The DOI matches its Crossref record; 279 of the 280 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Risk and protective factors for alcohol and other drug problems in adolescence and early adulthood: implications for substance abuse prevention
Abstract
The authors suggest that the most promising route to effective strategies for the prevention of adolescent alcohol and other drug problems is through a risk-focused approach. This approach requires the identification of risk factors for drug abuse, identification of methods by which risk factors have been effectively addressed, and application of these methods to appropriate high-risk and general population samples in controlled studies. The authors review risk and protective factors for drug abuse, assess a number of approaches for drug abuse prevention potential with high-risk groups, and make recommendations for research and practice.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Environmental factors that have been consistently associated with the propensity to self-administer drugs include structural factors (eg, low socioeconomic status and associated lack of social support systems), proximal factors (eg, parental drug use and dependence, as per the DSM-IV, poor quality of parenting, parental depression, and sibling and peer influences), and more distal factors (eg, dru”
From Neurobiology of addiction: a neurocircuitry analysis (2016) · cites this paper as [177]
In the citing paper
“We know that individuals who grow up in a family where there is an SUD are at significantly higher risk to develop SUDs due to genetic and environmental factors (Hawkins, Catalano, & Miller, 1992).”
From The impact of substance use disorders on families and children: from theory to practice (2013) · cites this paper as Hawkins, Catalano, & Miller, 1992
In the citing paper
“Several theoretical models have viewed academic pursuits as a major component of mainstream (versus deviant) values, hence a positive connection with this domain is an important protective factor against becoming involved in substance use.”
From Assessment of culture and environment in the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development Study: Rationale, description of measures, and early data (2018) · cites this paper as Hawkins et al., 1992
In the citing paper
“Developmental studies link optimal parenting with less frequent problems in children in a range of domains, including mental and physical health, substance use, and academic achievement (1–3).”
From Long-term effects of parenting-focused preventive interventions to promote resilience of children and adolescents (2015) · cites this paper as [2]
Citations
Cites
Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change
Bandura, A. (1977) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.84.2.191 · Cited by 43,925
(1969) · Cited by 18,340
Handbook of research on teaching
Wittrock, M. C. (1986) · Bibliothèque et Archives nationales du Québec (Québec government) · Cited by 10,630
Attachment and Loss. Vol. 1. Attachment
Rever, G. W. (1972) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-197211000-00011 · Cited by 8,446
Gibbons, D. C., & Hirschi, T. (1970) · The Journal of Criminal Law Criminology and Police Science · doi:10.2307/1142213 · Cited by 5,215
Hirschi, T. (2017) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315081649 · Cited by 4,510
Resilience in the Face of Adversity
Rutter, M. L. (1985) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.147.6.598 · Cited by 3,689
Juvenile Delinquency and Urban Areas
Lyon, F. E., Shaw, C. R., & McKay, H. D. (1943) · Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology (1931-1951) · doi:10.2307/1137187 · Cited by 3,403
Problem Behavior and Psychosocial Development: A Longitudinal Study of Youth
Jessor, R., & Jessor, S. L. (1977) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 3,304
Peer relations and later personal adjustment: Are low-accepted children at risk?
Parker, J. G., & Asher, S. R. (1987) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037//0033-2909.102.3.357 · Cited by 2,962
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Confidence Limits for the Indirect Effect: Distribution of the Product and Resampling Methods
MacKinnon, D. P., Lockwood, C. M., & Williams, J. (2004) · Multivariate Behavioral Research · doi:10.1207/s15327906mbr3901_4 · Cited by 7,806
Protecting Adolescents From Harm: Findings From the National Longitudinal Study on Adolescent Health
Resnick, M. D. (1997) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1997.03550100049038 · Cited by 2,846
Neurobiology of addiction: a neurocircuitry analysis
Koob, G. F., & Volkow, N. D. (2016) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(16)00104-8 · Cited by 3,698
Adolescence and the social determinants of health
Viner, R. M., Ozer, E. M., Denny, S., Marmot, M., Resnick, M., Fatusi, A., & Currie, C. (2012) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(12)60149-4 · Cited by 2,199
When interventions harm: Peer groups and problem behavior.
Dishion, T. J., McCord, J., & Poulin, F. (1999) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.54.9.755 · Cited by 2,045
Metadata
- Authors
- Hawkins, J. D., Catalano, R. F., & Miller, J. Y.
- Affiliations
- University of Washington (US)
- Venue
- Psychological Bulletin
- Published
- 1992
- Volume
- 112
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 64-105
- ISSN
- 0033-2909 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1455
- OpenAlex
- W2047108558
- Cited by
- 5,428
- References
- 280
- Citations by year
- 2026: 68 · 2025: 79 · 2024: 62 · 2023: 86 · 2022: 113 · 2021: 99 · 2020: 178 · 2019: 150 · 2018: 157 · 2017: 165 · 2016: 206 · 2015: 230 · 2014: 255 · 2013: 228 · 2012: 255
- FWCI
- 45.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychological Bulletin (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA-03721, R01DA003721)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Youth, Drugs, and Violence
- Keywords
- substance use prevention, adolescent alcohol use, drug abuse, risk factors, protective factors, high-risk groups, early adulthood, adolescent substance use
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Adult, Alcoholism, Humans, Male, Risk Factors, Illicit Drugs, Substance-Related Disorders
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Risk and protective factors for alcohol and other drug problems in adolescence and early adulthood: implications for substance abuse prevention. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.64
- The paper
- Hawkins, J. D., Catalano, R. F., & Miller, J. Y. (1992). Risk and protective factors for alcohol and other drug problems in adolescence and early adulthood: implications for substance abuse prevention. Psychological Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.64
