The DOI matches its Crossref record; 74 of the 74 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Not so innocent: Does seeing one's own capability for wrongdoing predict forgiveness?
Abstract
People are more forgiving toward transgressors if they see themselves as capable of committing similar offenses, as demonstrated in 7 studies. Methods included hypothetical scenarios, actual recalled offenses, individual and group processes, and correlational and experimental designs. Three factors mediated the link between personal capability and forgiveness: seeing the other's offense as less severe, greater empathic understanding, and perceiving oneself as similar to the transgressor. In terms of predicting forgiveness, it was important that people's own offenses were similar to the target offense in terms of both severity and type. The personal capability effect was independent of other established predictors of forgiveness and was more pronounced among men than women.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Experimental results link self-compassion with forgiveness. That is, people asked to purposefully look for similarities between themselves and transgressors were more likely to be forgiving than others who did not do so (Exline et al., 2008).”
From Gratitude and forgiveness: convergence and divergence on self-report and informant ratings. (2010) · cites this paper as Exline et al., 2008
Citations
Cites
Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2008) · Behavior Research Methods · doi:10.3758/brm.40.3.879 · Cited by 34,117
Society and the Adolescent Self-Image
Rosenberg, M. (1965) · doi:10.1515/9781400876136 · Cited by 30,126
SPSS and SAS procedures for estimating indirect effects in simple mediation models
Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2004) · Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers · doi:10.3758/bf03206553 · Cited by 17,383
Asymptotic Confidence Intervals for Indirect Effects in Structural Equation Models
Sobel, M. E. (1982) · Sociological Methodology · doi:10.2307/270723 · Cited by 12,810
Measuring individual differences in empathy: Evidence for a multidimensional approach.
Davis, M. H. (1983) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.44.1.113 · Cited by 10,272
Handbook of Positive Psychology
(2001) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780195135336.001.0001 · Cited by 9,158
The emotional dog and its rational tail: A social intuitionist approach to moral judgment.
Haidt, J. (2001) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.108.4.814 · Cited by 8,048
The Development and Validation of a Scale to Measure Self-Compassion
NEFF, K. D. (2003) · Self and Identity · doi:10.1080/15298860309027 · Cited by 6,436
Character Strengths and Virtues: A Handbook and Classification
Morrow, C. E. (2004) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.42-0624 · Cited by 6,166
Goffman, E. (1955) · Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/00332747.1955.11023008 · Cited by 2,878
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Changes in Dispositional Empathy in American College Students Over Time: A Meta-Analysis
Konrath, S., O’Brien, E. H., & Hsing, C. K. (2010) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1177/1088868310377395 · Cited by 1,058
The road to forgiveness: A meta-analytic synthesis of its situational and dispositional correlates
Fehr, R., Gelfand, M. J., & Nag, M. (2010) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0019993 · Cited by 749
Relational Humility: Conceptualizing and Measuring Humility as a Personality Judgment
Davis, D. E., Hook, J. N., Worthington, E. L., Tongeren, D. R. V., Gartner, A. L., Jennings, D. J., & Emmons, R. A. (2011) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1080/00223891.2011.558871 · Cited by 368
“Moreover, victims have been found to be more likely to forgive when they considered themselves capable of committing a similar offense ( Exline, Baumeister, Zell, Kraft, & Witvliet, 2008 ; Exline, Zell, Malcolm, DeCourville, & Belicki, 2008 ).”
BackgroundTwenge, J. M., & Foster, J. D. (2010) · Social Psychological and Personality Science · doi:10.1177/1948550609355719 · Cited by 365
Humble leadership: A review and synthesis of leader expressed humility
Kelemen, T. K., Matthews, S. H., Matthews, M. J., & Henry, S. E. (2023) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.2608 · Cited by 203
Metadata
- Authors
- Exline, J. J., Baumeister, R. F., Zell, A. L., Kraft, A. J., & Witvliet, C. V. O.
- Affiliations
- Case Western Reserve University (US)
- Florida State University (US)
- Arizona State University (US)
- Hope College (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
- Published
- 2008-03
- Volume
- 94
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 495-515
- ISSN
- 0022-3514 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1315
- OpenAlex
- W2035114357
- Cited by
- 146
- References
- 74
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 16.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Forgiveness and Related Behaviors
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Emotions and Moral Behavior
- Keywords
- forgiveness, transgressors, perceived similarity, empathy, gender differences, self-perception, interpersonal transgressions
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Anger, Attitude, Empathy, Female, Group Processes, Guilt, Humans, Individuality, Interpersonal Relations, Male, Motivation, Mental Recall, Sex Factors, Social Behavior, Social Perception, Students
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
