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Western Pacific coral δ18O records of anomalous Holocene variability in the El Niño–Southern Oscillation
Open accessAbstract
Skeletal oxygen isotope ratios in Holocene Porites corals from northern Papua New Guinea record decreases in sea surface temperature (SST) and rainfall during El Niño events. Threshold analysis of seven fossil coral δ 18 O records spanning the period 7.6–5.4 ka (thousand years ago) shows 8–12 El Niño events/century, significantly less than the 23 events/century recorded by the NINO3.4 Index. The coral reconstructions also show a 15% reduction in El Niño event amplitude for 7.6–5.4 ka, compared to today, which is greater than the suppression given by model studies. In contrast, large and protracted El Niño events are identified for 2.5–1.7 ka. Taken together, the results indicate a non‐linear atmospheric response to Holocene changes in El Niño SST anomalies. We propose that small changes in tropical SST gradients, the positioning of the Intertropical Convergence Zone, and the Pacific tradewind climatology modify the impact of El Niño events on western Pacific rainfall.
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Cited by
Holocene changes in eastern tropical Pacific climate inferred from a Galápagos lake sediment record
Conroy, J. L., Overpeck, J. T., Cole, J. E., Shanahan, T. M., & Steinitz-Kannan, M. (2008) · Quaternary Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2008.02.015 · Cited by 712
Highly Variable El Niño–Southern Oscillation Throughout the Holocene
Cobb, K. M., Westphal, N., Sayani, H. R., Watson, J. T., Di Lorenzo, E., Cheng, H., Edwards, R. L., & Charles, C. D. (2013) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1228246 · Cited by 484
El Niño–Southern Oscillation extrema in the Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum
Koutavas, A., & Joanides, S. (2012) · Paleoceanography · doi:10.1029/2012pa002378 · Cited by 345
Prehistoric maritime migration in the Pacific islands: an hypothesis of ENSO forcing
Anderson, A., Chappell, J., Gagan, M., & Grove, R. (2006) · The Holocene · doi:10.1191/0959683606hl901ft · Cited by 173
Self-citationReeves, J. M., Bostock, H. C., Ayliffe, L. K., Barrows, T. T., De Deckker, P., Devriendt, L. S., Dunbar, G. B., Drysdale, R. N., Fitzsimmons, K. E., Gagan, M. K., et al. (2013) · Quaternary Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.11.027 · Cited by 164
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Metadata
- Authors
- McGregor, H. V., & Gagan, M. K.
- Venue
- Geophysical Research Letters
- Publisher
- American Geophysical Union (AGU)
- Published
- 2004-06
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 11
- ISSN
- 0094-8276 (ISSN-L)
- 1944-8007
- OpenAlex
- W2149310644
- Cited by
- 179
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 7.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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- McGregor, H. V., & Gagan, M. K. (2004). Western Pacific coral δ18O records of anomalous Holocene variability in the El Niño–Southern Oscillation. Geophysical Research Letters. https://doi.org/10.1029/2004gl019972
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