Relational and physical forms of peer victimization in preschool.

Crick, Nicki R., Casas, Juan F., Ku, Hyon-Chin·1999·Developmental Psychology
DOI 10.1037//0012-1649.35.2.376

Abstract

Recent studies of peer victimization have demonstrated the importance of studying relational as well as physical forms of peer maltreatment for understanding children's social-psychological adjustment problems. Studies in this area have been limited thus far by a focus on school-age children (9-12-year-olds). Given the significance of early identification of children's social difficulties for intervention and prevention efforts, this research was designed to assess relational and physical peer victimization among preschool-age children (3-5-year-olds). Results indicated that boys were significantly more physically victimized than girls whereas girls were more relationally victimized. Both relational and physical victims experienced greater adjustment problems than did their peers. Relational victimization contributed unique information about adjustment beyond that provided by physical victimization.

Cites (1)

  1. Peer Interactions, Relationships, and Groups
    Rubin, Kenneth H., Bukowski, William M., Parker, Jeffrey G. · 2007 · Handbook of Child Psychology

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    Rose, Amanda J., Rudolph, Karen D. · 2006 · Psychological Bulletin
  2. Bullying victimization in youths and mental health problems: ‘Much ado about nothing’
    Arseneault, L., Bowes, L., Shakoor, S. · 2010 · Psychological Medicine
  3. Overt and Relational Aggression in Adolescents: Social-Psychological Adjustment of Aggressors and Victims
    Prinstein, Mitchell J., Boergers, Julie, Vernberg, Eric M. · 2001 · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology
  4. The development of aggressive behaviour during childhood: What have we learned in the past century?
    Tremblay, Richard E. · 2000 · International Journal of Behavioral Development
  5. The Association between Direct and Relational Bullying and Behaviour Problems among Primary School Children
    Wolke, Dieter, Woods, Sarah, Bloomfield, Linda, Karstadt, Lyn · 2000 · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry

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Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Relational and physical forms of peer victimization in preschool. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1037//0012-1649.35.2.376
The paper
Crick, N. R., Casas, J. F., & Ku, H.-C. (1999). Relational and physical forms of peer victimization in preschool. Developmental Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037//0012-1649.35.2.376

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