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A global high‐resolution emission inventory for ammonia
Abstract
A global emissions inventory for ammonia (NH 3) has been compiled for the main known sources on a 1° × 1° grid, suitable for input to global atmospheric models. The estimated global emission for 1990 is about 54 Tg N yr−1. The major sources identified include excreta from domestic animals (21.6 Tg N yr−1) and wild animals (0.1 Tg N yr−1), use of synthetic N fertilizers (9.0 Tg N yr−1), oceans (8.2 Tg N yr−1), biomass burning (5.9 Tg N yr−1), crops (3.6 Tg N yr−1), human population and pets (2.6 Tg N yr−1), soils under natural vegetation (2.4 Tg N yr−1), industrial processes (0.2 Tg N yr−1), and fossil fuels (0.1 Tg N yr−1). About half of the global emission comes from Asia, and about 70% is related to food production. The regions with highest emission rates are located in Europe, the Indian subcontinent, and China, reflecting the patterns of animal densities and type and intensity of synthetic fertilizer use. The overall uncertainty in the global emission estimate is 25%, while the uncertainty in regional emissions is much greater. As the global human population will show considerable growth in the coming decades, food production and associated NH 3 emissions are likely to increase as well.
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Cites
Spatial and temporal distribution of tropical biomass burning
Hao, W. M., & Liu, M. (1994) · Global Biogeochemical Cycles · doi:10.1029/94gb02086 · Cited by 528
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Self-citationForecasting Agriculturally Driven Global Environmental Change
Tilman, D., Fargione, J., Wolff, B., D'Antonio, C., Dobson, A., Howarth, R., Schindler, D., Schlesinger, W. H., Simberloff, D., & Swackhamer, D. (2001) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1057544 · Cited by 3,992
The Global Methane Budget 2000–2017
Saunois, M., Stavert, A. R., Poulter, B., Bousquet, P., Canadell, J. G., Jackson, R. B., Raymond, P. A., Dlugokencky, E. J., Houweling, S., Patra, P. K., et al. (2019) · doi:10.5194/essd-2019-128 · Cited by 2,760
The Global Methane Budget 2000–2017
Saunois, M., Stavert, A. R., Poulter, B., Bousquet, P., Canadell, J. G., Jackson, R. B., Raymond, P. A., Dlugokencky, E. J., Houweling, S., Patra, P. K., et al. (2020) · Earth System Science Data · doi:10.5194/essd-12-1561-2020 · Cited by 2,711
Denitrification across landscapes and waterscapes: a synthesis
Seitzinger, S., Harrison, J. A., Böhlke, J. K., Bouwman, A. F., Lowrance, R., Peterson, B., Tobias, C., & Drecht, G. V. (2006) · Ecological Applications · doi:10.1890/1051-0761(2006)016[2064:dalawa]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 1,679
Metadata
- Authors
- Bouwman, A. F., Lee, D. S., Asman, W. A. H., Dentener, F. J., Van Der Hoek, K. W., & Olivier, J. G. J.
- Venue
- Global Biogeochemical Cycles
- Publisher
- American Geophysical Union (AGU)
- Published
- 1997-12
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 561-587
- ISSN
- 0886-6236 (ISSN-L)
- 1944-9224
- OpenAlex
- W2035757763
- Cited by
- 1,264
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 7.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Bouwman, A. F., Lee, D. S., Asman, W. A. H., Dentener, F. J., Van Der Hoek, K. W., & Olivier, J. G. J. (1997). A global high‐resolution emission inventory for ammonia. Global Biogeochemical Cycles. https://doi.org/10.1029/97gb02266
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