The DOI matches its Crossref record; 5 of the 5 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Progress on a cognitive-motivational-relational theory of emotion
Abstract
The 2 main tasks of this article are 1st, to examine what a theory of emotion must do and basic issues that it must address. These include definitional issues, whether or not physiological activity should be a defining attribute, categorical versus dimensional strategies, the reconciliation of biological universals with sociocultural sources of variability, and a classification of the emotions. The 2nd main task is to apply an analysis of appraisal patterns and the core relational themes that they produce to a number of commonly identified emotions. Anger, anxiety, sadness, and pride (to include 1 positive emotion) are used as illustrations. The purpose is to show the capability of a cognitive-motivational-relational theory to explain and predict the emotions. The role of coping in emotion is also discussed, and the article ends with a response to criticisms of a phenomenological, folk-theory outlook.
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“emotions may be the result of subjective evaluations of events.”
From Blame or Justification: A Conceptual Model of How Attributions Shape Observers’ Deviant Responses to Abusive Supervision (2026) · cites this paper as Lazarus, 1991
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The emerging field of emotion regulation: an integrative review
Gross, J. J. (1998) · Review of General Psychology · doi:10.1037/1089-2680.2.3.271 · Cited by 9,916
Kluger, A. N., & DeNisi, A. (1996) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.119.2.254 · Cited by 5,882
Emotion regulation: affective, cognitive, and social consequences.
Gross, J. J. (2002) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1017/s0048577201393198 · Cited by 4,890
Putting the fear back into fear appeals: the extended parallel process model
Witte, K. (1992) · Communication Monographs · doi:10.1080/03637759209376276 · Cited by 3,880
Jennings, P. A., & Greenberg, M. T. (2009) · Review of Educational Research · doi:10.3102/0034654308325693 · Cited by 3,686
Metadata
- Authors
- Lazarus, R. S.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Berkeley (US)
- Corresponding author
- Lazarus, Richard S.
- Venue
- American Psychologist
- Published
- 1991
- Volume
- 46
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 819-834
- ISSN
- 0003-066X (ISSN-L)
- 1935-990X
- OpenAlex
- W4234372245
- Cited by
- 3,272
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 217 · 2025: 268 · 2024: 219 · 2023: 192 · 2022: 191 · 2021: 221 · 2020: 208 · 2019: 210 · 2018: 161 · 2017: 179 · 2016: 133 · 2015: 110 · 2014: 101 · 2013: 108 · 2012: 81
- FWCI
- 31.55
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Psychologist (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Emotions and Moral Behavior
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Psychological Testing and Assessment
- Keywords
- cognitive-motivational-relational theory, emotions, emotion theory, motivation, cognition, emotion regulation
- MeSH terms
- Cognition, Emotions, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Motivation, Psychological Theory
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