot, G. (1860).The mill on the floss. Edinburgh: Blackwood.
  2. Gould, M., & Kern-Daniels, R. (1977). Toward a sociological theory of gender and sex.American Sociologist, 12, 182-189.
  3. Kessler, D. A. (1993). Guideline for the study and evaluation of gender differences in the clinical evaluation of drugs.Federal Register, 58(139), 39406-39416.
  4. Millett, K. (1970).Sexual politics. New York: Doubleday.
  5. Money, J. (1986).Venuses/penuses. Buffalo, NY: Prometheus.
  6. Money, J. (1995).Gendermaps. New York: Continuum.
  7. Money, J. (1996). Preface. In J. Money & A. A. Ehrhardt,Man and woman, boy and girl. Gender identity from conception to maturity. Northvale, NJ: Jason Aronson. (Original work published 1972)
  8. Oakley, A. (1972).Sex, gender, and society. New York: Harper Colophon.

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Metadata

Authors
Haig, D.
Affiliations
Harvard University (US)
Corresponding author
Haig, David
ORCID
Haig, David
Venue
Archives of Sexual Behavior
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2004-04
Volume
33
Issue
2
Pages
87-96
ISSN
  • 0004-0002 (ISSN-L)
  • 1573-2800
DOI
10.1023/b:aseb.0000014323.56281.0d
OpenAlex
W2005725500
Cited by
241
References
69
Citations by year
2026: 9 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 7
FWCI
6.13
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
Locations
  • Archives of Sexual Behavior (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender Studies in Language
  • Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender and Feminist Studies
  • Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender, Sexuality, and Education
Keywords
gender, sex, academic titles, language change, feminist theory, gender roles, biological sex, gender construction, history of gender concepts
MeSH terms
Cultural Characteristics, Female, Gender Identity, Humans, Male, Terminology as Topic, Sex, Sexual Behavior, Social Perception, Time Factors, United States, Journalism, Medical, History, 20th Century

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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

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