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Stimulus configuration and context effects in perceptual organization in schizophrenia
Abstract
Two studies assessed perceptual organization in schizophrenia to determine (a) whether inpatient and outpatient groups with poor premorbid schizophrenia have comparable levels of perceptual organization deficit; and (b) whether the deficit could be eliminated by task manipulations. In Study 1, inpatients demonstrated clear evidence of a perceptual organization deficit, whereas outpatients performed similarly to the control groups. In Study 2, a performance pattern that operationally defined a perceptual organization deficit was eliminated by a task manipulation thought to aid in context processing. The perceptual organization deficit is most pronounced in actively symptomatic patients with poor premorbid schizophrenia, and the deficit reflects, in part, deficient top-down influences to basic perceptual processes.
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“Impairments in visual integration have been linked to increases in disorganized symptoms (57,66,67), poorer premorbid social functioning (82), presence of childhood trauma in schizophrenia (83), and illness severity and chronicity (84).”
From Visual perception and its impairment in schizophrenia (2008) · cites this paper as [82]
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Manoach, D. S. (2003) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/s0920-9964(02)00294-3 · Cited by 693
“This limits the generation of top-down strategies to guide further processing that, in healthy subjects, quickly become automated (Knight et al., 2000; Knight and Silverstein, 1998; Silverstein et al., 1996a, 1998).”
BackgroundCognitive Control Deficits in Schizophrenia: Mechanisms and Meaning
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“Interestingly, in a study of perceptual organization, Silverstein et al (1996) showed a full recovery in performance to the normal range in patients simply by removing several conditions of the task to reduce strategyshifting demands, suggesting a role for altered cognitive control processes in…”
BackgroundVisual perception and its impairment in schizophrenia
Butler, P. D., Silverstein, S. M., & Dakin, S. C. (2008) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.03.023 · Cited by 472
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“…to improve perceptual organization and other forms of context processing in schizophrenia through attentional manipulations has now been demonstrated experimentally (Silverstein et al. 1996a, Study 2), as has the temporary nature of the effect (Cromwell 1975; Kaplan 1974; Nuechterlein 1977).”
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Uhlhaas, P. J., & Mishara, A. L. (2006) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbl047 · Cited by 321
Metadata
- Authors
- Silverstein, S. M., Knight, R. A., Schwarzkopf, S. B., West, L. L., Osborn, L. M., & Kamin, D.
- Affiliations
- University of Rochester Medicine (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Abnormal Psychology
- Published
- 1996-08
- Volume
- 105
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 410-420
- ISSN
- 0021-843X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1846
- OpenAlex
- W2063723431
- Cited by
- 191
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 4.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Abnormal Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Keywords
- perceptual organization, schizophrenia, stimulus configuration, context effects, premorbid functioning, inpatient versus outpatient comparison, top-down processing, perceptual deficits
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Attention, Discrimination Learning, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Orientation, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Perceptual Disorders, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychomotor Performance, Psychotic Disorders, Reaction Time, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology, Schizotypal Personality Disorder
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