Cited by 1,297Behavioral Health and InterventionsGrit, Self-Efficacy, and MotivationNeural and Behavioral Psychology Studies

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 76 of the 85 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Self-control relies on glucose as a limited energy source: Willpower is more than a metaphor.

Gailliot, Matthew T., Baumeister, Roy F., DeWall, C. Nathan, Maner, Jon K., Plant, E. Ashby, Tice, Dianne M., Brewer, Lauren E., Schmeichel, Brandon J.·2007·Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

DOI 10.1037/0022-3514.92.2.325

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

The present work suggests that self-control relies on glucose as a limited energy source. Laboratory tests of self-control (i.e., the Stroop task, thought suppression, emotion regulation, attention control) and of social behaviors (i.e., helping behavior, coping with thoughts of death, stifling prejudice during an interracial interaction) showed that (a) acts of self-control reduced blood glucose levels, (b) low levels of blood glucose after an initial self-control task predicted poor performance on a subsequent self-control task, and (c) initial acts of self-control impaired performance on subsequent self-control tasks, but consuming a glucose drink eliminated these impairments. Self-control requires a certain amount of glucose to operate unimpaired. A single act of self-control causes glucose to drop below optimal levels, thereby impairing subsequent attempts at self-control.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1037/0022-3514.92.2.325

Cites

76 of 76 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Multiple regression: testing and interpreting interactions
(1992) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.29-3352 · Cited by 36,647
Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales.
Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.54.6.1063 · Cited by 32,433
The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud
Freud, S. (1953) · Cited by 17,730
Untitled work
(1976) · Cited by 10,423
A General Theory of Crime
Gottfredson, M. R., & Hirschi, T. (1990) · doi:10.1515/9781503621794 · Cited by 10,127
A new scale of social desirability independent of psychopathology.
Crowne, D. P., & Marlowe, D. (1960) · Journal of Consulting Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0047358 · Cited by 8,686
High self-control predicts good adjustment, less pathology, better grades, and interpersonal success
Tangney, J. P., Baumeister, R. F., & Boone, A. L. (2004) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.0022-3506.2004.00263.x · Cited by 6,557
Self-citation
Ego depletion: Is the active self a limited resource?
Baumeister, R. F., Bratslavsky, E., Muraven, M., & Tice, D. M. (1998) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.74.5.1252 · Cited by 5,312
Self-citation
The Cognitive neurosciences
(2005) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.43-0626 · Cited by 4,726
Self-regulation and depletion of limited resources: Does self-control resemble a muscle?
Muraven, M., & Baumeister, R. F. (2000) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.126.2.247 · Cited by 4,510
Self-citation

Show all 85 references

Research works printed but not linked: 3

Aries, P. (1981). The hour of our death. New York: Oxford University Press.
Baumeister, R. F., Gailliot, M. T., DeWall, C. N., & Oaten, M. (in press). Self-regulation and personality: Strength-boosting interventions and trait moderators of ego depletion. Journal of Personality.
Becker, E. (1973). The denial of death. New York: Academic Press.

Sorted by citations

Items 801–900 of 999

Executive functions and memory in Parkinson's disease patients with Deep Brain Stimulation
Arten, T. L. D. S., & Hamdan, A. C. (2022) · Aging and Health Research · doi:10.1016/j.ahr.2022.100065 · Cited by 4
A Review of Intertemporal Decision Making in Neuroscience and Psychology: Time Perception, Attentional Resources, and Emotion
Li, S., Zhou, M., & Attia, A. (2022) · Lecture notes on data engineering and communications technologies · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-10385-8_46 · Cited by 4
Finansal Performansın Bütünleşik Entropi Tabanlı TOPSIS Yöntemi İle Değerlendirilmesi: BİST Gıda, İçki ve Tütün Alt Sektöründe Bir Uygulama
Demir, F., Altun, E., & Öksüz, O. (2023) · Özgür Yayınları eBooks · doi:10.58830/ozgur.pub147.c1227 · Cited by 4
Effect of managers' sleep quality on authoritarian leadership dynamics and employees' counterproductive behavior
Jiang, R., & Lin, X. (2024) · Journal of Managerial Psychology · doi:10.1108/jmp-04-2023-0215 · Cited by 5
Resource Depletion Promotes Automatic Processing: Implications for Distribution of Practice
Scheel, M. H. (2010) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.2466/04.22.pr0.107.6.860-872 · Cited by 5
Dynamic of changes in health of 10-11 years old gymnasium boys under influence of comprehensive education’s load
Proskurov, E. (2015) · Pedagogics psychology medical-biological problems of physical training and sports · doi:10.15561/18189172.2015.0706 · Cited by 4
Work-life balance, identity salience and break taking behaviors in Indian expatriates
Vijayakumar, P. B. (2015) · Cited by 4
The role of valence weighting in impulse control
Zunick, P. V., Samayoa, J. A. G., & Fázio, R. H. (2017) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2016.11.014 · Cited by 4
Promoting Fairness in the Workplace: Identifying and Overcoming the Barriers to Managerial Fairness in Organizations
Whiteside, D. B. (2015) · Scholars Commons (Wilfrid Laurier University) · Cited by 4
Formative Evaluation: Developing a Framework for Using Assessment Data to Plan Instruction
Hosp, J. L. (2012) · Focus on Exceptional Children · doi:10.17161/foec.v44i9.6915 · Cited by 4
The Perception of Available Resources Influences the After-Effect of Cognitive Control on Cognitive Performance and Pain
Silvestrini, N., Vuignier, E., Matthey, A., & Piguet, V. (2019) · Social Psychology · doi:10.1027/1864-9335/a000386 · Cited by 4
Business Model Transformation of Legacy Newspapers in The Age of The Digital Attention Economy
Bakke, N. A., Barland, J., & Fetveit, A. (2020) · doi:10.23865/noasp.118.ch1 · Cited by 6
Association of natural sleep with moral utilitarianism: No evidence from 6 preregistered studies
Trémolière, B., & Gosling, C. J. (2021) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/s13423-021-01945-6 · Cited by 5
Mood Influences the Perception of the Sitting Affordance
Vegas, C., & Laurent, É. (2021) · Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics · doi:10.3758/s13414-021-02419-6 · Cited by 1
Development of a biomathematical model for human alertness and fatigue risk assessment based on the concept of energy
Sun, J., & Sun, R. (2022) · Ergonomics · doi:10.1080/00140139.2022.2163299 · Cited by 4
Living Subjectivity and Cultural-historical Method: Limits to Applicability
Subbotsky, E. V. (2023) · Moscow University Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.11621/lpj-23-20 · Cited by 4
A controller-peripheral architecture and costly energy principle for learning
Luo, X., Mok, R. M., Roads, B. D., & Love, B. C. (2023) · Conference on Cognitive Computational Neuroscience (CCN) · doi:10.32470/ccn.2023.1593-0 · Cited by 5
Driving While Hungry: The effect of fasting on traffic accidents
Gulek, A. (2021) · Journal of Development Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jdeveco.2024.103260 · Cited by 4
Study on the Potential of Videogames for Motivating People to Pursue Their Own Goals
Madera, S., & Figueroa, P. (2019) · International Conference on Virtual Reality and Visualization · doi:10.1109/icvrv47840.2019.00035 · Cited by 4
Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Kişiler Arası Duygu Düzenlemenin Yordayıcıları Olarak Öz Denetim ve Temel Psikolojik İhtiyaç Doyumu
Samiye, O. G. A. N., & Soysal, F. S. Ö. (2021) · Buca eğitim fakültesi dergisi (Online)/Buca Eğitim Fakültesi dergisi · doi:10.53444/deubefd.871905 · Cited by 7
The Relationship between Blood Glucose Levels and Performance at Cognitive Processing and Motor Coordination Tasks
Ciolacu, M. V., & Chraif, M. P. (2015) · Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.03.166 · Cited by 4
Grit, Self-Control and the Fear of Failure
Gitter, S. A. (2008) · Cited by 4
Sugar levels relate to aggression in couples without supporting the glucose model of self-control
Lange, F., & Kurzban, R. (2014) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00572 · Cited by 4
Adaptive diversity and misbelief
Cokely, E. T., & Feltz, A. (2009) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x09991415 · Cited by 4
Desires and dispositions
Ashwell, L. (2009) · Cited by 4
Heavy-heartedness biases your weight perception
Min, B., & Choi, I. (2015) · The Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/00224545.2015.1129305 · Cited by 4
WHY WAS EMIL KRAEPELIN NOT RECOGNIZED AS A PSYCHOLOGIST?; pp. 369–391
Allïk, J. (2016) · Trames Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences · doi:10.3176/tr.2016.4.04 · Cited by 7
Mindset switching increases the use of 'want-based' over 'should-based' behaviors
Yan, J., Zhang, N., & Xu, D.-X. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0196269 · Cited by 4
Pressing the rewarding button: The relationship between impulsivity, fatigue, and reward sensitivity
Bell, S. B., & DeWall, C. N. (2019) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2019.01.004 · Cited by 4
Self-citation
Ego Depletion and Delay of Gratification
Subramaniam, S. (2011) · Cited by 4
Need for Recovery and Ineffective Self-Management
Cunningham, C. J. L. (2007) · OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network) · Cited by 4
Fired for what you post online? A self-regulatory perspective on inappropriate online self-presentation
Muscanell, N. L. (2013) · Cited by 4
The Impact of Time at Work and Time off from Work on Rule Compliance: The Case of Hand Hygiene in HealthcarePreprint
Dai, H., Milkman, K. L., Hofmann, D. A., & Staats, B. R. (2013) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2320114 · Cited by 4
Making Sense of Ego Depletion: The Replication Crisis, a Path Forward, and Lessons for Accounting ResearchersPreprint
Hurley, P. J. (2021) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3794259 · Cited by 5
What You Don't Know Can Hurt You: Uncertainty Depletes Self-Control Resources
Alquist, J. (2010) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e527772014-710 · Cited by 1
Self-citation
Control Limited Perceptual Decision MakingPreprint
de Saa, J. R. C., & Renart, A. (2022) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2022.06.24.497481 · Cited by 5
Attachment and Delayed Gratification in the Technological Age
Pomerantz, S. (2013) · Seton Hall University eRepository (Seton Hall University) · Cited by 4
Ego Depletion: Applications and Implications for Auditing ResearchPreprint
Hurley, P. J. (2013) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2369031 · Cited by 4
Timing nature’s call: how circadian rhythms affect tourists’ pro-environmental intention
Zou, R., Lu, L., Hua, M., Sun, X., & Si, M. (2025) · Journal of Sustainable Tourism · doi:10.1080/09669582.2025.2539281 · Cited by 3
The impact of social media overload on learning engagement: a moderated mediation model
Duan, N., Li, L.-N., Kanchanapoom, K., Qi, Z., & Xu, T.-F. (2025) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-025-03557-4 · Cited by 5
A systematic review of ego depletion phenomenon in group-based hierarchical relations
Genç, F., & Kuşdil, M. E. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1569692 · Cited by 3
Gaining insights into elementary school students' experiences of soft skills at school
Aygün, H. E., Zeren, Ş. G., Aşıkcan, M., Suskan, T., & TAKAN, E. N. (2026) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2026.107158 · Cited by 5
Hotel managers' sleep quality, ethical leadership, and hotel employees' proactive behavior
Jiang, R. (2026) · International Journal of Hospitality Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijhm.2026.104555 · Cited by 3
Merging Cognitive and Sociocultural Approaches: Toward Better Understandings of the Processes of Developing Thinking and Reasoning
Webb, P., & Whitlow, J. W. (. (2019) · Contemporary trends and issues in science education · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-24013-4_2 · Cited by 3
The Role of Glycaemic Control in Cognitive Functioning
Elliott, J. M. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-15-6771-1_6 · Cited by 2
Fasting and honesty: Experimental evidence from Egypt
Rabie, D., Rashwan, M. H., & Miniesy, R. S. (2024) · Economic Inquiry · doi:10.1111/ecin.13208 · Cited by 3
Self-regulatory resources and institutional formation: An experiment
Kamei, K. (2024) · Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization · doi:10.1016/j.jebo.2024.04.016 · Cited by 3
A Cross-Lagged Longitudinal Model of the Relationships Between Self-Compassion, Spiritual Well-Being, and Burnout Among Taiwanese Clergy
Lee, H.-C., & Fung, J. J. (2024) · Journal of Psychology and Theology · doi:10.1177/00916471241300156 · Cited by 3
Breakfast skipping and depressive symptoms in an epidemiological youth sample in Hong Kong: the mediating role of reduced attentional control
Wong, S. M. Y., Choi, O., Suen, Y. N., Hui, C. L. M., Lee, E. H. M., Chan, S. K. W., & Chen, E. Y. H. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1574119 · Cited by 3
Depletion Effects Reduce the Preference for Distraction (but Not Reappraisal) During Emotion Regulation
Huang, R., Le, M., Yuan, J., & Yang, J. (2025) · PsyCh Journal · doi:10.1002/pchj.70021 · Cited by 3
Applying Neuroscience and Biometrics to the Practice of Marketing
Żurawicki, L. (2010) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-77829-5_5 · Cited by 3
Traps: Intractable Conflict as a Dynamical System
Vallacher, R. R., Coleman, P. T., Nowak, A. K., Bui‐Wrzosinska, L., Liebovitch, L. S., Kugler, K. G., & Bartolí, A. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-35280-5_5 · Cited by 3
Ego depletion in visual perception: Ego-depleted viewers experience less ambiguous figure reversal
Wimmer, M. C., Stirk, S., & Hancock, P. (2017) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/s13423-017-1247-2 · Cited by 3
员工负性情绪对情绪劳动策略的影响
Yanran, F. A. N. G., Wei, W., Ping, L. U. O., Xiaodong, L. I. U., Shi, J., & Zhan, Y. (2019) · Acta Psychologica Sinica · doi:10.3724/sp.j.1041.2019.00353 · Cited by 3
Millennials’ Sleep and Unethical Behavior: Testing the Relationship between Sleep and Academic Dishonesty of Millennials in a Korean University
Ha, S. (2020) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su12093902 · Cited by 3
Personality Traits and Mental Disorders
Hakulinen, C. A., Jokela, M. M., Mika Kivimaki, B., & Elovainio, M. J. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.018 · Cited by 4
Anxiety, Depression and Cognitive Dysfunction
Eysenck, M. W., & Holmes, A. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.033 · Cited by 3
Personality at Work
Salgado, J. F., Anderson, N. R., & Moscoso, S. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.040 · Cited by 4
Influences of Prolonged Fasting on Behavioral and Brain Patterns
Papalini, S., Berthold‐Losleben, M., & Kohn, N. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-55387-0_30 · Cited by 3
Partitioning online experiential consumption increases subjective well-being during the times of uncertainty
Cho, Y., Kim, J., Kwack, S. Y., & Youn, N. (2022) · International Journal of Advertising · doi:10.1080/02650487.2022.2131183 · Cited by 3
Approaching lifelong learning: An integrated framework for explaining decision-making processes in personal and professional development
Mendes, A., Greiff, S., & Bobrowicz, K. (2024) · Trends in Neuroscience and Education · doi:10.1016/j.tine.2024.100230 · Cited by 8
Evaluation of grant proposals and abstracts – the influence of individual evaluation style on ratings
Król, G., & Kowalczyk, K. K. (2014) · Problemy Zarządzania - Management Issues · doi:10.7172/1644-9584.45.9 · Cited by 3
Lead us not into temptation: The seven deadly sins as a taxonomy of temptations
Burkley, E., Burkley, M., Curtis, J., & Hatvany, T. C. (2018) · Social and Personality Psychology Compass · doi:10.1111/spc3.12416 · Cited by 4
Models of Personality Structure
Raad, B. D., & Barelds, D. P. H. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.012 · Cited by 4
Cognitive Processes and Models
Matthews, G. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.028 · Cited by 5
“Pause and plan” includes the liver: Self-regulatory effort slows alcohol metabolism for those low in self-control
Eisenlohr-Moul, T. A., Fillmore, M. T., & Segerstrom, S. C. (2012) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2012.06.006 · Cited by 3
Difficile persistance dans le traitement des maladies chroniques : une analyse conceptuelle du modèle de Prochaska
Reach, G. (2008) · Médecine des Maladies Métaboliques · doi:10.1016/s1957-2557(08)74912-5 · Cited by 3
Temporal Patterns of Subjective Experiences and Self-Regulation during Ramadan Fasting among Elite Archers: A Qualitative Analysis
Roy, J., Hamidan, S., & Singh, R. (2011) · Asian Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.5812/asjsm.34755 · Cited by 3
Don’t Tell Me What to Do
Buzinski, S. G., & Price, A. (2015) · SAGE Open · doi:10.1177/2158244015602751 · Cited by 3
A conceptual model of ego depletion and alcohol-related aggression
Sheehan, B. E., & Lau‐Barraco, C. (2016) · Aggression and Violent Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.avb.2016.08.002 · Cited by 3
Heroism and the Pursuit of Meaning
Green, J. D., Tongeren, D. R. V., Cairo, A. H., & Hagiwara, N. (2016) · doi:10.4324/9781315690100.ch27 · Cited by 3
Partner self-esteem and interpersonal risk: Rejection from a low self-esteem partner constrains connection and increases depletion
Peterson, J. L., DeHart, T., Bellows, A., Giguere, B., & Sherman, J. (2018) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2018.09.006 · Cited by 4
Resolutions, salient reasons, and weakness of will
Johnson, C. M. (2019) · Synthese · doi:10.1007/s11229-019-02393-5 · Cited by 3
Rebound effects in persuasion: considering potential ironic effects of suppression and correction / Efectos rebote en la persuasión: una consideración de los posibles efectos irónicos de la supresión y la corrección
Silva, P. P., Garcia‐Marques, T., & Wegener, D. T. (2019) · International Journal of Social Psychology Revista de Psicología Social · doi:10.1080/02134748.2019.1649962 · Cited by 3
Basic Needs, Goals and Motivation
Szalma, J. L. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.030 · Cited by 3
PENGARUH SELF-CONTROL, SELF-ESTEEM, PARENTING STYLE, DAN LONELINESS TERHADAP ADIKSI SMARTPHONE SISWA SMA
Nurhayat, K. (2021) · Jurnal Bikotetik (Bimbingan dan Konseling Teori dan Praktik) · doi:10.26740/bikotetik.v5n1.p22-32 · Cited by 3
Working Under the Gun: A Theoretical Analysis of Stressors Associated With the Re-negotiation of Norms and Control of Work Tasks During COVID-19
Kant, L., & Norman, E. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.577769 · Cited by 4
On the Relationships Between Humour, Stress and Flow Experience—Introducing the Humour-Flow Model
Bartzik, M., & Peifer, C. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-78280-1_24 · Cited by 3
Personality in Cross-Cultural Perspective
Dragūns, J. G., & Tanaka‐Matsumi, J. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.037 · Cited by 4
Polish Validation of the Delaying Gratification Inventory
Dymek, A., & Jurek, P. (2018) · Polish Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.24425/119477 · Cited by 3
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Dishonesty is more affected by BMI status than by short-term changes in glucose
di Sorrentino, E. P., Herrmann, B., & Villeval, M. C. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-68291-w · Cited by 3
Retracted
The Neuroscience of Coaching
Bowman, M. C., Ayers, K. M., King, J. C., & Page, L. J. (2012) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118326459.ch6 · Cited by 3
OVER-TIRED AND UNDER CONTROL? SLEEP DEPRIVATION, RESOURCE DEPLETION, AND WORKPLACE DEVIANCE
Christian, M. S. (2010) · UA Campus Repository (The University of Arizona) · Cited by 3
Conquering fatigue: the battle for engagement
Hopstaken, J. F. (2016) · EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) · Cited by 3
The Self Guides Conservation of Its Regulatory Resources
Maranges, H. M., & Baumeister, R. F. (2017) · Psychological Inquiry · doi:10.1080/1047840x.2017.1337398 · Cited by 3
Self-citation
The Evolution of Self-Control in the BrainPreprint
Jimenez‐Gomez, D. (2018) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3146985 · Cited by 3
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MOOD, EMOTIONAL LABOR, EGO DEPLETION, AND CUSTOMER OUTCOMES OVER TIME
McKibben, E. S. (2010) · TigerPrints (Clemson University) · Cited by 3
An appraisal framework to understand why negative affect is both good and bad for self-controlPreprint
Saunders, B., & Inzlicht, M. (2018) · PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/3d8fk · Cited by 3
The relationship between ego-depletion and sensory processing sensitivity
Sobocko, K. (2012) · doi:10.22215/etd/2012-06777 · Cited by 3
Shifting Minds: A Quantitative Reappraisal of Cognitive Intervention ResearchPreprint
Moreau, D. (2020) · PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/ns7fh · Cited by 7
Self-ControlPreprint
Hofmann, W. (2023) · doi:10.31219/osf.io/qm4xb · Cited by 3
What is mental effort: a clinical perspectivePreprint
Wolpe, N., Holton, R., & Fletcher, P. C. (2023) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/tkbq3 · Cited by 3
Smile, but don't Wear Yourself Out Doing So: Emotional Labor, Ego Depletion, Customer Anger, and Performance Over Time
McKibben, E. S. (2008) · TigerPrints (Clemson University) · Cited by 3
The role of energetic resources on perception and physical activity choices
Taylor-Covill, G. A. H. (2013) · University of Birmingham Institutional Research Archive (University of Birmingham) · Cited by 3
THE BASIC INTERPRETATIONS OF VOLITION IN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE ENERGETIC APPROACH
Smirnova, O. Y., & Павлович, С. В. (2018) · Bulletin of Kemerovo State University · doi:10.21603/2078-8975-2018-4-165-174 · Cited by 2
Exercising self-control increases responsivity to hedonic and eudaimonic rewards
Huang, C.-L., Zhou, Z., Angus, D. J., Sedikides, C., & Kelley, N. J. (2025) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsaf016 · Cited by 2
How limited cognitive resources impact the attentional effects of self-talk: An eye-tracking study in dart
Geng, L., Zou, R., Li, J., Yu, L., & Hong, X. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0319601 · Cited by 2
The effect of ego-depletion on college students’ deceptive behavior: the role of anonymity and moral emotions
Ren, L., Ning, M., Chen, Z., & Zhang, S. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1506966 · Cited by 2
Radiologists are Human Too: Addressing the Impacts of Occupational Exhaustion, Travel History, and Hunger on Mammography Reading Performance
Alshabibi, A. S. A., Alhujaili, S. F., Qenam, B. A., Aloufi, A. S., Albeshan, S. M., Almusined, M. M., Alotabibi, A., & Khoumais, N. A. (2025) · Academic Radiology · doi:10.1016/j.acra.2025.04.067 · Cited by 2
Parental psychological control and cyberbullying among adolescents: the mediating roles of sleep quality and moral disengagement and the moderating role of grade
Xu, J., Dai, S.-F., Jiang, S., & Xu, H. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1664970 · Cited by 3

Authors: Gailliot, M. T., Baumeister, R. F., DeWall, C. N., Maner, J. K., Plant, E. A., Tice, D. M., Brewer, L. E., & Schmeichel, B. J.
Affiliations: Florida State University (US)
Texas A&M University (US)
ORCID: Baumeister, Roy F.
DeWall, C. Nathan
Maner, Jon K.
Plant, E. Ashby
Tice, Dianne M.
Brewer, Lauren E.
Schmeichel, Brandon J.
Venue: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 2007
Volume: 92
Issue: 2
Pages: 325-336
ISSN: 0022-3514 (ISSN-L)
1939-1315
DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.92.2.325
OpenAlex: W2146569853
Semantic Scholar: 06145bac99b1596e45a37c17913d624202836e56
Cited by: 1,297
References: 85
Citations by year: 2026: 20 · 2025: 39 · 2024: 53 · 2023: 36 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 57 · 2020: 98 · 2019: 65 · 2018: 75 · 2017: 72 · 2016: 92 · 2015: 95 · 2014: 101 · 2013: 104 · 2012: 102
FWCI: 88.03
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Grit, Self-Efficacy, and Motivation
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Keywords: self-control, glucose, blood glucose, energy depletion, Stroop task, thought suppression, emotion regulation, attentional control, helping behavior, fear of death, prejudice, interracial interaction, glucose supplementation, cognitive performance
MeSH terms: Analysis of Variance, Attention, Blood Glucose, Emotions, Female, Helping Behavior, Humans, Inhibition, Psychological, Male, Prejudice, Psychophysiology, Social Control, Informal

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Self-control relies on glucose as a limited energy source: Willpower is more than a metaphor.

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks