Cited by 584Personality Traits and PsychologySocial and Intergroup PsychologyDeath Anxiety and Social Exclusion

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 88 of the 90 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Agreeable fancy or disagreeable truth? Reconciling self-enhancement and self-verification.

Swann, William B., Pelham, Brett W., Krull, Douglas S.·1989·Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Three studies asked why people sometimes seek positive feedback (self-enhance) and sometimes seek subjectively accurate feedback (self-verify). Consistent with self-enhancement theory, people with low self-esteem as well as those with high self-esteem indicated that they preferred feedback pertaining to their positive rather than negative self-views. Consistent with self-verification theory, the very people who sought favorable feedback pertaining to their positive self-conceptions sought unfavorable feedback pertaining to their negative self-views, regardless of their level of global self-esteem. Apparently, although all people prefer to seek feedback regarding their positive self-views, when they seek feedback regarding their negative self-views, they seek unfavorable feedback. Whether people self-enhance or self-verify thus seems to be determined by the positivity of the relevant self-conceptions rather than their level of self-esteem or the type of person they are.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1037/0022-3514.57.5.782

Cites

88 of 88 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Society and the Adolescent Self-Image
Rosenberg, M. (1965) · doi:10.1515/9781400876136 · Cited by 30,126
Statistical principles in experimental design.
Winer, B. J. (1962) · McGraw-Hill Book Company · doi:10.1037/11774-000 · Cited by 27,137
The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life.
Naegele, K. D., & Goffman, E. (1956) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2089106 · Cited by 26,048
The Principles of Psychology
James, W. (1891) · Personality Culture Society · doi:10.1037/11059-000 · Cited by 25,876
Statistical Methods
Snedecor, G. W., Cochran, W. G., & STOUT, B. B. (1939) · Soil Science · doi:10.1097/00010694-193902000-00006 · Cited by 19,423
A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance
Morvan, C., & O’Connor, A. (2017) · Macat Library eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781912282432 · Cited by 18,284
The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud
Freud, S. (1953) · Cited by 17,730
The psychology of interpersonal relations
Heider, F. (1958) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2089062 · Cited by 17,189
Mind, Self, and Society
Mead, G. H., Joas, H., Huebner, D. R., & Morris, C. W. (2015) · University of Chicago Press eBooks · doi:10.7208/chicago/9780226112879.001.0001 · Cited by 12,419
THE PSYCHOLOGY OF PERSONAL CONSTRUCTS
Bannister, D., & Fransella, F. (2010) · Taylor & Francis eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203405321_chapter_1 · Cited by 8,589

Show all 90 references

Sorted by citations

Items 101–200 of 584

Too Much of a Good Thing?
Burke, P., & Harrod, M. (2005) · Social Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.1177/019027250506800404 · Cited by 76
Self-Verification Motives at the Collective Level of Self-Definition.
Chen, S., Chen, K. Y., & Shaw, L. (2004) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.86.1.77 · Cited by 142
An integrative model of excessive reassurance seeking and negative feedback seeking in the development and maintenance of depression
Evraire, L. E., & Dozois, D. J. A. (2011) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2011.07.014 · Cited by 139
Caught in the Crossfire: Depression, Self-Consistency, Self-Enhancement, and the Response of Others
Joiner, T. E., Alfano, M. S., & Metalsky, G. I. (1993) · Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1521/jscp.1993.12.2.113 · Cited by 149
Interviewing Witnesses: Forced Confabulation and Confirmatory Feedback Increase False Memories
Zaragoza, M. S., Payment, K. E., Ackil, J. K., Drivdahl, S. B., & Beck, M. R. (2001) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/1467-9280.00388 · Cited by 138
The Search for Beauty and Truth: A Framework for Understanding Reactions to Evaluations
Swann, W. B., & Schroeder, D. (1995) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/01461672952112008 · Cited by 135
Self-citation
Understanding continuance intention of knowledge creation using extended expectation–confirmation theory: an empirical study of Taiwan and China online communities
Chou, S., Min, H., Chang, Y.-C., & Lin, C.-T. (2009) · Behaviour and Information Technology · doi:10.1080/01449290903401986 · Cited by 134
Do workers who experience conflict between the work and family domains hit a “glass ceiling?”: A meta-analytic examination
Hoobler, J. M., Hu, J. J., & Wilson, M. S. (2010) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2010.07.001 · Cited by 134
Linking organizational identification and employee performance in teams: the moderating role of team-member exchange
Liu, Y., Loi, R. C. H., & Lam, L. W. (2011) · The International Journal of Human Resource Management · doi:10.1080/09585192.2011.560875 · Cited by 147
Toward an Integrative Model of Affect Regulation: Applications to Social‐Psychological Research
Westen, D. (1994) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.1994.tb00312.x · Cited by 137
Self-investment and self-esteem: Evidence for a Jamesian model of self-worth.
Pelham, B. W. (1995) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.69.6.1141 · Cited by 127
Self-citation
Seeking “Truth,” Finding Despair: Some Unhappy Consequences of a Negative Self-Concept
Swann, W. B. (1992) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/1467-8721.ep10767800 · Cited by 126
Self-citation
Listen to Your Heart? Calling and Receptivity to Career Advice
Riza, S. D., & Tosti‐Kharas, J. (2012) · Journal of Career Assessment · doi:10.1177/1069072711434412 · Cited by 126
Forsaking Optimism
Carroll, P. J., Sweeny, K. M., & Shepperd, J. A. (2006) · Review of General Psychology · doi:10.1037/1089-2680.10.1.56 · Cited by 124
Resources and Identity Verification from an Identity Theory Perspective
Stets, J. E., & Cast, A. D. (2007) · Sociological Perspectives · doi:10.1525/sop.2007.50.4.517 · Cited by 100
Feedback Seeking in Children and Adolescents: Associations With Self-Perceptions, Attachment Representations, and Depression
Cassidy, J., Ziv, Y., Mehta, T. G., & Feeney, B. C. (2003) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/1467-8624.7402019 · Cited by 121
Reciprocal, Longitudinal Associations Among Adolescents' Negative Feedback-Seeking, Depressive Symptoms, and Peer Relations
Borelli, J. L., & Prinstein, M. J. (2006) · Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10802-005-9010-y · Cited by 119
Social identities and psychosocial stress.
Burke, P. J. (1996) · Cited by 120
Self to Self
Velleman, J. D. (2005) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511498862.008 · Cited by 120
Conceptual and empirical challenges to the “authentic” versus “hubristic” model of pride.
Holbrook, C., Piazza, J. R., & Fessler, D. M. T. (2013) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/a0031711 · Cited by 124
Seeking self-evaluative feedback: the interactive role of global self-esteem and specific self-views.
Bernichon, T., Cook, K. E., & Brown, J. D. (2003) · PubMed · Cited by 118
Can self-verification strivings fully transcend the self–other barrier? Seeking verification of ingroup identities.
Gómez, Á., Seyle, D. C., Huici, C., & Swann, W. B. (2009) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0016358 · Cited by 118
Self-citation
Relation Between Adult Attachment Styles and Global Self-Esteem
Bylsma, W. H., Cozzarelli, C., & Sümer, N. (1997) · Basic and Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1207/s15324834basp1901_1 · Cited by 116
Seeking self-evaulative feedback: The interactive role of global self-esteem and specific self-views.
Bernichon, T., Cook, K. E., & Brown, J. D. (2003) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.84.1.194 · Cited by 113
The price of soliciting and receiving negative feedback: Self-verification theory as a vulnerability to depression theory.
Joiner, T. E. (1995) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.104.2.364 · Cited by 111
Reflections of the extended self: Visual self-representation in avatar-mediated environments
Messinger, P. R., Ge, X., Smirnov, K., Stroulia, E., & Lyons, K. A. (2019) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.12.020 · Cited by 118
IT-Enabled Self-Monitoring for Chronic Disease Self-Management: An Interdisciplinary Review
Jiang, J., & Cameron, A. (2020) · MIS Quarterly · doi:10.25300/misq/2020/15108 · Cited by 120
The Children's Attributional Style Interview: Developmental Tests of Cognitive Diathesis-Stress Theories of Depression
Conley, C. S., Haines, B. A., Hilt, L. M., & Metalsky, G. I. (2001) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1023/a:1010451604161 · Cited by 113
A Deservingness Approach to Respect as a Relationally Based Fairness Judgment
Heuer, L. B., Blumenthal, E., Douglas, A., & Weinblatt, T. (1999) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167299258009 · Cited by 112
The role of actual, ideal, and ought self‐congruence in the consumption of hedonic versus utilitarian brands
Hüber, F., Eisele, A., & Meyer, F. (2017) · Psychology and Marketing · doi:10.1002/mar.21070 · Cited by 122
Unleashing the Relationship Power of Family Firms: Identity Confirmation as a Catalyst for Performance
Milton, L. P. (2008) · Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice · doi:10.1111/j.1540-6520.2008.00273.x · Cited by 105
Is the Self Motivated To Do More Than Enhance and/or Verify Itself?
Epstein, S. J., & Morling, B. (1995) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-1280-0_2 · Cited by 109
Keeping up online appearances: How self-disclosure on Facebook affects perceived respect and likability in the professional context
Batenburg, A., & Bartels, J. (2017) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2017.04.033 · Cited by 103
Strategies of self‐regulation in goal attainment versus goal maintenance
Brodscholl, J., Hedy Kober, A., & Higgins, E. T. (2006) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.380 · Cited by 100
The Grass Is Greener in Non-Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math Classes: Examining the Role of Competing Belonging to Undergraduate Women’s Vulnerability to Being Pulled Away From Science
Thoman, D. B., Arizaga, J. A., Smith, J. L., Story, T. S., & Soncuya, G. (2014) · Psychology of Women Quarterly · doi:10.1177/0361684313499899 · Cited by 102
Engaging fans and the community in social media: interaction with institutions of higher education on Facebook
Brech, F. M., Messer, U., Schee, B. A. V., Rauschnabel, P. A., & Ivens, B. S. (2016) · Journal of Marketing for HIGHER EDUCATION · doi:10.1080/08841241.2016.1219803 · Cited by 100
A Process Model of Goal Orientation and Feedback Seeking
Park, G., Schmidt, A. M., Scheu, C. R., & DeShon, R. P. (2007) · Human Performance · doi:10.1080/08959280701332042 · Cited by 104
Status and Identity in Marital Interaction
Stets, J. E. (1997) · Social Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2787082 · Cited by 93
Studying Complex Decision Making in Natural Settings: Using a Head-Mounted Video Camera to Study Competitive Orienteering
Omodei, M. M., & McLennan, J. (1994) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.2466/pms.1994.79.3f.1411 · Cited by 93
Helping and harming others in the workplace: The roles of personal values and abusive supervision
Shao, P. T., Resick, C. J., & Hargis, M. B. (2011) · Human Relations · doi:10.1177/0018726711399940 · Cited by 99
The idiographic nature of human personality: Examples of the idiographic self-concept.
Pelham, B. W. (1993) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.64.4.665 · Cited by 93
Self-citation
Judgments of a relationship partner: specific accuracy but global enhancement.
Neff, L. A., & Karney, B. (2002) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/1467-6494.05032 · Cited by 90
Different Partners, Different Selves: Strategic Verification of Circumscribed Identities
Swann, W. B., Bosson, J. K., & Pelham, B. W. (2002) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/01461672022812007 · Cited by 95
Self-citation
Self‐Fulfilling Prophecies: Mechanisms, Power, and Links to Social Problems
Madon, S., Willard, J., Guyll, M., & Scherr, K. C. (2011) · Social and Personality Psychology Compass · doi:10.1111/j.1751-9004.2011.00375.x · Cited by 113
Exploring the optimized social advertising strategy that can generate consumer engagement with green messages on social media
Kim, Y. K., Yim, M. Y., Kim, E. A., & Reeves, W. (2020) · Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing · doi:10.1108/jrim-10-2019-0171 · Cited by 99
Organization‐Based Self‐Esteem, Psychological Contract Fulfillment, and Perceived Employment Opportunities: A Test of Self‐Regulatory Theory
Gardner, D. G., Huang, G., Niu, X., Pierce, J. L., & Lee, C. (2014) · Human Resource Management · doi:10.1002/hrm.21648 · Cited by 94
How Do Forced‐Choice Dilemmas Affect Multiracial People? The Role of Identity Autonomy and Public Regard in Depressive Symptoms
Sanchez, D. T. (2010) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.2010.00634.x · Cited by 85
Self-verification 360°: Illuminating the Light and Dark Sides
North, R. J., & Swann, W. B. (2009) · Self and Identity · doi:10.1080/15298860802501516 · Cited by 84
Self-citation
Why Threats Trigger Compensatory Reactions: The Need for Coherence and Quest for Self-Verification
Swann, W. B., & Brooks, M. (2012) · Social Cognition · doi:10.1521/soco.2012.30.6.758 · Cited by 84
Self-citation
Interrelated and Isolated Self-Concepts
Niedenthal, P. M., & Beike, D. R. (1997) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1207/s15327957pspr0102_1 · Cited by 82
Post, Eat, Change: The Effects of Posting Food Photos on Consumers’ Dining Experiences and Brand Evaluation
Zhu, J., Jiang, L., Dou, W., & Liang, L. (2019) · Journal of Interactive Marketing · doi:10.1016/j.intmar.2018.10.002 · Cited by 92
Underworked and Overpaid: Elevated Entitlement in Men's Self-Pay
Pelham, B. W., & Hetts, J. J. (2001) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1006/jesp.2000.1429 · Cited by 82
Self-citation
Compartmentalization and Integration: The Evaluative Organization of Contextualized Selves
Showers, C. J., & Zeigler‐Hill, V. (2007) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2007.00472.x · Cited by 80
Implicit individual differences: relationships between implicit self‐esteem, gender identity, and gender attitudes
Aidman, E., & Carroll, S. M. (2003) · European Journal of Personality · doi:10.1002/per.465 · Cited by 78
A Model of Self-Held Work Roles and Role Transitions
Neale, M., & Griffin, M. A. (2005) · Human Performance · doi:10.1207/s15327043hup1901_2 · Cited by 77
Organizational Identification during a Merger: The Role of Self‐Enhancement and Uncertainty Reduction Motives during a Major Organizational Change
Elstak, M. N., Bhatt, M., Riel, C. B. M. V., Pratt, M. G., & Berens, G. A. J. M. (2014) · Journal of Management Studies · doi:10.1111/joms.12105 · Cited by 77
Meta-accuracy and relationship quality: Weighing the costs and benefits of knowing what people really think about you.
Carlson, E. N. (2016) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/pspp0000107 · Cited by 85
Implicit Theories of Intelligence
Hong, Y., Chiu, C., & Dweck, C. S. (1995) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-1280-0_10 · Cited by 82
Vanishing Boycott Impetus: Why and How Consumer Participation in a Boycott Decreases Over Time
Lasarov, W., Hoffmann, S., & Orth, U. R. (2021) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-021-04997-9 · Cited by 101
The effect of image enhancement on influencer's product recommendation effectiveness: the roles of perceived influencer authenticity and post type
Zhang, Y.-J., Shao, Z., Zhang, J., Wu, B., & Zhou, L.-Y. (2023) · Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing · doi:10.1108/jrim-09-2022-0286 · Cited by 73
Quantifying self-motives: Functional links between dispositional desires
Gregg, A. P., Hepper, E. G., & Sedikides, C. (2011) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.827 · Cited by 94
Do Gender Differences in Perceived Prototypical Computer Scientists and Engineers Contribute to Gender Gaps in Computer Science and Engineering?
Ehrlinger, J. M., Plant, E. A., Hartwig, M. K., Vossen, J. J., Columb, C. J., & Brewer, L. E. (2017) · Sex Roles · doi:10.1007/s11199-017-0763-x · Cited by 89
Am I as You See Me or Do You See Me as I Am? Self-Fulfilling Prophecies and Self-Verification
Madon, S., Smith, A. E., Jussim, L. J., Russell, D. W., Eccles, J. S., Palumbo, P., & Walkiewicz, M. (2001) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167201279013 · Cited by 81
Collective Self-Verification Among Members of a Naturally Occurring Group: Possible Antecedents and Long-Term Consequences
Chen, S., Taylor, L. S., & Jeung, K. Y. (2006) · Basic and Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1207/s15324834basp2802_1 · Cited by 54
Inflating and deflating the self: Sustaining motivational concerns through self-evaluation
Scholer, A. A., Ozaki, Y., & Higgins, E. T. (2013) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2013.11.008 · Cited by 72
Identity motives and in‐group favouritism: A new approach to individual differences in intergroup discrimination
Vignoles, V. L., & Moncaster, N. J. (2006) · British Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1348/014466605x85951 · Cited by 72
Show me the product, show me the model: Effect of picture type on attitudes toward advertising
Aydınoğlu, N. Z., & Cian, L. (2014) · Journal of Consumer Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jcps.2014.04.002 · Cited by 72
The Division of Labor in the Home: A Review and Reconceptualization
Kroska, A. (1997) · Social Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2787092 · Cited by 71
Relational Self-verification through Self-presentation: Implications for Perceptions of One’s Honesty and Authenticity
Kraus, M. W., & Chen, S. (2012) · Self and Identity · doi:10.1080/15298868.2012.737523 · Cited by 69
The Me and the Not-Me
McCall, G. J. (2003) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-9188-1_2 · Cited by 68
Concealing to Belong, Revealing to be Known: Classification Expectations and Self-threats Among Persons with Concealable Stigmas
Bosson, J. K., Weaver, J. R., & Prewitt-Freilino, J. L. (2011) · Self and Identity · doi:10.1080/15298868.2010.513508 · Cited by 85
Does celebrity attachment influence brand attachment and brand loyalty in celebrity endorsement? A mixed methods study
Özer, M., Özer, A., Ekinci, Y., & Koçak, A. (2022) · Psychology and Marketing · doi:10.1002/mar.21742 · Cited by 67
Self-Esteem and Memory for Favorable and Unfavorable Personality Feedback
Story, A. L. (1998) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167298241004 · Cited by 67
Feedback acceptance in developmental assessment centers: the role of feedback message, participant personality, and affective response to the feedback session
Bell, S. T., & Arthur, W. (2008) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.525 · Cited by 74
A regulatory focus model of self-evaluation
Leonardelli, G. J., Lakin, J. L., & Arkin, R. M. (2006) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2006.10.021 · Cited by 73
Certainty as a moderator of feedback reactions? A test of the strength of the self‐verification motive
Anseel, F., & Lievens, F. (2006) · Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1348/096317905x71462 · Cited by 68
Interpersonal Congruence, Transactive Memory, and Feedback Processes: An Integrative Model of Group Learning
London, M., Polzer, J. T., & Caruso, H. M. (2005) · Human Resource Development Review · doi:10.1177/1534484305275767 · Cited by 68
Do You See What I See? An Exploration of Congruence in Ratings From Multiple Perspectives1
Church, A. H. (1997) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1997.tb00283.x · Cited by 66
The Relationship Between Uncertainty and Desire for Feedback: A Test of Competing Hypotheses1
Anseel, F., & Lievens, F. (2007) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.2007.00197.x · Cited by 66
Receptivity to assessment‐based feedback for management development
Ryan, A. M., Brutus, S., Greguras, G. J., & Hakel, M. D. (2000) · Journal of Management Development · doi:10.1108/02621710010322580 · Cited by 64
Effects of person versus process praise on student motivation: stability and change in emerging adulthood
Haimovitz, K., & Corpus, J. H. (2011) · Educational Psychology · doi:10.1080/01443410.2011.585950 · Cited by 66
Factorial Structure of Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale Among Crack-Cocaine Drug Users
Wang, J., Siegal, H. A., Falck, R. S., & Carlson, R. G. (2001) · Structural Equation Modeling A Multidisciplinary Journal · doi:10.1207/s15328007sem0802_6 · Cited by 64
Self-Verification and Contextualized Self-Views
Chen, S., English, T., & Peng, K. (2006) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167206287539 · Cited by 68
Identification and Identity
Velleman, J. D. (2005) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511498862.014 · Cited by 62
Three Ways in Which Midline Regions Contribute to Self-Evaluation
Flagan, T., & Beer, J. S. (2013) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00450 · Cited by 67
Extending Identity Theory to Predict Differential Forms and Degrees of Psychological Distress
Large, M. D., & Marcussen, K. (2000) · Social Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2695880 · Cited by 61
Give a piece of you: Gifts that reflect givers promote closeness
Aknin, L. B., & Human, L. J. (2015) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2015.04.006 · Cited by 61
Modeling the ego-defensive function of attitudes
Lapinski, M. K., & Boster, F. J. (2001) · Communication Monographs · doi:10.1080/03637750128062 · Cited by 67
Unintended reward costs: the effectiveness of customer referral reward programs for innovative products and services
Dose, D. B., Walsh, G., Beatty, S. E., & Elsner, R. (2019) · Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science · doi:10.1007/s11747-019-00635-z · Cited by 60
Is identity per se irrelevant? A contrarian view of self‐verification effects
Gregg, A. (2009) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.20428 · Cited by 49
Sharenting and Children's Privacy in the United States: Parenting Style, Practices, and Perspectives on Sharing Young Children's Photos on Social Media
Amon, M. J., Kartvelishvili, N., Bertenthal, B. I., Hugenberg, K., & Kapadia, A. C. (2022) · Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1145/3512963 · Cited by 64
Does It Really Matter If You Recognize Who I Am? The Implications of Identity Comprehension for Individuals in Work Teams†
Thatcher, S., & Greer, L. (2008) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/0149206307308909 · Cited by 64
Consistency and Enhancement Processes in Understanding Emotions
Stets, J. E., & Asencio, E. K. (2008) · Social Forces · doi:10.1353/sof.0.0022 · Cited by 60
Self-Presentation on Social Media: When Self-Enhancement Confronts Self-Verification
Zheng, A., Duff, B. R. L., Vargas, P. T., & Yao, M. Z. (2020) · Journal of Interactive Advertising · doi:10.1080/15252019.2020.1841048 · Cited by 72
Prone to Bias: Development of a Bias Taxonomy from an Individual Differences Perspective
Oreg, S., & Bayazıt, M. (2009) · Review of General Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0015656 · Cited by 64
Anchoring on the "here" and "now" in time and distance judgments.
LeBoeuf, R. A., & Shafir, E. B. (2009) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and Cognition · doi:10.1037/a0013665 · Cited by 58
On the benefits of misery: Self-serving biases in the depressive self-concept.
Pelham, B. W. (1991) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.61.4.670 · Cited by 61
Self-citation
Self to Self
Velleman, J. D. (2005) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511498862 · Cited by 62
Addressing the Problem of Cultural Anchoring
Miles, A. (2014) · Social Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.1177/0190272514524062 · Cited by 57
Imagining thin: Why vanity sizing works
Aydınoğlu, N. Z., & Krishna, A. (2012) · Journal of Consumer Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jcps.2011.12.001 · Cited by 57

Authors: Swann, W. B., Pelham, B. W., & Krull, D. S.
Affiliations: The University of Texas at Austin (US)
ORCID: Swann, William B.
Pelham, Brett W.
Krull, Douglas S.
Venue: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 1989
Volume: 57
Issue: 5
Pages: 782-791
ISSN: 0022-3514 (ISSN-L)
1939-1315
DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.57.5.782
OpenAlex: W2084473518
Cited by: 584
References: 90
Citations by year: 2026: 8 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 40 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 20
FWCI: 10.26
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Mental Health (MH-37598, MH-00498)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Death Anxiety and Social Exclusion
Keywords: self-enhancement, self-verification, feedback seeking, self-esteem, self-conception, negative self-concept, self-concept
MeSH terms: Feedback, Female, Humans, Male, Motivation, Psychological Theory, Self Concept

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Agreeable fancy or disagreeable truth? Reconciling self-enhancement and self-verification.

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks