The DOI matches its Crossref record; 181 of the 181 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A cognitive model of drug urges and drug-use behavior: role of automatic and nonautomatic processes
Abstract
Contemporary urge models assume that urges are necessary but not sufficient for the production of drug use in ongoing addicts, are responsible for the initiation of relapse in abstinent addicts, and can be indexed across 3 classes of behavior: verbal report, overt behavior, and somatovisceral response. A review of available data does not provide strong support for these assumptions. An alternative cognitive model of drug use and drug urges is proposed that hypothesizes that drug use in the addict is controlled by automatized action schemata. Urges are conceptualized as responses supported by nonautomatic cognitive processes activated in parallel with drug-use action schemata either in support of the schema or in support of attempts to block the execution of the schema. The implications of this model for the assessment of urge responding and drug-use behavior are presented.
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In the citing paper
“The inverse association between awareness of automaticity and opioid misuse risk observed in the present study is consistent with the cognitive processing model of addiction (Tiffany, 1990)”
From To be aware, or to accept, that is the question: Differential roles of awareness of automaticity and pain acceptance in opioid misuse (2023) · cites this paper as Tiffany, 1990
In the citing paper
“nonmedical use of prescription opioids may also be influenced by thoughts and behaviors that become automatized through repetition and encoded in memory schemas (Everitt & Robbins, 2016; Tiffany, 1990)”
From To be aware, or to accept, that is the question: Differential roles of awareness of automaticity and pain acceptance in opioid misuse (2023) · cites this paper as Tiffany, 1990
In the citing paper
“Impairments in frontal-executive function prevent effective inhibitory control of overlearned, highly stereotyped, cognitive and behavioral repertoires for drug seeking and consumption, also known as automatic drug use action schemas, 15,16”
Citations
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
The neural basis of drug craving: An incentive-sensitization theory of addiction
Robinson, T. (1993) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/0165-0173(93)90013-p · Cited by 7,346
Implementation intentions: Strong effects of simple plans.
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Self-regulation and depletion of limited resources: Does self-control resemble a muscle?
Muraven, M., & Baumeister, R. F. (2000) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.126.2.247 · Cited by 4,510
Goldstein, R. Z., & Volkow, N. D. (2002) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.159.10.1642 · Cited by 2,667
The role of the basal ganglia in habit formation
Yin, H. H., & Knowlton, B. J. (2006) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn1919 · Cited by 2,402
Metadata
- Authors
- Tiffany, S. T.
- Affiliations
- Purdue University West Lafayette (US)
- Corresponding author
- Tiffany, Stephen T.
- ORCID
- Tiffany, Stephen T.
- Venue
- Psychological Review
- Published
- 1990
- Volume
- 97
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 147-168
- ISSN
- 0033-295X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1471
- OpenAlex
- W1980103223
- Cited by
- 1,554
- References
- 181
- Citations by year
- 2026: 24 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 36 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 44 · 2020: 60 · 2019: 53 · 2018: 45 · 2017: 56 · 2016: 45 · 2015: 79 · 2014: 65 · 2013: 77 · 2012: 70
- FWCI
- 11.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychological Review (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- drug use behavior, addiction, relapse, automatic processes, cognitive models
- MeSH terms
- Alcohol Drinking, Alcoholism, Arousal, Humans, Motivation, Smoking, Substance-Related Disorders
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- Tiffany, S. T. (1990). A cognitive model of drug urges and drug-use behavior: role of automatic and nonautomatic processes. Psychological Review. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.97.2.147
