The coordination of movement: optimal feedback control and beyond
Open accessAbstract
Optimal control theory and its more recent extension, optimal feedback control theory, provide valuable insights into the flexible and task-dependent control of movements. Here, we focus on the problem of coordination, defined as movements that involve multiple effectors (muscles, joints or limbs). Optimal control theory makes quantitative predictions concerning the distribution of work across multiple effectors. Optimal feedback control theory further predicts variation in feedback control with changes in task demands and the correlation structure between different effectors. We highlight two crucial areas of research, hierarchical control and the problem of movement initiation, that need to be developed for an optimal feedback control theory framework to characterise movement coordination more fully and to serve as a basis for studying the neural mechanisms involved in voluntary motor control.
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In the context of optimal feedback control, structured variability is thought to result from regularizations of the cost functions associated with movement generation, such as minimization of jerk or energy expenditure.
“In the context of optimal feedback control, such ‘structured variability’ is thought to result from regularizations of the cost functions associated with movement generation 52, such as the minimization of jerk 53 or energy expenditure.”
From A virtual rodent predicts the structure of neural activity across behaviours (2024) · cites this paper as [52]
Animals structure movement variability differently depending on the task, with variability preferentially quenched along task-relevant dimensions in accordance with the minimal intervention principle.
“It has been widely observed that animals structure movement variability differently depending on the task, with variability preferentially quenched along task-relevant dimensions in accordance with the minimal intervention principle 7,51,52.”
From A virtual rodent predicts the structure of neural activity across behaviours (2024) · cites this paper as [52]
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- Authors
- Diedrichsen, J., Shadmehr, R., & Ivry, R. B.
- Affiliations
- Bangor University (GB)
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- University of California, Berkeley (US)
- Corresponding author
- Diedrichsen, Jörn
- Venue
- Trends in Cognitive Sciences
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-01
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 31-39
- ISSN
- 1364-6613 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4350769
- OpenAlex
- W2092349579
- Cited by
- 577
- References
- 79
- Citations by year
- 2026: 28 · 2025: 60 · 2024: 37 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 43 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 38 · 2018: 47 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 36 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 26 · 2012: 36
- FWCI
- 1.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Trends in Cognitive Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/E009174/1)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD060306, HD-060306)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Free Will and Agency
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Muscle activation and electromyography studies
- Keywords
- motor coordination, optimal feedback control, optimal control, work distribution, hierarchical control, movement initiation, voluntary motor control
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Feedback, Humans, Models, Neurological, Movement, Psychomotor Performance
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