Komatiites, kimberlites, and boninites

Arndt, Nicholas

doi:10.1029/2002jb002157

Cited by 243Geological and Geochemical AnalysisGeochemistry and Elemental AnalysisAstro and Planetary Science

Komatiites, kimberlites, and boninites

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Arndt, Nicholas·2003·Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth

DOI 10.1029/2002jb002157

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Abstract

When the mantle melts, it produces ultramafic magma if the site of melting is unusually deep, the degree of melting is unusually high, or the source is refractory. For such melting to happen, the source must be unusually hot or very rich in volatiles. Differing conditions produce a spectrum of ultramafic magma types. Komatiites form by high degrees of melting, at great depths, of an essentially anhydrous source. Barberton‐type komatiites are moderately high degree melts from a particularly hot and deep source; Munro‐type komatiites are very high degree melts of a slightly cooler source. Kimberlites result from low‐degree melting, also at great depth, of sources rich in incompatible elements and CO2 + H2O. They become further enriched through interaction with overlying asthenospheric or lithospheric mantle. Boninites form by hydrous melting of metasomatized mantle above a subduction zone. Just like basalts, the different types of ultramafic magma, and the conditions in which they form, are readily identified using major and trace element criteria.

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Voluminous TTG generation in Archean plateau environments is perhaps unexpected based on comparison with differentiated modern-day examples, which are nominally anhydrous at depth.
“Voluminous TTG generation in Archean plateau environments is perhaps unexpected based on comparison with differentiated modern-day examples (e.g.Arndt, 2003), which are nominally anhydrous at depth”
From Secular change and the onset of plate tectonics on Earth (2020) · cites this paper as Arndt, 2003
The Introduction (§1, paragraph 2; page unavailable) says that modern ocean-island tholeiites form from a near-anhydrous mantle source, supporting the dryness comparison. It does not identify differentiated modern plateaus as the examples or discuss whether voluminous TTG generation in Archean plateaus would be unexpected. (LLM, conf=0.82)
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Authors: Arndt, N.
Affiliations: Pôle de recherche et d'enseignement supérieur Université de Grenoble (FR)
Corresponding author: Arndt, Nicholas
ORCID: Arndt, Nicholas
Venue: Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Published: 2003-06
Volume: 108
Issue: B6
Pages: B6 2293
ISSN: 0148-0227 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1029/2002jb002157
OpenAlex: W2000789282
Cited by: 243
References: 51
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 12
FWCI: 8.51
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 5 d)
Locations: Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres (publishedVersion)
HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geophysics › Geological and Geochemical Analysis
Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geochemistry and Petrology › Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis
Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Astro and Planetary Science
Keywords: komatiite, kimberlite, boninite, ultramafic magma, mantle melting, hydrous melting, metasomatized mantle, subduction zone, mantle source composition, trace element geochemistry, major element geochemistry

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