The DOI matches its Crossref record; 51 of the 54 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Flat affect in schizophrenia does not reflect diminished subjective experience of emotion.
Abstract
Although accorded historical significance, affective features of schizophrenia have only begun to receive systematic empirical attention. Interestingly, both early psychopathology writers and more recent investigators have reported frequent discrepancies between schizophrenics' feelings and outward expressions of emotion. Using a more comprehensive assessment of emotion, the present study examines the relationship between emotional experience and expression in a sample of medication-free schizophrenics. Compared with their normal counterparts, schizophrenics were indeed much less facially expressive of both positive and negative emotions during emotion-eliciting films, yet they reported experiencing as much positive and negative emotion. Therefore, the blunted affect typical of some schizophrenics misrepresents their underlying emotional experience. Future research into an inhibition hypothesis is recommended.
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“However, individuals with schizophrenia also report similar or heightened subjective emotional experience [392], including in response to movie clips [393], pictures [394], food [395], and even odors [396].”
From Reward circuitry dysfunction in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders and genetic syndromes: animal models and clinical findings (2012) · cites this paper as [393]
Citations
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Abnormal emotional experience in schizophrenia
Callaway, D. A. (2012) · Louisiana State University · doi:10.31390/gradschool_theses.2080
Anticipating the future and remembering the past: The time course of emotion in schizophrenia
Moran, E. K. (2014) · eScholarship (California Digital Library)
FILM-INDUCED EMOTIONAL EXPERIENCE AND EXPRESSION IN SOCIAL ANHEDONIA
Carreno, J. T. (2009) · University Libraries (University of Maryland)
Falkenberg, I., Bartels, M., & Wild, B. (2008)
Waford, R., & Iati, C. A. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316798096.009
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Matei, V. P., Pavel, A. N., Dutu, I., & Roşca, A. (2019) · Romanian Journal of Psychiatry & Psychotherapy · doi:10.37897/rjpp.2019.3.6
Cowan, T. (2022) · Louisiana State University · doi:10.31390/gradschool_dissertations.6180
Dutch Validation of the Self-Evaluation of Negative Symptoms Scale (SNS)
van Brouwershaven, T., Poppe, A., Pijnenborg, G. H. M., Aleman, A., Boonstra, N., Gangadin, S. S., Dollfus, S., Veling, W., Castelein, S., de Vos, J. A., et al. (2024) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci15010015
Delivering CPT in the Context of Serious Mental Illness
Sacks, S. A. (2025) · CBT: science into practice · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-87356-0_4
Quantifying facial affect changes in psychotic disorders with machine learning
Jeganathan, J., Thienel, R., & Breakspear, M. J. (2025) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2025.116768
Cognitive processes and emotion cue processing in introvertive anhedonia
Skillicorn, D. (2010) · Cardiff Metropolitan Research Repository (Cardiff Metropolitan University) · doi:10.25401/cardiffmet.20497068
Blunted affect in schizophrenia
Konstas, K., & Gupta, T. (2026) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2026.03.010
Bertrand, C. E., Pokorny, V., Gold, J. M., Waltz, J. A., Schiffman, J. E., Ellman, L. M., Strauss, G. P., Walker, E. F., Woods, S. W., Powers, A. R., et al. (2026) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291726104826
Impressions of Deviant Disgust Expressions Are Functionally Specific
Sabree, K., & Ackerman, J. M. (2026) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/01461672261489310
Metadata
- Authors
- Kring, A. M., Kerr, S. L., Smith, D. A., & Neale, J. M.
- Affiliations
- Vanderbilt University (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Abnormal Psychology
- Published
- 1993-11
- Volume
- 102
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 507-517
- ISSN
- 0021-843X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1846
- OpenAlex
- W1999187797
- Cited by
- 319
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 22
- FWCI
- 5.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Abnormal Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH4411602)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending
- Keywords
- schizophrenia, flat affect, blunted affect, emotional experience, emotional facial expressions, subjective emotional experience, medication-free patients
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Affective Symptoms, Emotions, Humans, Male, Personality Assessment, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology
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