Cited by 252Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesEarly Childhood Education and Development

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Modeling causal relations between academic and social competence and depression: A multitrait-multimethod longitudinal study of children.

Cole, David A., Martin, Joan M., Powers, Bruce, Truglio, Ruth·1996·Journal of Abnormal Psychology

DOI 10.1037/0021-843x.105.2.258

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Abstract

The authors obtained self-reports, peer nominations, teacher ratings, and parent reports of depression and social and academic competence on 490 3rd graders and 455 6th graders near the beginning and end of the school year. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling revealed that (a) measures showed significant convergent and discriminant validity; (b) within-wave correlations between constructs were large and significant, although the depression-social competence correlation was larger than the depression-academic competence correlation; (c) the cross-wave stability of all constructs was remarkably high; and (d) social competence at Wave 1 predicted depression at Wave 2 for 6th graders after controlling for depression at Wave 1. Depression did not predict change in either academic or social competence over time. Implications for competence-based and failure-based models of child depression are discussed.

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Schwartz, D., Gorman, A. H., Dodge, K. A., Pettit, G. S., & Bates, J. E. (2008) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/s10802-007-9200-x · Cited by 54
Quality of Social Relationships and the Development of Depression in Parentally-Bereaved Youth
Schoenfelder, E. N., Sandler, I. N., Wolchik, S. A., & MacKinnon, D. P. (2010) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1007/s10964-009-9503-z · Cited by 53
Assessment of Behavior Problems in Childhood and Adolescence as Predictors of Early Adult Depression
Kosterman, R., Hawkins, J. D., Mason, W. A., Herrenkohl, T. I., Lengua, L. J., & McCauley, E. (2009) · Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment · doi:10.1007/s10862-009-9138-0 · Cited by 52
Psychopathology and social competence during the transition to adolescence: The role of family adversity and pubertal development
Obradović, J., & Hipwell, A. E. (2010) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579410000325 · Cited by 56
Childhood aggression, depressive symptoms, and peer rejection: The mediational model revisited
Morrow, M. T., Hubbard, J. A., McAuliffe, M. D., Rubin, R. M., & Dearing, K. F. (2006) · International Journal of Behavioral Development · doi:10.1177/0165025406066757 · Cited by 56
Gender Differences in the Developmental Links Between Conduct Problems and Depression Across Early Adolescence
Klostermann, S., Connell, A. M., & Stormshak, E. A. (2014) · Journal of Research on Adolescence · doi:10.1111/jora.12170 · Cited by 54
Is the positive illusory bias common in young adolescents with ADHD? A fresh look at prevalence and stability using latent profile and transition analyses
Bourchtein, E., Langberg, J. M., Owens, J. S., Evans, S. W., & Perera, R. A. (2017) · Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10802-016-0248-3 · Cited by 49
“The measure has good internal consistency and high test-retest reliability (Cole et al. 1996).”
Background
Self-Perceived Competence as a Mediator Between Maternal Feedback and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents
Jacquez, F., Cole, D. A., & Searle, B. (2004) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1023/b:jacp.0000030290.68929.ef · Cited by 48
Self-citation
Depressive symptoms and academic achievement in UK adolescents: a cross-lagged analysis with genetic covariates
López-López, J. A., Kwong, A. S. F., Washbrook, L., Tilling, K. M., Fazel, M. S., & Pearson, R. M. (2021) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2021.01.091 · Cited by 56
Structure and validity of parent and teacher perceptions of children's competence: A multitrait-multimethod-multigroup investigation.
Cole, D. A., Gondoli, D. M., & Peeke, L. G. (1998) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/1040-3590.10.3.241 · Cited by 47
Self-citation
Gender‐specific development of nonverbal behaviours and mild depression in adolescence
van Beek, Y., van Dolderen, M. S. M., & Dubas, J. S. (2006) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01663.x · Cited by 48
School Engagement Mediates Long-Term Prevention Effects for Mexican American Adolescents
Gonzales, N. A., Wong, J. J., Toomey, R. B., Millsap, R. E., Dumka, L. E., & Mauricio, A. M. (2014) · Prevention Science · doi:10.1007/s11121-013-0454-y · Cited by 46
Long-term consequences of pubertal timing for youth depression: Identifying personal and contextual pathways of risk
Rudolph, K. D., Troop‐Gordon, W., Lambert, S. F., & Natsuaki, M. N. (2014) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579414001126 · Cited by 49
Depression as a longitudinal outcome and antecedent of preadolescents' peer relationships and peer-relevant cognition
Zimmer‐Gembeck, M. J., Hunter, T. A., Waters, A. M., & Pronk, R. E. (2009) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579409000303 · Cited by 46
A Developmental Psychopathology Perspective on the Cognitive Components of Child and Adolescent Depression
Kaslow, N. J., Adamson, L. B., & Collins, M. H. (2000) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-4163-9_26 · Cited by 45

Authors: Cole, D. A., Martin, J. M., Powers, B., & Truglio, R.
Affiliations: University of Notre Dame (US)
ORCID: Cole, David A.
Venue: Journal of Abnormal Psychology
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 1996-05
Volume: 105
Issue: 2
Pages: 258-270
ISSN: 0021-843X (ISSN-L)
1939-1846
DOI: 10.1037/0021-843x.105.2.258
OpenAlex: W2139659347
Cited by: 252
References: 50
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 14
FWCI: 8.42
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of Abnormal Psychology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (5r29mh047846-03)
National Institute of Mental Health (R29 MH47846)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Social Sciences › Education › Early Childhood Education and Development
Keywords: childhood depression, social competence, academic competence, causal relationship, peer nominations, teacher ratings, parent report, self-report, elementary school students
MeSH terms: Achievement, Child, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Socialization

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Modeling causal relations between academic and social competence and depression: A multitrait-multimethod longitudinal study of children.

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