Esteem protection or enhancement? Self-handicapping motives and attributions differ by trait self-esteem.
Abstract
Four studies sought to differentiate between self-enhancement and self-protection as motivations self-handicapping. High-self-esteem participants self-handicapped to enhance success, whereas low-self-esteem participants self-handicapped to protect against the esteem-threatening implications of failure. This was supported with 2 different forms of self-handicapping and corroborated by attributional statements regarding the implications of handicaps for performance outcomes
Cites (1)
- Responses to evaluation as a function of initial self-perceptions.Shrauger, J. Sidney · 1975 · Psychological Bulletin
Cited by (25)
- Bad Is Stronger Than GoodBaumeister, Roy F., Bratslavsky, Ellen, Finkenauer, Catrin, Vohs, Kathleen D. · 2001 · Review of General Psychology
- The nature and function of self-esteem: Sociometer theoryLeary, Mark R., Baumeister, Roy F. · 2000 · Advances in Experimental Social Psychology
- Relation of threatened egotism to violence and aggression: The dark side of high self-esteem.Baumeister, Roy F., Smart, Laura, Boden, Joseph M. · 1996 · Psychological Review
- Is there a universal need for positive self-regard?Heine, Steven J., Lehman, Darrin R., Markus, Hazel Rose, Kitayama, Shinobu · 1999 · Psychological Review
- Self-control as a limited resource: Regulatory depletion patterns.Muraven, Mark, Tice, Dianne M., Baumeister, Roy F. · 1998 · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Esteem protection or enhancement? Self-handicapping motives and attributions differ by trait self-esteem. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1037//0022-3514.60.5.711
- The paper
- Tice, D. M. (1991). Esteem protection or enhancement? Self-handicapping motives and attributions differ by trait self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.60.5.711
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.