Crowded minds: The implicit bystander effect.

Stephen Michael Garcia, Kim Weaver, Gordon B. Moskowitz, John M. Darley·2002·Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

Abstract

Five studies merged the priming methodology with the bystander apathy literature and demonstrate how merely priming a social context at Time 1 leads to less helping behavior on a subsequent, completely unrelated task at Time 2. In Study 1, participants who imagined being with a group at Time 1 pledged significantly fewer dollars on a charity-giving measure at Time 2 than did those who imagined being alone with one other person. Studies 2-5 build converging evidence with hypothetical and real helping behavior measures and demonstrate that participants who imagine the presence of others show facilitation to words associated with unaccountable on a lexical decision task. Implications for social group research and the priming methodology are discussed.

Cites (4)

  1. Bystander intervention in emergencies: Diffusion of responsibility.
    Darley, John M., Latane, Bibb · 1968 · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
  2. Automaticity of social behavior: Direct effects of trait construct and stereotype activation on action.
    Bargh, John A., Chen, Mark, Burrows, Lara · 1996 · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
  3. Group inhibition of bystander intervention in emergencies.
    Latane, Bibb, Darley, John M. · 1968 · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
  4. Ten years of research on group size and helping.
    Latané, Bibb, Nida, Steve · 1981 · Psychological Bulletin

Show all 4 references

Cited by (8)

  1. Prosocial Behavior: Multilevel Perspectives
    Penner., Louis A., Dovidio., John F., Piliavin., Jane A., Schroeder., David A. · 2005 · Annual Review of Psychology
  2. Enhancing Our Lives with Immersive Virtual Reality
    Slater, Mel, Sanchez-Vives, Maria V. · 2016 · Frontiers in Robotics and AI
  3. The Use of Virtual Reality in Psychology: A Case Study in Visual Perception
    Wilson, Christopher J., Soranzo, Alessandro · 2015 · Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine
  4. Cooperation in Groups of Different Sizes: The Effects of Punishment and Reputation-Based Partner Choice
    Wu, Junhui, Balliet, Daniel, Peperkoorn, Leonard S., Romano, Angelo, Van Lange, Paul A. M. · 2020 · Frontiers in Psychology
  5. Perceived social presence reduces fact-checking
    Jun, Youjung, Meng, Rachel, Johar, Gita Venkataramani · 2017 · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

See all 356

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Crowded minds: The implicit bystander effect. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1037//0022-3514.83.4.843
The paper
Garcia, S. M., Weaver, K., Moskowitz, G. B., & Darley, J. M. (2002). Crowded minds: The implicit bystander effect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.83.4.843

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.