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Effects of optimism, pessimism, and trait anxiety on ambulatory blood pressure and mood during everyday life.
Abstract
This study tested whether dispositional measures of optimism, pessimism, and anxiety affected ambulatory blood pressure (BP) and mood and whether any cardiovascular effects of dispositions were moderated by mood. Pessimistic and anxious adults had higher BP levels and felt more negative and less positive than did optimists or low anxious adults throughout the monitoring. The few times that optimists did feel negative were associated with levels of BP as high as those observed among pessimists or anxious individuals, regardless of their mood. To the extent that trait anxiety measures neuroticism, these findings suggest that neuroticism is directly related to health indicators rather than simply to illness behavior. Furthermore, the results suggest that pessimism has broad physiological and psychological consequences.
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“In addition to, or possibly because of the coping advantage it confers, optimism appears linked to lower level of ambulatory blood pressure [102] and lower levels of inflammatory markers [103].”
From Personality and Longevity: Knowns, Unknowns, and Implications for Public Health and Personalized Medicine (2011) · cites this paper as [102]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Räikkönen, K., Matthews, K. A., Flory, J. D., Owens, J. F., & Gump, B. B.
- Affiliations
- University of Helsinki (FI)
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- State University of New York at Oswego (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
- Published
- 1999
- Volume
- 76
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 104-113
- ISSN
- 0022-3514 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1315
- OpenAlex
- W2150628111
- Cited by
- 288
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 21.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- correction (2006-07-10)
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (#HL07560, HL38712)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Optimism, Hope, and Well-being
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Health and Mental Health
- Keywords
- optimism, pessimism, trait anxiety, ambulatory blood pressure, mood, neuroticism, cardiovascular health, everyday life
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Affect, Anxiety, Arousal, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Motivation, Sick Role, Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory
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