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Cited by 1,569

Prosocial Behavior: Multilevel Perspectives

Penner., Louis A., Dovidio., John F., Piliavin., Jane A., Schroeder., David A.·2005·Annual Review of Psychology
DOI 10.1146/annurev.psych.56.091103.070141
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Abstract

Current research on prosocial behavior covers a broad and diverse range of phenomena. We argue that this large research literature can be best organized and understood from a multilevel perspective. We identify three levels of analysis of prosocial behavior: (a) the “meso” level—the study of helper-recipient dyads in the context of a specific situation; (b) the micro level—the study of the origins of prosocial tendencies and the sources of variation in these tendencies; and (c) the macro level—the study of prosocial actions that occur within the context of groups and large organizations. We present research at each level and discuss similarities and differences across levels. Finally, we consider ways in which theory and research at these three levels of analysis might be combined in future intra- and interdisciplinary research on prosocial behavior.

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Crossref · 10.1146/annurev.psych.56.091103.070141

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  • Penner's interactionist model and the multilevel perspective of Penner et al. integrate dispositional and organizational influences across levels, but they treat outcomes as downstream rather than as a constitutive dimension and do not generate a configural prediction for extreme helping.

    “Penner's interactionist model (3) and the multilevel perspective of Penner et al. (11) integrate dispositional and organizational influences across levels, but they treat outcomes as downstream rather than as a constitutive dimension and do not generate a configural prediction for extreme helping.”

    From Volunteerism as a multidimensional form of human prosocial engagement (2026) · cites this paper as [11]

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Authors
Penner., L. A., Dovidio., J. F., Piliavin., J. A., & Schroeder., D. A.
Affiliations
  • Karmanos Cancer Institute/Family Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 40202, and Research Center for Group Dynamics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109;
  • Psychology Department, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269;
  • Department of Sociology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706;
  • University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701;
Venue
Annual Review of Psychology
Publisher
Annual Reviews
Published
2005-02-01
Volume
56
Issue
1
Pages
365-392
ISSN
  • 0066-4308
  • 1545-2085
DOI
10.1146/annurev.psych.56.091103.070141
Cited by
1,569
References
12
Language
en

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