Cited by 323Geochemistry and Geologic MappingPlanetary Science and ExplorationMineralogy and Gemology Studies

Spectral reflectance of carbonate minerals in the visible and near infrared (0.35–2.55 um): Anhydrous carbonate minerals

Gaffey, Susan J.·1987·Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth

Abstract

Reflectance spectroscopy in the visible and near infrared (0.35–2.55 um) offers a rapid, inexpensive, nondestructive technique for determining the mineralogy and gaining information on the minor element chemistry of carbonate minerals and rocks. Spectra of all commonly occurring anhydrous end‐member carbonate minerals contain seven strong absorption bands at wavelengths >1.6 um due to vibrations of the carbonate radical. Positions, widths, and spacing between carbonate bands are diagnostic of mineralogy. Differences in positions of carbonate bands between spectra of different minerals are primarily due to differences in mass of the major cation, with cation electronegativity playing a secondary role. Spectra of calcite group minerals may contain absorption features due to transition metal cations such as Fe and Mn, which can also aid in mineral identification. Spectra confirm the occurrence of both cations in the divalent state. Fe 2+ produces a broad feature near 1.1 um whose position and degree of doubling are related to the size and degree of distortion of the octahedral site, as predicted by crystal field theory. Mn 2+ and Fe 2+ produce very strong absorption bands in the minerals for which they are the major cation (rhodochrosite and siderite, respectively), making it easy to distinguish these from other carbonate minerals, even when presence of water bands may make it difficult to determine accurately carbonate band positions.

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Crossref · 10.1029/jb092ib02p01429

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  • In Mg-rich carbonates (magnesite or even dolomite) all these spectral features occur at distinctly shorter wavelengths.

    “By contrast, in Mg-rich carbonates (magnesite or even dolomite) all these spectral features occur at distinctly shorter wavelengths.”

    From Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonate-bearing rocks on Mars (2016) · cites this paper as Gaffey, 1987

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Authors
Gaffey, S. J.
Corresponding author
Gaffey, Susan J.
Venue
Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
Published
1987-02-10
Volume
92
Issue
B2
Pages
1429-1440
ISSN
0148-0227 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2016376046
Cited by
323
References
38
Citations by year
2026: 24 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 12
FWCI
0.76
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Planetary Science and Exploration
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geochemistry and Petrology › Mineralogy and Gemology Studies
Keywords
carbonate minerals, spectral reflectance, rhodochrosite, siderite, transition metal ions, ferrous iron, manganese(II), crystal field theory, mineral identification, near-infrared spectroscopy, visible spectroscopy

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