The DOI matches its Crossref record; 7 of the 7 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Perfectionism dimensions, perfectionistic attitudes, dependent attitudes, and depression in psychiatric patients and university students.
Abstract
P. L. Hewitt and G. L. Flett's (1991b) model of perfectionism dimensions (i.e., self-oriented, other-oriented, and socially prescribed perfectionism) was compared with A. T. Beck's model (G. P. Brown & A.T. Beck, 2002) of dysfunctional attitudes (i.e., perfectionistic attitudes [PA] and dependent attitudes [DA]) in predicting depression in 70 psychiatric patients and 280 university students. Socially prescribed perfectionism uniquely predicted both PA and DA. Dysfunctional attitudes failed to consistently predict additional variance in depression beyond perfectionism dimensions (and vice versa). Evidence for Hewitt and Flett's specific vulnerability hypothesis and Beck's specific cognitive vulnerability hypothesis was equivocal. Beck's conceptualization of perfectionism as a unitary cognitive style obscures important information by overlooking the distinction between the self-related and socially based features of perfectionism. Hewitt and Flett's conceptualization of perfectionism as 3 distinct personality traits allows for precise conclusions by recognizing the differential contribution of the self-related and socially based features of perfectionism.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Psychometric properties of the Beck Depression Inventory: Twenty-five years of evaluation
Beck, A. T., Steer, R. A., & Carbin, M. G. (1988) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/0272-7358(88)90050-5 · Cited by 11,696 · cited 2×
“Coefficient alphas for the BDI typically range from .80 to .95 (e.g., Beck et al., 1988).”
BackgroundMethodHow many subjects does it take to do a regression analysis
Green, S. B. (1991) · Multivariate Behavioral Research · doi:10.1207/s15327906mbr2603_7 · Cited by 3,916 · cited 12×
“and achievement hassles to predict depression in female university students, illustrating the impact of hassles as a moderator of the strength of the relationship between socially based perfectionistic tendencies and depression in a manner consistent with Hewitt and Flett (1993). Neither achievement hassles nor interp…”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialHewitt, P. L., & Flett, G. L. (1991) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.60.3.456 · Cited by 3,378 · cited 17×
“Perfectionism is a factor in predisposing, precipitating, and prolonging depression among university students, community members, and psychiatric patients (e.g., Chang, 2000; Hewitt & Flett, 1991a; Kawamura, Hunt, Frost, & DiBartolo, 2001; Rice, Ashby, & Slaney, 1998).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationThe impact of daily stress on health and mood: psychological and social resources as mediators
DeLongis, A., Folkman, S., & Lazarus, R. S. (1988) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.54.3.486 · Cited by 1,621 · cited 1×
“The HS ( DeLongis, Folkman, & Lazarus, 1988 ) is a 53-item scale.”
Perfectionism: Theory, research, and treatment.
(2002) · doi:10.1037/10458-000 · Cited by 791
Mode-specific effects among three treatments for depression.
Imber, S. D., Pilkonis, P. A., Sotsky, S. M., & Elkin, I. (1990) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.58.3.352 · Cited by 330
Blatt, S. J., Zuroff, D. C., Bondi, C. M., Sanislow, C. A., & Pilkonis, P. A. (1998) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.66.2.423 · Cited by 191 · cited 3×
“practitioners’ understanding of treatment-focused research involving PA (e.g., Blatt, Zuroff, Bondi, Sanislow, & Pilkonis, 1998 ), and (c) suggest the need for a treatment strategy that addresses both the self-related and socially based features of perfectionism.”
BackgroundInfluential
Cited by
Positive Conceptions of Perfectionism: Approaches, Evidence, Challenges
Stoeber, J., & Otto, K. (2006) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1207/s15327957pspr1004_2 · Cited by 1,779
Perfectionism is increasing over time: A meta-analysis of birth cohort differences from 1989 to 2016
Curran, T., & Hill, A. P. (2019) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/bul0000138 · Cited by 780
Perfectionism and eating disorders: Current status and future directions
Bardone-Cone, A. M., Wonderlich, S. A., Frost, R. O., Bulik, C. M., Mitchell, J. E., Uppala, S., & Simonich, H. (2007) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2006.12.005 · Cited by 553
Flett, G. L., & Hewitt, P. L. (2006) · Behavior Modification · doi:10.1177/0145445506288026 · Cited by 329
Self-citationSmith, M. M., Sherry, S. B., Chen, S., Saklofske, D. H., Mushquash, C., Flett, G. L., & Hewitt, P. L. (2018) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/jopy.12333 · Cited by 255
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Sherry, S. B., Hewitt, P. L., Flett, G. L., & Harvey, M.
- Venue
- Journal of Counseling Psychology
- Published
- 2003-07
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 373-386
- ISSN
- 0022-0167 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-2168
- OpenAlex
- W2004112319
- Cited by
- 190
- References
- 7
- FWCI
- 6.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Perfectionism dimensions, perfectionistic attitudes, dependent attitudes, and depression in psychiatric patients and university students. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1037/0022-0167.50.3.373
- The paper
- Sherry, S. B., Hewitt, P. L., Flett, G. L., & Harvey, M. (2003). Perfectionism dimensions, perfectionistic attitudes, dependent attitudes, and depression in psychiatric patients and university students. Journal of Counseling Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.50.3.373
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.