Cited by 3,272Emotions and Moral BehaviorAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesPsychological Testing and Assessment

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 5 of the 5 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Progress on a cognitive-motivational-relational theory of emotion

Lazarus, Richard S.·1991·American Psychologist

DOI 10.1037/0003-066x.46.8.819

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

The 2 main tasks of this article are 1st, to examine what a theory of emotion must do and basic issues that it must address. These include definitional issues, whether or not physiological activity should be a defining attribute, categorical versus dimensional strategies, the reconciliation of biological universals with sociocultural sources of variability, and a classification of the emotions. The 2nd main task is to apply an analysis of appraisal patterns and the core relational themes that they produce to a number of commonly identified emotions. Anger, anxiety, sadness, and pride (to include 1 positive emotion) are used as illustrations. The purpose is to show the capability of a cognitive-motivational-relational theory to explain and predict the emotions. The role of coping in emotion is also discussed, and the article ends with a response to criticisms of a phenomenological, folk-theory outlook.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1037/0003-066x.46.8.819

Cites

0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

The publisher hasn’t deposited this paper’s reference list.

Sorted by citations

Items 701–800 of 1,006

Legal blame: how jurors think and talk about accidents
(2000) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.38-2417 · Cited by 46
The Impact of Affect on the Perception of Fake News on Social Media: A Systematic Review
Ali Adeeb, R., & Mirhoseini, M. (2023) · Social Sciences · doi:10.3390/socsci12120674 · Cited by 45
Emotional Labor in Sports Coaching: Development of a Model
Lee, Y. H., Chelladurai, P., & Kim, Y. (2015) · International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching · doi:10.1260/1747-9541.10.2-3.561 · Cited by 46
Neural correlates of envy: Regional homogeneity of resting-state brain activity predicts dispositional envy
Xiang, Y., Kong, F., Wen, X., Wu, Q., & Mo, L. (2016) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.08.003 · Cited by 47
Getting Our Act Together: Toward a General Model of Self-Control
Magen, E., & Gross, J. J. (2010) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195391381.003.0018 · Cited by 45
Teacher Stress Predicts Child Executive Function: Moderation by School Poverty
Neuenschwander, R., Friedman‐Krauss, A. H., Raver, C., & Blair, C. (2017) · Early Education and Development · doi:10.1080/10409289.2017.1287993 · Cited by 52
Affective Technology Acceptance Model: Extending Technology Acceptance Model with Positive and Negative Affect
Hoong, A. L. S., Thi, L. S., & Lin, M. (2017) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.70351 · Cited by 44
An affective paradigm for educational leadership theory and practice: connecting affect, actions, power and influence
James, C., Crawford, M., & Oplatka, İ. (2018) · International Journal of Leadership in Education · doi:10.1080/13603124.2018.1481536 · Cited by 47
A qualitative cognitive appraisal of tourist harassment
Otoo, F. E., Badu‐Baiden, F., & Kim, S. (2019) · International Journal of Tourism Research · doi:10.1002/jtr.2274 · Cited by 44
Emotions Are Motivating
MacIntyre, P. D., Ross, J., & Clément, R. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-28380-3_9 · Cited by 51
Political skill in the stressor - strain relationship: A meta-analytic update and extension
Summers, J. K., Munyon, T. P., Brouer, R. L., Pahng, P. H., & Ferris, G. R. (2020) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2019.103372 · Cited by 44
Emotions and Financial Decision Making
Zaleśkiewicz, T., & Traczyk, J. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-45500-2_6 · Cited by 51
Anger in relation to school learning
Boekaerts, M. (1994) · Learning and Instruction · doi:10.1016/0959-4752(93)90019-v · Cited by 44
Mexican American Women in a Rural Area and Barriers to Their Ability to Enact Protective Behaviors Against Breast Cancer
Hubbell, A. P. (2006) · Health Communication · doi:10.1207/s15327027hc2001_4 · Cited by 44
Keeping pace with the times: research on the impact of digital leadership on radical green innovation of manufacturing enterprises
Tian, H.-N., Han, J., Sun, M., & Lv, X. (2023) · European Journal of Innovation Management · doi:10.1108/ejim-11-2022-0647 · Cited by 48
How do Chinese undergraduates harness the potential of appraisal and emotions in generative AI-Powered learning? A multigroup analysis based on appraisal theory
Wang, C., & Yin, H. (2025) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2025.105250 · Cited by 48
Fear of the new technology: Investigating the factors that influence individual attitudes toward generative Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Wang, G., Obrenovic, B., Gu, X., & Godinić, D. (2025) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-025-07357-2 · Cited by 52
User Experience in Digital Games
Takatalo, J., Häkkinen, J. P., Kaistinen, J., & Nyman, G. (2010) · Simulation & Gaming · doi:10.1177/1046878110378353 · Cited by 43
ALEKSİTİMİ: KURAMSAL ÇERÇEVE TEDAVİ YAKLAŞIMLARI ve İLGİLİ ARAŞTIRMALAR
Koçak, R. (2002) · Ankara Universitesi Egitim Bilimleri Fakultesi Dergisi · doi:10.1501/egifak_0000000056 · Cited by 43
The Antecedents and Consequences of Customer Hedonism in Hospitality Services
Lim, W. M. (2013) · Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management · doi:10.1080/19368623.2014.846838 · Cited by 43
Appraisal theory and emotional sequelae of first visit to colposcopy following an abnormal cervical screening result
Orbell, S., Hagger, M. S., Brown, V., & TIDY, J. A. (2004) · British Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1348/1359107042304560 · Cited by 43
Employee expectations and intrinsic motivation: work-related boredom as a mediator
Gkorezis, P., & Kastritsi, A. (2017) · Employee Relations · doi:10.1108/er-02-2016-0025 · Cited by 52
Who needs a reason to indulge? Happiness following reason-based indulgent consumption
Petersen, F. E., Dretsch, H. J., & Loureiro, Y. K. (2017) · International Journal of Research in Marketing · doi:10.1016/j.ijresmar.2017.09.003 · Cited by 45
Shared mechanisms may support mnemonic benefits from self-referencing and emotion
Gutchess, A., & Kensinger, E. (2018) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2018.05.001 · Cited by 34
Social Second Screen: WhatsApp and Watching the World Cup
Weimann-Saks, D., Ariel, Y., & Elishar-Malka, V. (2020) · Communication & Sport · doi:10.1177/2167479518821913 · Cited by 41
Panic Attack: How Illegitimate Invasions of Privacy Cause Consumer Anxiety and Dissatisfaction
Jones, C. L. E., Stevens, J. L., Noble, S. M., & Breazeale, M. J. (2019) · Journal of Public Policy & Marketing · doi:10.1177/0743915619870480 · Cited by 43
When do abusive leaders experience guilt?
Shum, C. W. S., Ausar, K., & Tu, M. (2020) · International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management · doi:10.1108/ijchm-05-2019-0474 · Cited by 44
Perception value of product-service systems: Neural effects of service experience and customer knowledge
Zhao, M., & Wang, X. (2021) · Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services · doi:10.1016/j.jretconser.2021.102617 · Cited by 52
A percentage-off discount versus free surcharge: The impact of promotion type on hotel consumers’ responses
Lim, S., & Ok, C. “. (2022) · Tourism Management · doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2022.104504 · Cited by 47
Work–family conflicts and job attitudes of single women: a developing country perspective
Sidani, Y. M., & Hakim, Z. T. A. (2011) · The International Journal of Human Resource Management · doi:10.1080/09585192.2011.579919 · Cited by 43
Coping and psychological distress in hospitalized patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Andenæs, R., Kalfoss, M. H., & Wahl, A. K. (2006) · Heart & Lung · doi:10.1016/j.hrtlng.2005.09.009 · Cited by 43
Locating anger in the hierarchical structure of affect: Comment on Carver and Harmon-Jones (2009).
Watson, D. (2009) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0014413 · Cited by 43
A bibliometric analysis of research on tourism content marketing: Background knowledge and thematic evolution
Nguyen, P. M. B., Pham, X. L., & Truong, G. N. T. (2023) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13487 · Cited by 71
Institutional Pressures, Policy Attention, and e-Government Service Capability: Evidence from China’s Prefecture-Level Cities
Pan, T., & Fan, B. (2023) · Public Performance & Management Review · doi:10.1080/15309576.2023.2169834 · Cited by 42
Acceptance of artificial intelligence devices in banking services: moderation role of technology anxiety and risk aversion
Cintamür, İ. G. (2024) · International Journal of Bank Marketing · doi:10.1108/ijbm-10-2023-0563 · Cited by 54
Perceived Autonomy Support and Behavioral Engagement in Physical Education: A Conditional Process Model of Positive Emotion and Autonomous Motivation
Yoo, J. E. (2015) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.2466/06.pms.120v20x8 · Cited by 48
Dealing with emotions: medical undergraduates’ preferences in sharing their experiences
de Vries-Erich, J., Dornan, T., Boerboom, T., Jaarsma, D. A. D. C., & Helmich, E. (2016) · Medical Education · doi:10.1111/medu.13004 · Cited by 42
Sustainable culinary tourism and Cevicherías: a stakeholder and social practice approach
Alonso, A. D., Kok, S. K., & O’Brien, S. (2017) · Journal of Sustainable Tourism · doi:10.1080/09669582.2017.1414224 · Cited by 47
Goal Difficulty and Creative Performance: The Mediating Role of Stress Appraisal
Espedido, A., & Searle, B. J. (2018) · Human Performance · doi:10.1080/08959285.2018.1499024 · Cited by 46
Narcolepsy and emotional experience: a review of the literature
Schiappa, C., Scarpelli, S., D’Atri, A., Gorgoni, M., & Gennaro, L. D. (2018) · Behavioral and Brain Functions · doi:10.1186/s12993-018-0151-x · Cited by 46
Rise and fall of complainants’ desires: The role of pre-failure brand commitment and online service recovery satisfaction
Weitzl, W., & Hutzinger, C. (2019) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2019.02.029 · Cited by 53
Negative Affect and Addiction
Kassel, J. D., Greenstein, J. E., Evatt, D. P., Roesch, L. L., Veilleux, J. C., Wardle, M. C., & Yates, M. C. (2007) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012370632-4/50011-5 · Cited by 43
Communicate like humans? Anthropomorphism and hotel consumers’ willingness to pay a premium price
Li, F. S., Su, Q., Guan, J., & Zhang, G. (2023) · Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management · doi:10.1016/j.jhtm.2023.08.008 · Cited by 41
Elite Athletes’ In-event Competitive Anxiety Responses and Psychological Skills Usage under Differing Conditions
Hagan, J. E., Pollmann, D., & Schack, T. (2017) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02280 · Cited by 41
Goal achievement, subsequent user effort and the moderating role of goal difficulty
Gutt, D., von Rechenberg, T., & Kundisch, D. (2018) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.06.019 · Cited by 48
Trigger warnings as an interpersonal emotion-regulation tool: Avoidance, attention, and affect depend on beliefs
Gainsburg, I., & Earl, A. N. (2018) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2018.08.006 · Cited by 43
The Routledge Companion to Wellbeing at Work
Demerouti, E., Heuvel, M. V. D., Xanthopoulou, D., Dubbelt, L., & Gordon, H. J. (2017) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315665979 · Cited by 50
The Role of Dispositional Mindfulness and Self-compassion in Educator Stress
Hwang, Y., Medvedev, O. N., Krägeloh, C., Hand, K., Noh, J., & Singh, N. N. (2019) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-019-01183-x · Cited by 50
Mothers’ Perceptions of Quality of Family-Centered Care and Environmental Stressors in Neonatal Intensive Care Units: Predictors of and Relationships with Psycho-emotional Outcomes and Postpartum Attachment
Kim, A. R., Tak, Y. R., Shin, Y. S., Yun, E. H., Park, H., & Lee, H. J. (2020) · Maternal and Child Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10995-020-02876-9 · Cited by 41
Public Support for COVID-19 Responses: Cultural Cognition, Risk Perception, and Emotions
Liu, Z., & Yang, J. Z. (2021) · Health Communication · doi:10.1080/10410236.2021.1965710 · Cited by 41
Determinants of Coping Responses Among Mexican American Adolescents
Guinn, B., & Vincent, V. C. (2002) · Journal of School Health · doi:10.1111/j.1746-1561.2002.tb06536.x · Cited by 41
The Affective Model of Far-Right Vote in Europe: Anger, Political Trust, and Immigration
Erişen, C., & Vasilopoulou, S. (2022) · Social Science Quarterly · doi:10.1111/ssqu.13153 · Cited by 40
Factors Affecting the Use of ChatGPT for Obtaining Shopping Information
Foroughi, B., Iranmanesh, M. H., Yadegaridehkordi, E., Wen, J., Ghobakhloo, M., Senali, M. G., & Annamalai, N. (2024) · International Journal of Consumer Studies · doi:10.1111/ijcs.70008 · Cited by 39
A positive approach to stress, resistance, and organizational change
Tavakoli, M. (2010) · Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.07.366 · Cited by 40
How Affective Science Can Inform Clinical Science
Tracy, J. L., Klonsky, E. D., & Hajcak, G. (2014) · Clinical Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/2167702614537627 · Cited by 43
Concepts and structures of emotions.
Shuman, V., & Scherer, K. R. (2014) · doi:10.4324/9780203148211-7 · Cited by 42
“The Program Affects Me ’Cause it Gives Away Stress”: Urban Students’ Qualitative Perspectives on Stress and a School-Based Mindful Yoga Intervention
Dariotis, J. K., Cluxton‐Keller, F., Mirabal‐Beltran, R., Gould, L. F., Greenberg, M. T., & Mendelson, T. (2016) · EXPLORE · doi:10.1016/j.explore.2016.08.002 · Cited by 48
A Grounded Theory Study of the Development of Trans Youths’ Awareness of Coping with Gender Identity
Budge, S. L., Belcourt, S., Conniff, J., Parks, R. B., Pantalone, D. W., & Katz‐Wise, S. L. (2018) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-018-1136-y · Cited by 40
Having a whale of a time: Linking self-determination theory (SDT), job characteristics model (JCM) and motivation to the joy of gig work
Zaman, U., Nawaz, S., Javed, A., & Rasul, T. (2020) · Cogent Business & Management · doi:10.1080/23311975.2020.1807707 · Cited by 63
The effect of flight delay on customer loyalty intention: The moderating role of emotion regulation
Li, S., Jiang, Y., Cheng, B., & Scott, N. (2021) · Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management · doi:10.1016/j.jhtm.2021.03.004 · Cited by 40
Treat for affection? Customers’ differentiated responses to pro-customer deviance
Hu, J., Ma, X., Xu, X., & Liu, Y. (2022) · Tourism Management · doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2022.104619 · Cited by 42
Symptomatology in adolescents following initial disclosure of sexual abuse: the roles of crisis support, appraisals and coping.
Bal, S., Crombez, G., de Bourdeaudhuij, I., & van Oost, P. (2009) · International Journal of Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2008.11.006 · Cited by 36
Do women with high‐grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia prefer a see and treat option in colposcopy?
Balasubramani, L., Orbell, S., Hagger, M. S., et al. (2006) · BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2006.01160.x · Cited by 40
Preliminary evidence for differential effects of integral and incidental emotions on risk perception and behavioral intentions: A meta‐analysis of eight experiments
Ferrer, R. A., & Ellis, E. M. (2020) · Journal of Behavioral Decision Making · doi:10.1002/bdm.2209 · Cited by 39
The affective impact of sightseeing bus tour experiences: using Affective Events Theory (AET) to examine length-of-stay and electronic word-of-mouth
Stylos, N. D., Bigné, E., & Bellou, V. (2022) · Tourism Recreation Research · doi:10.1080/02508281.2022.2101273 · Cited by 39
Network to passion or passion to network? Disentangling entrepreneurial passion selection and contagion effects among peers and teams in a startup accelerator
Becker, K. H., Ebbers, J. J., & Engel, Y. (2023) · Journal of Business Venturing · doi:10.1016/j.jbusvent.2023.106299 · Cited by 41
Can Multimodal Large Language Models Enhance Performance Benefits Among Higher Education Students? An Investigation Based on the Task–Technology Fit Theory and the Artificial Intelligence Device Use Acceptance Model
Al-Dokhny, A. A., Alismaiel, O. A., Youssif, S., Nasr, N., Drwish, A. M., & Samir, A. (2024) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su162310780 · Cited by 53
Pre-service teachers in PE involved in an organizational critical incident: emotions, appraisal and coping strategies
Vandercleyen, F., Boudreau, P., Carlier, G., & Delens, C. (2012) · Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy · doi:10.1080/17408989.2012.732564 · Cited by 46
Relationships among three facets of family-supportive work environments, work–family conflict and job satisfaction: a research in Greece
Glaveli, Ν., Karassavidou, E., & Zafiropoulos, K. (2013) · The International Journal of Human Resource Management · doi:10.1080/09585192.2013.778317 · Cited by 39
Trans individuals’ facilitative coping: An analysis of internal and external processes.
Budge, S. L., Chin, M. Y., & Minero, L. P. (2017) · Journal of Counseling Psychology · doi:10.1037/cou0000178 · Cited by 47
Linking emotion and place on Twitter at Disneyland
Park, S. B., Kim, H. J., & Ok, C. “. (2017) · Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing · doi:10.1080/10548408.2017.1401508 · Cited by 40
The anger-infused Ultimatum Game: A reliable and valid paradigm to induce and assess anger.
Gilam, G., Abend, R., Shani, H., Ben‐Zion, Z., & Hendler, T. (2018) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/emo0000435 · Cited by 43
Emotional paths leading to opportunity desirability and feasibility beliefs through controllability
Ivanova, S., Treffers, T., & Langerak, F. (2018) · International Small Business Journal Researching Entrepreneurship · doi:10.1177/0266242617751596 · Cited by 39
Appraisals and emotion regulation mediate the effects of identity salience and cumulative stressors and traumas, on PTG and mental health: The case of Syrian’s IDPs and refugees
Kira, I. A., Shuwiekh, H. A. M., Ibraheem, B. A., & Aljakoub, J. (2018) · Self and Identity · doi:10.1080/15298868.2018.1451361 · Cited by 39
Social media revenge: A typology of online consumer revenge
Obeidat, Z. M., Xiao, S. H., Qasem, Z., Al-dweeri, R. M., & Obeidat, A. (2018) · Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services · doi:10.1016/j.jretconser.2018.09.010 · Cited by 40
Does feedback matter for job search self‐regulation? It depends on feedback quality
Chawla, N., Gabriel, A. S., Veiga, S. P. D. M., & Slaughter, J. E. (2019) · Personnel Psychology · doi:10.1111/peps.12320 · Cited by 46
Relationships of Online Social Comparison and Parenting Satisfaction among New Mothers: The Mediating Roles of Belonging and Emotion
Amaro, L. M., Joseph, N. T., & Santos, T. M. D. L. (2019) · Journal of Family Communication · doi:10.1080/15267431.2019.1586711 · Cited by 39
Experience, vulnerability, or overload? Emotional job demands as moderator in trajectories of emotional well-being and job satisfaction across the working lifespan.
Reh, S., Wieck, C., & Scheibe, S. (2021) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/apl0000859 · Cited by 44
An extended reciprocity cycle of gratitude: How gratitude strengthens existing and initiates new customer relationships
Bock, D. E., Thomas, V. L., Wolter, J. S., Saenger, C., & Xu, P. (2021) · Psychology and Marketing · doi:10.1002/mar.21456 · Cited by 41
Procrastination is not only a “thief of time”, but also a thief of happiness: it buffers the beneficial effects of telework on well-being via daily micro-events of IT workers
Silva, A. J., Neves, P., & Caetano, A. (2022) · International Journal of Manpower · doi:10.1108/ijm-05-2022-0223 · Cited by 46
Concurrent and longitudinal relations among conscientiousness, stress, and self-perceived physical health
Luo, J., & Roberts, B. W. (2015) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2015.10.004 · Cited by 41
The effects of social media virality metrics, message framing, and perceived susceptibility on cancer screening intention: The mediating role of fear
Lee-Won, R. J., Na, K., & Coduto, K. D. (2017) · Telematics and Informatics · doi:10.1016/j.tele.2017.06.002 · Cited by 41
Anxiety and patient participation in clinical decision-making: The case of patients with ureteral calculi
Margalith, I., & Shapiro, A. (1997) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0277-9536(96)00357-7 · Cited by 39
Teachers’ Daily Negative Emotions in Interactions With Individual Students in Special Education
Koenen, A.-K., Vervoort, E., Kelchtermans, G., Verschueren, K., & Spilt, J. L. (2017) · Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders · doi:10.1177/1063426617739579 · Cited by 52
Sadness speeds and disgust drags: Influence of motivational direction on time perception in negative affect.
Gable, P. A., Neal, L., & Poole, B. D. (2016) · Motivation Science · doi:10.1037/mot0000044 · Cited by 39
Human behavior inside and outside bureaucracy: Lessons from psychology
Nørgaard, A. S. (2018) · Journal of Behavioral Public Administration · doi:10.30636/jbpa.11.13 · Cited by 43
Emotion regulation as a mediator of the influence of science teacher emotions on teacher efficacy beliefs
Uzuntiryaki-Kondakçı, E., Kırbulut, Z. D., Sarici, E., & Oktay, Ö. (2020) · Educational Studies · doi:10.1080/03055698.2020.1793300 · Cited by 39
When complexity becomes interesting
van der Sluis, F., van den Broek, E. L., Glassey, R. J., van Dijk, E. M. A. G., & de Jong, F. M. G. (2014) · Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology · doi:10.1002/asi.23095 · Cited by 40
Temperament and Personality Theory: The Perspective of Cognitive-Experiential Self-Theory
Teglasi, H., & Epstein, S. J. (1998) · School Psychology Review · doi:10.1080/02796015.1998.12085936 · Cited by 38
Emotion in Organizations: A Review in StagesPreprint
Elfenbein, H. A. (2007) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 38
Digital transformation for crisis preparedness: service employees’ perspective
Leo, C., Laud, G., & Chou, C. Y. (2022) · Journal of Services Marketing · doi:10.1108/jsm-07-2021-0249 · Cited by 47
Intolerance of uncertainty and information-seeking behavior: Experimental manipulation of threat relevance
Bartoszek, G., Ranney, R. M., Curanovic, I., Costello, S. J., & Behar, E. (2022) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2022.104125 · Cited by 44
It's Amazing – But Terrifying!: Unveiling the Combined Effect of Emotional and Cognitive Trust on Organizational Member' Behaviours, AI Performance, and Adoption
Vuori, N., Burkhard, B., & Pitkäranta, L. (2025) · Journal of Management Studies · doi:10.1111/joms.13177 · Cited by 54
Relationship between work-family conflict and job satisfaction: The moderating effect of gender and the salience of family and work roles
Calvo‐Salguero, A., José, M., & de Lecea, S.-M. (2010) · Institutional Repository of the University of Granada (University of Granada) · doi:10.5897/ajbm.9000487 · Cited by 36
The Angry Juror: Sentencing Decisions in First‐Degree Murder
Georges, L. S., Wiener, R. L., & Keller, S. R. (2012) · Applied Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1002/acp.2880 · Cited by 37
Feelings of pride are associated with grit in student-athletes and recreational runners
Gilchrist, J. D., Fong, A. J., Herbison, J. D., & Sabiston, C. M. (2017) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2017.12.009 · Cited by 44
“I have to watch my back”: Exploring Chinese hotel guests’ generalized distrust and coping behavior
Ying, T., Tan, X., Wei, W., Zheng, Y., Ye, S., & Wu, M.-Y. (2021) · Tourism Management · doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2021.104355 · Cited by 37
The Role of Emotions in Middle Managers’ Sensemaking and Sensegiving Practices During Post-merger Integration
Kroon, D. P., & Reif, H. (2021) · Group & Organization Management · doi:10.1177/10596011211037789 · Cited by 46
Specificity in the Study of Mixed Emotions: A Theoretical Framework
Oh, V. Y. S., & Tong, E. M. W. (2022) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1177/10888683221083398 · Cited by 42
MindPhone: Mindful Reflection at Unlock Can Reduce Absentminded Smartphone Use
Terzimehić, N., Haliburton, L., Greiner, P., Schmidt, A., Hußmann, H., & Mäkelä, V. (2022) · Designing Interactive Systems Conference · doi:10.1145/3532106.3533575 · Cited by 37

Authors: Lazarus, R. S.
Affiliations: University of California, Berkeley (US)
Corresponding author: Lazarus, Richard S.
Venue: American Psychologist
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 1991
Volume: 46
Issue: 8
Pages: 819-834
ISSN: 0003-066X (ISSN-L)
1935-990X
DOI: 10.1037/0003-066x.46.8.819
OpenAlex: W4234372245
Cited by: 3,272
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 217 · 2025: 268 · 2024: 219 · 2023: 192 · 2022: 191 · 2021: 221 · 2020: 208 · 2019: 210 · 2018: 161 · 2017: 179 · 2016: 133 · 2015: 110 · 2014: 101 · 2013: 108 · 2012: 81
FWCI: 31.55
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: American Psychologist (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Emotions and Moral Behavior
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Psychological Testing and Assessment
Keywords: cognitive-motivational-relational theory, emotions, emotion theory, motivation, cognition, emotion regulation
MeSH terms: Cognition, Emotions, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Motivation, Psychological Theory

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Progress on a cognitive-motivational-relational theory of emotion

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks