The DOI matches its Crossref record; 68 of the 70 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The stability of behavior: I. On predicting most of the people much of the time.
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Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“In contrast to scales that require respondents to recall their symptoms and emotional experiences over periods ranging from days to weeks, daily process methods can focus diary reports on a more limited time frame, from the past few moments to a single day, reducing the time between an experience and the report of that experience and thus the error variance of the measure (Epstein, 1979).”
From Mindfulness and cognitive-behavioral interventions for chronic pain: Differential effects on daily pain reactivity and stress reactivity (2015) · cites this paper as Epstein, 1979
In the citing paper
“Epstein [1979] and a subsequent literature present evidence against nonseparability and in favor of an”
From Personality Psychology and Economics (2011) · cites this paper as Epstein [1979]
In the citing paper
“He also establishes consistency (high levels of correlation) across the different types of measures.”
From Personality Psychology and Economics (2011) · cites this paper as Epstein [1979]
In the citing paper
“In four different studies, he presents compelling empirical evidence that, averaging over tasks and situations at a point in time, persons act in a predictable fashion with a high level of reliability ( 2 R of 0.6-0.8) of average behavior (”
From Personality Psychology and Economics (2011) · cites this paper as Epstein [1979]
In the citing paper
“Further, discount rates appear to vary inversely with the size of reward and vary with the type of reward offered.”
From Personality Psychology and Economics (2011) · cites this paper as [172]
Citations
Cites
Madison, P., & Mischel, W. (1968) · The American Journal of Psychology · doi:10.2307/1421067 · Cited by 4,346
Pattern and growth in personality
Allport, G. W. (1961) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 3,361
Personality: A Psychological Interpretation
Jenkins, J. G., & Allport, G. W. (1938) · The American Journal of Psychology · doi:10.2307/1415717 · Cited by 3,214
Toward a cognitive social learning reconceptualization of personality
Mischel, W. (1973) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/h0035002 · Cited by 3,181
Perception and the Representative Design of Psychological Experiments
Brunswik, E. (1956) · doi:10.1525/9780520350519 · Cited by 2,974
The two disciplines of scientific psychology.
Cronbach, L. J. (1957) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/h0043943 · Cited by 2,523
Beyond the two disciplines of scientific psychology.
Cronbach, L. J. (1975) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/h0076829 · Cited by 2,094
Personality: A Psychological Interpretation
Allport, G. W. (1962) · Cited by 1,578
Attitudes towards objects as predictors of single and multiple behavioral criteria.
Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1974) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/h0035872 · Cited by 1,341
The structure of human personality
Eysenck, H. J. (1953) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 1,322
Cited by
Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales.
Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.54.6.1063 · Cited by 32,433
Validation of the five-factor model of personality across instruments and observers.
McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T. (1987) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.52.1.81 · Cited by 6,404
Competing models of entrepreneurial intentions
Krueger, N. F., Reilly, M. D., & Carsrud, A. L. (2000) · Journal of Business Venturing · doi:10.1016/s0883-9026(98)00033-0 · Cited by 5,994
A Measure of Subjective Happiness: Preliminary Reliability and Construct Validation
Lyubomirsky, S., & Lepper, H. S. (1999) · Social Indicators Research · doi:10.1023/a:1006824100041 · Cited by 4,071
Mischel, W., & Shoda, Y. (1995) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.102.2.246 · Cited by 3,889
Metadata
- Authors
- Epstein, S.
- Affiliations
- University of Massachusetts Amherst (US)
- Corresponding author
- Epstein, Seymour
- Venue
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
- Published
- 1979-07
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1097-1126
- ISSN
- 0022-3514 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1315
- OpenAlex
- W2021461578
- Cited by
- 1,468
- References
- 70
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 42 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 36 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 33 · 2014: 41 · 2013: 53 · 2012: 54
- FWCI
- 57.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Reliability and Agreement in Measurement
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Keywords
- behavioral stability, personality traits, behavior prediction
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The stability of behavior: I. On predicting most of the people much of the time. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1037/0022-3514.37.7.1097
- The paper
- Epstein, S. (1979). The stability of behavior: I. On predicting most of the people much of the time. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.37.7.1097
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
