The DOI matches its Crossref record; 6 of the 6 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Human agency in social cognitive theory.
Abstract
The present article examines the nature and function of human agency within the conceptual model of triadic reciprocal causation. In analyzing the operation of human agency in this interactional causal structure, social cognitive theory accords a central role to cognitive, vicarious, self-reflective, and self-regulatory processes. The issues addressed concern the psychological mechanisms through which personal agency is exercised, the hierarchical structure of self-regulatory systems, eschewal of the dichotomous construal of self as agent and self as object, and the properties of a nondualistic but nonreductional conception of human agency. The relation of agent causality to the fundamental issues of freedom and determinism is also analyzed.
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In the citing paper
“we found that higher-and lower-rank employees described adaptive moves directed toward aspects of their work (or home) where they felt they had more efficacy and control.”
From Perceiving and responding to challenges in job crafting at different ranks: When proactivity requires adaptivity (2010) · cites this paper as Bandura, 1989
In the citing paper
“However, knowledge alone does not guarantee innovation.”
From AI teaching innovation behavior among college teachers: a structural equation modeling analysis based on the AI-TPACK framework, teaching self-efficacy, professional identity, and AI literacy (2026) · cites this paper as Bandura, 1989
In the citing paper
“Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) suggests that behavior depends not only on competence but also on self-efficacy beliefs and cognitive appraisal (Bandura, 1989).”
From AI teaching innovation behavior among college teachers: a structural equation modeling analysis based on the AI-TPACK framework, teaching self-efficacy, professional identity, and AI literacy (2026) · cites this paper as Bandura, 1989
In the citing paper
“According to Bandura (1989)’ SCT, when teachers strongly identify with their professional role, they form a positive self-concept, which enhances their confidence in addressing instructional challenges.”
From AI teaching innovation behavior among college teachers: a structural equation modeling analysis based on the AI-TPACK framework, teaching self-efficacy, professional identity, and AI literacy (2026) · cites this paper as Bandura, 1989
In the citing paper
“From the perspective of SCT, such competence may enhance teachers’ perceived control and mastery experiences when engaging with AI-supported instructional environments, thereby strengthening TSE (Bandura, 1989).”
From AI teaching innovation behavior among college teachers: a structural equation modeling analysis based on the AI-TPACK framework, teaching self-efficacy, professional identity, and AI literacy (2026) · cites this paper as Bandura, 1989
In the citing paper
“Social cognitive theory points out that the mutual interaction of one’s personal factors, behavior, and environment influences future behavioral performance [63].”
In the citing paper
“Notably, while this type of metacognitive mechanism remains to be established for interoception and allostasis, it has been shown for other domains of cognition, including low-level processes such as visual discrimination performance (Zacharopoulos et al., 2014), that a prior belief of mastery enhances the actual performance (for reviews, see Bandura, 1977, 1989).”
From Allostatic Self-efficacy: A Metacognitive Theory of Dyshomeostasis-Induced Fatigue and Depression (2016) · cites this paper as Bandura, 1989
In the citing paper
“Bandura's social theory of self‐efficacy 74 , 75 was used to understand the impact of youth‐led research, evaluation and knowledge application in adolescent health issues.”
From A systematic review of theories, models and frameworks used for youth engagement in health research (2024) · cites this paper as [74]
In the citing paper
“These models were based on research that mainly included people with relapsing-remitting MS or mixed samples of the MS population, so the relevance of all the predicting factors to people with progressive MS who may face different challenges and symptoms is not clear.”
From Key demographics and psychological skills associated with adjustment to progressive Multiple Sclerosis early in the diagnosis (2022) · cites this paper as [13]
Citations
Cites
“Stress: appraisal and coping,”
Folkman, S. (2013) · Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1005-9_215 · Cited by 27,833
Illusion and well‐being: A social psychological perspective on mental health
Taylor, S. E., & Brown, J. D. (1988) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.103.2.193 · Cited by 7,814
Self-evaluative and self-efficacy mechanisms governing the motivational effects of goal systems.
Bandura, A., & Cervone, D. (1983) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.45.5.1017 · Cited by 1,511
Self-citationSelf-efficacy conception of anxiety
Bandura, A. (1988) · Anxiety Research · doi:10.1080/10615808808248222 · Cited by 801 · cited 6×
“Through such inefficacious thought they distress themselves and constrain and impair their level of functioning ( Bandura, 1988b, 1988c; Lazarus & Folkman, 1984; Meichenbaum, 1977; Sarason, 1975).”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationExpectations and Performance: An Empirical Test of Bandura's Self-efficacy Theory
Weinberg, R., Gould, D., & Jackson, A. (1979) · Journal of Sport Psychology · doi:10.1123/jsp.1.4.320 · Cited by 315
Impact of perceived self-efficacy in coping with stressors on components of the immune system.
Wiedenfeld, S. A., O'Leary, A., Bandura, A., Brown, S., Levine, S., & Raska, K. (1990) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.59.5.1082 · Cited by 262
Self-citation
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The "what" and "why" of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000) · Psychological Inquiry · doi:10.1207/s15327965pli1104_01 · Cited by 34,210
Illusion and well‐being: A social psychological perspective on mental health
Taylor, S. E., & Brown, J. D. (1988) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.103.2.193 · Cited by 7,814
Perceived Behavioral Control, Self‐Efficacy, Locus of Control, and the Theory of Planned Behavior 1
Ajzen, I. (2002) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.2002.tb00236.x · Cited by 7,629
Social cognitive theory of self-regulation
Bandura, A. (1991) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/0749-5978(91)90022-l · Cited by 6,875
Self-citationSelf-Efficacy Beliefs in Academic Settings
Pajares, F. (1996) · Review of Educational Research · doi:10.2307/1170653 · Cited by 4,688
Metadata
- Authors
- Bandura, A.
- Affiliations
- Stanford University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bandura, Albert
- Venue
- American Psychologist
- Published
- 1989
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1175-1184
- ISSN
- 0003-066X (ISSN-L)
- 1935-990X
- OpenAlex
- W2153403719
- Cited by
- 8,263
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 356 · 2025: 506 · 2024: 519 · 2023: 528 · 2022: 534 · 2021: 453 · 2020: 631 · 2019: 452 · 2018: 417 · 2017: 347 · 2016: 348 · 2015: 341 · 2014: 330 · 2013: 295 · 2012: 318
- FWCI
- 26.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Psychologist (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH-5162-25)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Free Will and Agency
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Critical Realism in Sociology
- Keywords
- human agency, social cognitive theory, self-regulation, observational learning, self-reflection, non-dualism, freedom and determinism, cognitive processes
- MeSH terms
- Cognition, Humans, Internal-External Control, Motivation, Social Behavior, Social Environment
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