The DOI matches its Crossref record; 15 of the 15 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Prevalence of civilian trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder in a representative national sample of women.
Abstract
Prevalence of crime and noncrime civilian traumatic events, lifetime posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and PTSD in the past 6 months were assessed in a sample of U.S. adult women (N = 4,008). Random digit-dial telephone methods were used to identify study participants. Structured telephone interviews for assessment of specific crime or other traumatic event history and PTSD were conducted by trained female interviewers. Lifetime exposure to any type of traumatic event was 69%, whereas exposure to crimes that included sexual or aggravated assault or homicide of a close relative or friend occurred among 36%. Overall sample prevalence of PTSD was 12.3% lifetime and 4.6% within the past 6 months. The rate of PTSD was significantly higher among crime versus noncrime victims (25.8% vs. 9.4%). History of incidents that included direct threat to life or receipt of injury was a risk factor for PTSD. Findings are compared with data from other epidemiological studies. Results are discussed as they relate to PTSD etiology.
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In the citing paper
“Studies assessing PTSD in relation to any trauma exposure (not necessarily due to sexual assault) indicate that 36% of sexual assault survivors meet criteria for lifetime PTSD (Dworkin, 2020) and 12-25% meet criteria for current PTSD (Kilpatrick et al., 2007; Resnick et al., 1993; Zinzow et al., 2012).”
From PTSD in the Year Following Sexual Assault: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies (2023) · cites this paper as Resnick et al., 1993
In the citing paper
“cross-sectional studies that show 12-25% of survivors meet criteria for current PTSD at any given time (Kilpatrick et al., 2007; Resnick et al., 1993; Zinzow et al., 2012).”
From PTSD in the Year Following Sexual Assault: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies (2023) · cites this paper as Resnick et al., 1993
Citations
Cites
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Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3rd ed
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Traumatic Events and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in an Urban Population of Young Adults
Breslau, N. (1991) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1991.01810270028003 · Cited by 2,544
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Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in the General Population
Helzer, J. E., Robins, L. N., & McEvoy, L. (1987) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198712243172604 · Cited by 1,199
A prospective examination of post‐traumatic stress disorder in rape victims
Rothbaum, B. O., Foa, E. B., Riggs, D. S., Murdock, T., & Walsh, W. (1992) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.2490050309 · Cited by 1,097
Criminal Victimization: Lifetime Prevalence, Reporting to Police, and Psychological Impact
Kilpatrick, D. G., Saunders, B. E., Veronen, L. J., Best, C. L., & Von, J. M. (1987) · Crime & Delinquency · doi:10.1177/0011128787033004005 · Cited by 442
Self-citationKilpatrick, D. G., Saunders, B. E., Amick‐McMullan, A., Best, C. L., Veronen, L. J., & Resnick, H. S. (1989) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7894(89)80069-3 · Cited by 440
Self-citationTrauma and the Vietnam War Generation
Krystal, J. H. (1992) · PubMed Central · Cited by 382
Wells, K. B., Burnam, M. A., LEAKE, B. D., & Robins, L. N. (1988) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/0022-3956(88)90006-4 · Cited by 230
Defining Trauma: Terminology and Generic Stressor Dimensions1
Green, B. L. (1990) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1990.tb01498.x · Cited by 195
The scope of rape: Implications for the clinical treatment of victims
Koss, M. P. (1983) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e545312009-005 · Cited by 39
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey
Kessler, R. C. (1995) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1995.03950240066012 · Cited by 10,379
Bonanno, G. A. (2004) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.59.1.20 · Cited by 6,851
Predictors of posttraumatic stress disorder and symptoms in adults: a meta-analysis
Ozer, E. J., Best, S. R., Lipsey, T. L., & Weiss, D. S. (2003) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.129.1.52 · Cited by 3,322
Trauma and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in the Community: The 1996 Detroit Area Survey of Trauma
Breslau, N., Kessler, R. C., Chilcoat, H. D., Schultz, L. R., Davis, G. C., & Andreski, P. (1998) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.55.7.626 · Cited by 2,407
Kilpatrick, D. G., Resnick, H. S., Milanak, M. E., Miller, M. W., Keyes, K. M., & Friedman, M. J. (2013) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.21848 · Cited by 1,929
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Resnick, H. S., Kilpatrick, D. G., Dansky, B. S., Saunders, B. E., & Best, C. L.
- Affiliations
- Medical University of South Carolina (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
- Published
- 1993-12
- Volume
- 61
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 984-991
- ISSN
- 0022-006X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-2117
- OpenAlex
- W1997932742
- Cited by
- 1,868
- References
- 15
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 36 · 2020: 44 · 2019: 41 · 2018: 47 · 2017: 57 · 2016: 63 · 2015: 64 · 2014: 81 · 2013: 83 · 2012: 85
- FWCI
- 30.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01da005220-04)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA 05220-01A2)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Migration, Health and Trauma
- Keywords
- post-traumatic stress disorder, civilian trauma, women, crime victimization, sexual assault, assault, homicide, lifetime prevalence, PTSD prevalence, trauma risk factors, PTSD etiology
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Crime, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Homicide, Humans, Middle Aged, Rape, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, United States, Violence, Incidence
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