The DOI matches its Crossref record, with a small difference in title or year; 51 of the 55 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Young Schema Questionnaire 3 Short Form (YSQ-S3): Psychometric Properties and Association With Personality Disorders in a Danish Mixed Sample
Abstract
Abstract. Early Maladaptive Schemas, as measured with the Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ), are proposed to underlie a variety of mental health problems, in particular Personality Disorders. The latest short version of the instrument measuring all 18 schemas, the YSQ-S3, has only been examined to a limited extent, and its associations with Personality Disorders have not yet been tested in a psychiatric setting. We investigated psychometric properties of the Danish YSQ-S3 including its associations with Personality Disorders. A mixed Danish sample of clinical and nonclinical participants (N = 567) completed the YSQ-S3, whereas a clinical subsample (n = 142) was also assessed with a diagnostic interview for Personality Disorders. We performed reliability analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, regression analysis, and tested for group differences using analysis of variance. The Danish YSQ-S3 proved to be a reliable and valid measure. Its theoretical factorial structure was weakly but sufficiently supported. Its scales were meaningfully associated with specific Personality Disorders and discriminated between relevant groups. We conclude that the YSQ-S3 is a psychometrically valuable instrument for the assessment of Early Maladaptive Schemas in both clinical and research settings. Findings are discussed in relation to Personality Disorders and the Schema Therapy model.
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“In addition, a significant association has been found between the schemas measured by this questionnaire and features of several personality disorders (46, 47).”
From Timing of imagery rescripting during schema therapy for borderline personality disorder: the LUCY trial (2023) · cites this paper as [47]
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A new look at the schema therapy model: organization and role of early maladaptive schemas
Bach, B., Lockwood, G., & Young, J. E. (2018) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506073.2017.1410566 · Cited by 222
Self-citationSchema Theory and Schema Therapy in Mood and Anxiety Disorders: A Review
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Kriston, L., Schäfer, J., Jacob, G., Härter, M., & Hölzel, L. (2013) · European Journal of Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1027/1015-5759/a000143 · Cited by 113
Self-citationSchema therapy conceptualization of personality functioning and traits in ICD-11 and DSM-5
Bach, B., & Bernstein, D. P. (2018) · Current Opinion in Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/yco.0000000000000464 · Cited by 100
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Metadata
- Authors
- Bach, B., Simonsen, E., Christoffersen, P., & Kriston, L.
- Affiliations
- Region Zealand (DK)
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- Psychiatric Clinic, Slagelse, Denmark
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (DE)
- Venue
- European Journal of Psychological Assessment
- Publisher
- Hogrefe Publishing Group
- Published
- 2017-03
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 134-143
- ISSN
- 1015-5759 (ISSN-L)
- 2151-2426
- OpenAlex
- W1950331061
- Cited by
- 171
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 5
- FWCI
- 14.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- European Journal of Psychological Assessment (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Keywords
- Young Schema Questionnaire, early maladaptive schemas, personality disorders, schema therapy, psychometric properties, reliability statistics, factor structure, Danish version
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