Reading achievement and diminishing returns to time.
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For 13-year-olds, there is a positive relationship between reading frequency and achievement, with diminishing returns extending to six or seven times per week.
“An analysis of reading achievement and diminishing returns for time invested by 13-year-olds in homework and recreational reading found a positive relationship between reading frequency and achievement, with returns diminishing much later than when time is invested in homework, with 'far more gradual diminishing returns extending to six or seven times per week' (Walberg & Tsai, 1984, p. 449).”
From Are Western Australian adolescents keen book readers? (2014) · cites this paper as Walberg & Tsai, 1984
Cites
Cobb, C. W., & Douglas, P. H. (1928) · American Economic Review · Cited by 1,598 · see citing works
Stigler, G. J. (1958) · The Journal of Law and Economics · doi:10.1086/466541 · Cited by 752 · see citing works
Learning as a Function of Time
Fredrick, W. C., & Walberg, H. J. (1980) · The Journal of Educational Research · doi:10.1080/00220671.1980.10885233 · Cited by 317 · see citing works
Self-citationExplosion of a Myth: Quantity of Schooling and Exposure to Instruction, Major Educational Vehicles
Wiley, D. E., & Harnischfeger, A. (1974) · Educational Researcher · doi:10.3102/0013189x003004007 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
The Impact of Leisure-Time Television on School Learning: A Research Synthesis
Williams, P. A. H., Haertel, E. H., Haertel, G. D., & Walberg, H. J. (1982) · American Educational Research Journal · doi:10.3102/00028312019001019 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Effects of Schooling on Mathematics Achievement
Welch, W. W., Anderson, R. E., & Harris, L. J. (1982) · American Educational Research Journal · doi:10.3102/00028312019001145 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Walberg, H. J., Haertel, G. D., Pascarella, E. T., et al. (1981) · American Educational Research Journal · doi:10.3102/00028312018002233 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citation
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Systematic review of sedentary behaviour and health indicators in school-aged children and youth.
Tremblay, M. S., LeBlanc, A. G., Kho, M. E., Saunders, T. J., Larouche, R., Colley, R. C., Goldfield, G., & Gorber, S. (2011) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/1479-5868-8-98 · Cited by 2,085 · see citing works
Carson, V., Hunter, S., Kuzik, N., Gray, C. E., Poitras, V. J., Chaput, J.-P., Saunders, T. J., Katzmarzyk, P. T., Okely, A. D., Connor Gorber, S., et al. (2016) · Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/apnm-2015-0630 · Cited by 1,380 · see citing works
Adelantado-Renau, M., Moliner-Urdiales, D., Cavero-Redondo, I., Beltran-Valls, M. R., Martínez-Vizcaíno, V., & Álvarez-Bueno, C. (2019) · JAMA Pediatrics · doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.3176 · Cited by 313 · see citing works
Pfost, M., Dörfler, T., & Artelt, C. (2013) · Learning and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.lindif.2013.04.008 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Are Western Australian adolescents keen book readers?
Merga, M. K. (2014) · The Australian Journal of Language and Literacy · doi:10.1007/bf03651945 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
- Authors
- Walberg, H. J., & Tsai, S.-L.
- Affiliations
- University of Illinois Chicago (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Educational Psychology
- Published
- 1984-06
- Volume
- 76
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 442-451
- ISSN
- 0022-0663 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-2176
- OpenAlex
- W1999309473
- Cited by
- 67
- References
- 7
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 4.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Educational Psychology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Reading and Literacy Development
- Social Sciences › Education › School Choice and Performance
- Social Sciences › Education › Literacy and Educational Practices
- Keywords
- reading achievement, diminishing returns, time investment, reading instruction
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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