Cited by 3,272Emotions and Moral BehaviorAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesPsychological Testing and Assessment

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Progress on a cognitive-motivational-relational theory of emotion

Lazarus, Richard S.·1991·American Psychologist

DOI 10.1037/0003-066x.46.8.819

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Abstract

The 2 main tasks of this article are 1st, to examine what a theory of emotion must do and basic issues that it must address. These include definitional issues, whether or not physiological activity should be a defining attribute, categorical versus dimensional strategies, the reconciliation of biological universals with sociocultural sources of variability, and a classification of the emotions. The 2nd main task is to apply an analysis of appraisal patterns and the core relational themes that they produce to a number of commonly identified emotions. Anger, anxiety, sadness, and pride (to include 1 positive emotion) are used as illustrations. The purpose is to show the capability of a cognitive-motivational-relational theory to explain and predict the emotions. The role of coping in emotion is also discussed, and the article ends with a response to criticisms of a phenomenological, folk-theory outlook.

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Authors: Lazarus, R. S.
Affiliations: University of California, Berkeley (US)
Corresponding author: Lazarus, Richard S.
Venue: American Psychologist
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 1991
Volume: 46
Issue: 8
Pages: 819-834
ISSN: 0003-066X (ISSN-L)
1935-990X
DOI: 10.1037/0003-066x.46.8.819
OpenAlex: W4234372245
Cited by: 3,272
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 217 · 2025: 268 · 2024: 219 · 2023: 192 · 2022: 191 · 2021: 221 · 2020: 208 · 2019: 210 · 2018: 161 · 2017: 179 · 2016: 133 · 2015: 110 · 2014: 101 · 2013: 108 · 2012: 81
FWCI: 31.55
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: American Psychologist (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Emotions and Moral Behavior
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Psychological Testing and Assessment
Keywords: cognitive-motivational-relational theory, emotions, emotion theory, motivation, cognition, emotion regulation
MeSH terms: Cognition, Emotions, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Motivation, Psychological Theory

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Progress on a cognitive-motivational-relational theory of emotion

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