Birth, death, and resurrection: The life cycle of suprasubduction zone ophiolites

Shervais, John W.

doi:10.1029/2000gc000080

Cited by 542Geological and Geochemical AnalysisGeological and Geophysical StudiesGeochemistry and Elemental Analysis

Birth, death, and resurrection: The life cycle of suprasubduction zone ophiolites

Shervais, John W.·2001·Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems

DOI 10.1029/2000gc000080

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Abstract

Suprasubduction zone (SSZ) ophiolites display a consistent sequence of events during their formation and evolution that suggests that they form in response to processes that are common to all such ophiolites. This sequence includes the following: (1) birth, which entails the formation of the ophiolite above a nascent or reconfigured subduction zone; this stage is typically characterized by the eruption of arc tholeiite lavas and the formation of layered gabbros and sheeted dike complex; (2) youth, during which is continued melting of refractory asthenosphere (depleted during birth) occurs in response to fluid flux from the subducting slab, with extensional deformation of the older plutonic suite, eruption of refractory lavas, and the intrusion of wehrlite‐pyroxenite; (3) maturity, with the onset of semistable arc volcanism, typically calc‐alkaline, as the subduction zone matures and stabilizes, and the intrusion of quartz diorite and eruption of silicic lavas; and (4) death, which is the sudden demise of active spreading and ophiolite‐related volcanism, which in many cases is linked to collision with an active spreading center and the onset of shallow underthrusting of the buoyant spreading axis; expressed as dikes and lavas with oceanic basalt compositions that crosscut or overlie rocks of the older suites; (5) resurrection, with emplacement by obduction onto a passive margin or accretionary uplift with continued subduction. The early stages (1–3) may be diachronous, and each stage may overlap in both time and space. The existence of this consistent progression implies that ophiolite formation is not a stochastic event but is a natural consequence of the SSZ tectonic setting.

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Supercontinent formation requires the lateral accretion of formerly separate lithospheric terranes, which is facilitated today by seafloor spreading and concomitant destruction of intermediate oceanic lithosphere in subduction zones.
“Supercontinent formation (Section 3.2.4)requires the lateral accretion of formerly separate lithospheric terranes, which is facilitated today by seafloor spreading and concomitant destruction of intermediate oceanic lithosphere in subduction zones (Shervais, 2001;Harris, 2020).”
From Secular change and the onset of plate tectonics on Earth (2020) · cites this paper as Shervais, 2001

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The Del Puerto Canyon Remnant of the Great Valley Ophiolite: Geochemical and Age Constraints on its Formation and Evolution
Evarts, R. C. (1992) · AAPG Bulletin · doi:10.1306/f4c8f354-1712-11d7-8645000102c1865d · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Chronostratigraphic Assignment of Volcanopelagic Strata Above the Coast Range Ophiolite
(1992) · AAPG Bulletin · doi:10.1306/f4c8f408-1712-11d7-8645000102c1865d · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Formation and Deformation of the Coast Range Ophiolite and Related Rocks Near Paskenta, California
Blake, M. C. (1992) · AAPG Bulletin · doi:10.1306/f4c8f318-1712-11d7-8645000102c1865d · Cited by 4 · see citing works

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Subduction zones
Stern, R. J. (2002) · Reviews of Geophysics · doi:10.1029/2001rg000108 · Cited by 1,517 · see citing works
Ophiolite genesis and global tectonics: Geochemical and tectonic fingerprinting of ancient oceanic lithosphere
Dilek, Y., & Furnes, H. (2011) · Geological Society of America Bulletin · doi:10.1130/b30446.1 · Cited by 1,167 · see citing works
To understand subduction initiation, study forearc crust: To understand forearc crust, study ophiolites
Stern, R. J., Reagan, M., Ishizuka, O., Ohara, Y., & Whattam, S. (2012) · Lithosphere · doi:10.1130/l183.1 · Cited by 464 · see citing works
A new method of discriminating different types of post-Archean ophiolitic basalts and their tectonic significance using Th–Nb and Ce–Dy–Yb systematics
Saccani, E. (2015) · Geoscience Frontiers · doi:10.1016/j.gsf.2014.03.006 · Cited by 434 · see citing works
Secular change and the onset of plate tectonics on Earth
Palin, R. M., Santosh, M., Cao, W., Li, S.-S., Hernández-Uribe, D., & Parsons, A. (2020) · Earth-Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2020.103172 · Cited by 355 · see citing works
“Supercontinent formation (Section 3.2.4) requires the lateral accretion of formerly separate lithospheric terranes, which is facilitated today by seafloor spreading and concomitant destruction of intermediate oceanic lithosphere in subduction zones (Shervais, 2001; Harris, 2020).”
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Jadeitites and plate tectonics
Harlow, G. E., Tsujimori, T., & Sorensen, S. S. (2015) · Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences · doi:10.1146/annurev-earth-060614-105215 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Thermo-mechanical modeling of the obduction process based on the Oman ophiolite case
Duretz, T., Agard, P., Yamato, P., Ducassou, C., Burov, E. B., & Gerya, T. V. (2016) · Gondwana Research · doi:10.1016/j.gr.2015.02.002 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Obduction: Why, how and where. Clues from analog models
Agard, P., Zuo, X., Funiciello, F., Bellahsen, N., Faccenna, C., & Savva, D. (2014) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2014.02.021 · Cited by 46 · see citing works

An excursion in the French–Italian Alps: the ‘Atlantic’‐type ophiolite at Mont Chenaillet
Winterflood, I. (2001) · Geology Today · doi:10.1046/j.0266-6979.2001.00296.x · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Role of continental margin architecture in models of ophiolite emplacement
Ibragimov, I., & Moulas, E. (2023) · Journal of the Geological Society · doi:10.1144/jgs2023-063 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Ophiolite obduction and the Samail Ophiolite: the behaviour of the underlying margin
Gray, D. R., & Gregory, R. T. (2003) · Geological Society London Special Publications · doi:10.1144/gsl.sp.2003.218.01.23 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
A systematic investigation of ophiolite obduction resulting from the closure of small oceanic basins.
Ibragimov, I., & Moulas, E. (2023) · doi:10.5194/egusphere-egu23-7405
Palaeogeographical evolution of the Arabian platform during the obduction of the Samail ophiolite
Ducassou, C., Robin, C., Wohlwend, S., et al. (2014) · HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)

Authors: Shervais, J. W.
Affiliations: University of South Carolina (US)
Corresponding author: Shervais, John W.
ORCID: Shervais, John W.
Venue: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Published: 2001-01
Volume: 2
Issue: 1
ISSN: 1525-2027 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1029/2000gc000080
OpenAlex: W1654749589
Cited by: 542
References: 225
Citations by year: 2026: 12 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 33 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 30 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 31 · 2012: 26
FWCI: 12.64
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 30 d)
Locations: Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems (publishedVersion)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geophysics › Geological and Geochemical Analysis
Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geology › Geological and Geophysical Studies
Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geochemistry and Petrology › Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis
Keywords: subduction initiation, arc tholeiite, quartz diorite, calc-alkaline volcanism, obduction, layered gabbro, sheeted dike complex

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Birth, death, and resurrection: The life cycle of suprasubduction zone ophiolites

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