On the coordination of two-handed movements.

J. Scott Kelso, Dan L. Southard, David Goodman·1979·Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Perception & Performance
DOI 10.1037//0096-1523.5.2.229

Abstract

In a set of three experiments, we show that after an auditory "go" signal, subjects simultaneously initiate and terminate two-handed movements to targets of widely disparate difficulty. This is the case when the movements required are (a) lateral and away from the midline of the body (Experiment 1), (b) toward the midline of the body (Experiment 2), and (c) in the forward direction away from the body midline (Experiment 3). Kinematic data obtained from high-speed cinematography (200 frames/sec) point to a tight coordinative coupling between the two hands. Although the hands move at entirely different speeds to different points in space, times to peak velocity and acceleration are almost perfectly synchronous. We believe that the brain produces simultaneity of action as the optimal solution for the two-handed task by organizing functional groupings of muscles (coordinative structures) that are constrained to act as a single unit.

Cites (2)

  1. Experimental Design: Procedures for the Behavioral Sciences
    Kirk, Roger · 2013
  2. A Closed-Loop Theory of Motor Learning
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    Norman, Donald A., Shallice, Tim · 1986 · Consciousness and Self-Regulation
  3. Asymmetric Division of Labor in Human Skilled Bimanual Action: The Kinematic Chain as a Model
    Guiard, Yves · 1987 · Journal of Motor Behavior
  4. The coordination of movement: optimal feedback control and beyond
    Diedrichsen, Jörn, Shadmehr, Reza, Ivry, Richard B. · 2010 · Trends in Cognitive Sciences
  5. Maintaining excellence: Deliberate practice and elite performance in young and older pianists.
    Krampe, Ralf Th., Ericsson, K. Anders · 1996 · Journal of Experimental Psychology: General

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: On the coordination of two-handed movements. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1037//0096-1523.5.2.229
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Kelso, J. S., Southard, D. L., & Goodman, D. (1979). On the coordination of two-handed movements. Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Perception & Performance. https://doi.org/10.1037//0096-1523.5.2.229

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