Cited by 252Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesEarly Childhood Education and Development

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Modeling causal relations between academic and social competence and depression: A multitrait-multimethod longitudinal study of children.

Cole, David A., Martin, Joan M., Powers, Bruce, Truglio, Ruth·1996·Journal of Abnormal Psychology

DOI 10.1037/0021-843x.105.2.258

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Abstract

The authors obtained self-reports, peer nominations, teacher ratings, and parent reports of depression and social and academic competence on 490 3rd graders and 455 6th graders near the beginning and end of the school year. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling revealed that (a) measures showed significant convergent and discriminant validity; (b) within-wave correlations between constructs were large and significant, although the depression-social competence correlation was larger than the depression-academic competence correlation; (c) the cross-wave stability of all constructs was remarkably high; and (d) social competence at Wave 1 predicted depression at Wave 2 for 6th graders after controlling for depression at Wave 1. Depression did not predict change in either academic or social competence over time. Implications for competence-based and failure-based models of child depression are discussed.

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Authors: Cole, D. A., Martin, J. M., Powers, B., & Truglio, R.
Affiliations: University of Notre Dame (US)
ORCID: Cole, David A.
Venue: Journal of Abnormal Psychology
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 1996-05
Volume: 105
Issue: 2
Pages: 258-270
ISSN: 0021-843X (ISSN-L)
1939-1846
DOI: 10.1037/0021-843x.105.2.258
OpenAlex: W2139659347
Cited by: 252
References: 50
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 14
FWCI: 8.42
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of Abnormal Psychology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (5r29mh047846-03)
National Institute of Mental Health (R29 MH47846)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Social Sciences › Education › Early Childhood Education and Development
Keywords: childhood depression, social competence, academic competence, causal relationship, peer nominations, teacher ratings, parent report, self-report, elementary school students
MeSH terms: Achievement, Child, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Socialization

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Modeling causal relations between academic and social competence and depression: A multitrait-multimethod longitudinal study of children.

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