Invariance in automatic influences of memory: Toward a user's guide for the process-dissociation procedure.

Abstract

Three experiments investigated assumptions of the process-dissociation procedure for separating consciously controlled and automatic influences of memory. Conditions that encouraged direct retrieval revealed process dissociations. Manipulating attention during study or manipulating study time affected recollection but left automatic influences of memory relatively invariant. However, paradoxical dissociations were found when conditions encouraged use of a generate-recognize strategy, violating assumptions underlying the estimation procedure. Use of subjective reports to gain estimates produced parallel results. Easily observed correlations are shown to be not useful for testing assumptions underlying the process-dissociation procedure. A multinomial model produced results that agree with those from the process-dissociation approach.

Cites (2)

1. GPOWER: A general power analysis program
   Erdfelder, Edgar, Faul, Franz, Buchner, Axel · 1996 · Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers
2. How many memory systems are there?
   Tulving, Endel · 1985 · American Psychologist

Show all 2 references

Cited by (14)

1. The Nature of Recollection and Familiarity: A Review of 30 Years of Research
   Yonelinas, Andrew P · 2002 · Journal of Memory and Language
2. The restless mind
   Smallwood, Jonathan, Schooler, Jonathan W. · 2006 · Psychological Bulletin
3. Course of illness, hippocampal function, and hippocampal volume in major depression
   MacQueen, Glenda M., Campbell, Stephanie, McEwen, Bruce S., Macdonald, Kathryn, Amano, Shigeko, Joffe, Russell T., Nahmias, Claude, Young, L. Trevor · 2003 · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
4. Mind-wandering and dysphoria
   Smallwood, Jonathan, O'Connor, Rory C., Sudbery, Megan V., Obonsawin, Marc · 2007 · Cognition & Emotion
5. Individual differences in executive processing predict susceptibility to interference in verbal working memory.
   Hedden, Trey, Yoon, Carolyn · 2006 · Neuropsychology

See all 325