The DOI matches its Crossref record; 172 of the 173 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Gender differences in risk taking: a meta-analysis
Abstract
The authors conducted a meta-analysis of 150 studies in which the risk-taking tendencies of male and female participants were compared. Studies were coded with respect to type of task (e.g., self-reported behaviors vs. observed behaviors), task content (e.g., smoking vs. sex), and 5 age levels. Results showed that the average effects for 14 out of 16 types of risk taking were significantly larger than 0 (indicating greater risk taking in male participants) and that nearly half of the effects were greater than .20. However, certain topics (e.g., intellectual risk taking and physical skills) produced larger gender differences than others (e.g., smoking). In addition, the authors found that (a) there were significant shifts in the size of the gender gap between successive age levels, and (b) the gender gap seems to be growing smaller over time. The discussion focuses on the meaning of the results for theories of risk taking and the need for additional studies to clarify age trends.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Later, several studies pointed out the greater risk-taking tendency of male teenagers [43,44] , which is attributed to more than two times fatal crash rates than their counterparts [45] .”
From Understanding the potential key risk factors associated with teen driver crashes in the United States: A literature review (2023) · cites this paper as [43]
In the citing paper
“Another relevant difference is that women are typically found to be more risk-averse than men (for reviews of the literature, see Byrnes et al., 1999; Croson & Gneezy, 2009; Eckel & Grossman, 2008).”
From Talking the talk, not walking the walk: The coevolution of overconfidence and loss aversion (2026) · cites this paper as Byrnes et al., 1999
In the citing paper
“In addition, sexual competition takes different forms in males and females, with males engaging in more physical aggression and substantially higher levels of risk-taking behavior (e.g., Archer, 2009; Byrnes et al., 1999; Kruger and Nesse, 2006; Wilson et al., 2002).”
From The Adaptive Calibration Model of stress responsivity (2011) · cites this paper as Byrnes et al., 1999
Citations
Cites
Prospect theory: An analysis of decision under risk
Kahneman, D. J., & Tversky, A. (1988) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511609220.014 · Cited by 32,720
The Framing of Decisions and the Psychology of Choice
Tversky, A., & Kahneman, D. (1981) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7455683 · Cited by 18,497
Wasserman, S. S., Hedges, L. V., & Olkin, I. (1988) · Journal of Educational Statistics · doi:10.2307/1164953 · Cited by 10,377
Cohen, J. (1992) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037//0033-2909.112.1.155 · Cited by 8,771
Payne, G., Dingwall, R. W. J., Payne, J., & Carter, M. (1981) · Nottingham Trent University's Institutional Repository (Nottingham Trent Repository) · Cited by 5,015
The Handbook of Research Synthesis.
Howel, D., Cooper, H., & Hedges, L. V. (1995) · Biometrics · doi:10.2307/2533295 · Cited by 3,657
Leave, C., Payne, J. W., Bettman, J. R., & Johnson, E. J. (1994) · Journal of the Operational Research Society · doi:10.2307/2584298 · Cited by 3,318
Sex Differences in Cognitive Abilities
Halpern, D. F. (2000) · Psychology Press eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781410605290 · Cited by 1,989
Parametric measures of effect size.
Rosenthal, R. (1994) · Cited by 1,856
The development of achievement task values: A theoretical analysis
Wigfield, A., & Eccles, J. S. (1992) · Developmental Review · doi:10.1016/0273-2297(92)90011-p · Cited by 1,717
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 701–800 of 1,005
Roszkowski, M. J., & Grable, J. E. (2005) · Journal of Behavioral Finance · doi:10.1207/s15427579jpfm0604_2 · Cited by 50
Individualized Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
Ioannidis, J. P. A., & Garber, A. M. (2011) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001058 · Cited by 50
Increased costs reduce reciprocal helping behaviour of humans in a virtual evacuation experiment
Bode, N. W. F., Miller, J., O’Gorman, R., & Codling, E. A. (2015) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep15896 · Cited by 55
Men and the Middle: Gender Differences in Dyadic Compromise Effects
Nikolova, H. D., & Lamberton, C. P. (2016) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1093/jcr/ucw035 · Cited by 50
Gender and international entry mode
Pergelova, A., Angulo‐Ruiz, F., & Yordanova, D. I. (2018) · International Small Business Journal Researching Entrepreneurship · doi:10.1177/0266242618763012 · Cited by 50
Virtual Reality as a New Approach for Risk Taking Assessment
de-Juan-Ripoll, C., Soler-Dominguez, J. L., Guixeres, J., Contero, M., Gutiérrez, N. Á., & Alcañíz, M. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02532 · Cited by 55
The survival of newly-incorporated companies and founding director characteristics
Wilson, N., Wright, M., & Altanlar, A. (2013) · International Small Business Journal Researching Entrepreneurship · doi:10.1177/0266242613476317 · Cited by 50
Math skills and risk attitudes
Brañas‐Garza, P., Guillén, P., & del Paso, R. L. (2007) · Economics Letters · doi:10.1016/j.econlet.2007.08.008 · Cited by 50
Network Trust and Trust Behaviors Among Executives in Supply Chain Interactions
Choi, E. W., Özer, Ö., & Zheng, Y. (2020) · Management Science · doi:10.1287/mnsc.2019.3499 · Cited by 49
Local Responses to a Global Pandemic: Women Mayors Lead the Way
Funk, K. D. (2020) · Politics & Gender · doi:10.1017/s1743923x20000410 · Cited by 49
Board Characteristics and performance of listed firms in Ghana
Andoh, J. A. N., Abugri, B. A., & Anarfo, E. B. (2022) · Corporate Governance · doi:10.1108/cg-08-2020-0344 · Cited by 60
The influence of performance level, age and gender on pacing strategy during a 100‐km ultramarathon
Renfree, A., do Carmo, E. C., & Martin, L. (2015) · European Journal of Sport Science · doi:10.1080/17461391.2015.1041061 · Cited by 49
Losses Induce Consistency in Risk Taking Even Without Loss Aversion
Yechiam, E., & Telpaz, A. (2011) · Journal of Behavioral Decision Making · doi:10.1002/bdm.758 · Cited by 51
Bowling, N. A., & Burns, G. N. (2014) · Journal of Business and Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10869-013-9342-5 · Cited by 49
Jørgensen, V., Forslund, E. B., Franzén, E., Opheim, A. I., Seiger, Å., Ståhle, A., Hultling, C., Stanghelle, J. K., Wahman, K., & Roaldsen, K. S. (2016) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2016.04.024 · Cited by 49
Puberty Predicts Approach But Not Avoidance on the Iowa Gambling Task in a Multinational Sample
Icenogle, G., Steinberg, L. D., Olino, T. M., Shulman, E. P., Chein, J. M., Alampay, L. P., Al‐Hassan, S. M., Takash, H. M. S., Bacchini, D., Chang, L., et al. (2016) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/cdev.12655 · Cited by 50
Multiple Switching and Data Quality in the Multiple Price List
Yu, C. W., Zhang, Y. J., & Zuo, S. X. (2020) · The Review of Economics and Statistics · doi:10.1162/rest_a_00895 · Cited by 49
Effect of duration of diabetes on bone mineral density: a population study on East Asian males
Jang, M., Kim, H.-K., Lea, S., Oh, S., Kim, J. S., & Oh, B. (2018) · BMC Endocrine Disorders · doi:10.1186/s12902-018-0290-y · Cited by 49
Gender consequences of a national performance-based funding model: new pieces in an old puzzle
Nielsen, M. W. (2015) · Studies in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/03075079.2015.1075197 · Cited by 48
Confidence and economic attitudes
Pirinsky, C. A. (2013) · Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization · doi:10.1016/j.jebo.2013.04.013 · Cited by 53
Gender Differences in Student Financial Market Attitudes and Awareness: An Exploratory Study
Ford, M. W., & Kent, D. W. (2009) · Journal of Education for Business · doi:10.1080/08832320903217366 · Cited by 51
Sarracino, D., Presaghi, F., Degni, S., & Innamorati, M. (2010) · Journal of Adolescence · doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2010.05.013 · Cited by 49
Marshall, R., Huan, T.-C. T. C., Xu, Y., & Nam, I. (2010) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2010.09.009 · Cited by 52
An Examination of the Relationship Between Gambling and Antisocial Behavior
Mishra, S., Lalumière, M. L., Morgan, M. K., & Williams, R. J. (2010) · Journal of Gambling Studies · doi:10.1007/s10899-010-9217-x · Cited by 52
The Integration of Women and Minorities into the Auditing Profession since the Civil Rights Period
Madsen, P. E. (2013) · The Accounting Review · doi:10.2308/accr-50540 · Cited by 48
Sources of Parental Knowledge in Mexican American Families
Blocklin, M. K., Crouter, A. C., Updegraff, K. A., & McHale, S. M. (2011) · Family Relations · doi:10.1111/j.1741-3729.2010.00631.x · Cited by 48
Dobres, J., Chahine, N., Reimer, B., Gould, D. A. D., Mehler, B. L., & Coughlin, J. F. (2016) · Ergonomics · doi:10.1080/00140139.2015.1137637 · Cited by 48
Motivational Affordance and Risk-Taking Across Decision Domains
Zou, X., & Scholer, A. A. (2016) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167215626706 · Cited by 47
Evolution and Theories of Entrepreneurship : A Critical Review on t he Kenyan Perspective
Bula, H. O. (2012) · Cited by 48
East, P. L., Delker, E., Lozoff, B., Delva, J., Castillo, M., & Gahagan, S. (2017) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/cdev.12765 · Cited by 54
Anania, E. C., Rice, S. C., Winter, S. R., Milner, M. N., Walters, N. W., & Pierce, M. (2018) · Social Sciences · doi:10.3390/socsci7030034 · Cited by 48
The effect of knowledge and ignorance assessments on perceived risk
Buratti, S., & Allwood, C. M. (2018) · Journal of Risk Research · doi:10.1080/13669877.2018.1459795 · Cited by 48
Kim, J., Ahn, C. R., & Nam, Y. (2019) · Computers Environment and Urban Systems · doi:10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2019.02.003 · Cited by 48
Male and female auditors' overconfidence
Hardies, K., Breesch, D., & Branson, J. (2011) · Managerial Auditing Journal · doi:10.1108/02686901211186126 · Cited by 48
Sex Hormones and Choice under RiskPreprint
Schipper, B. C. (2012) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2046324 · Cited by 48
Financial reporting quality and the effects of CFO gender and board gender diversity
Davis, J. G., & García-Cestona, M. (2021) · Journal of Financial Reporting & Accounting · doi:10.1108/jfra-12-2020-0360 · Cited by 39
Welker, K. M., Goetz, S. M. M., & Carré, J. M. (2015) · Evolution and Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2015.03.006 · Cited by 47
Cycling by Choice or Necessity?: Exploring the Gender Gap in Bicycling in Oregon
Singleton, P. A., & Goddard, T. (2016) · Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board · doi:10.3141/2598-13 · Cited by 47
What Threatens, Defines: Tracing the Symbolic Boundaries of Contemporary Masculinity
Munsch, C. L., & Gruys, K. (2018) · Sex Roles · doi:10.1007/s11199-017-0878-0 · Cited by 55
Gender‐diverse audit partners and audit fee premium: The case of mandatory joint audit
Nekhili, M., Javed, F., & Chtioui, T. (2018) · International Journal of Auditing · doi:10.1111/ijau.12133 · Cited by 47
Pucheta‐Martínez, M. C., Olcina‐Sempere, G., & López‐Zamora, B. (2019) · Sustainable Development · doi:10.1002/sd.1965 · Cited by 47
The Gender Effects of Audit Partners on Audit Outcomes: Evidence of Rule 3211 Adoption
Hao, J., Pham, V. T., & Guo, M. (2021) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-020-04732-w · Cited by 47
Kuwabara, K. (2005) · Social Forces · doi:10.1353/sof.2006.0020 · Cited by 47
Gender differences in multitasking experience and performance
Lui, K. F. H., Yip, K. H., & Wong, A. C. ‐. (2020) · Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology · doi:10.1177/1747021820960707 · Cited by 58
MANdatory - why men need (and are needed for) gender equality progress
van Laar, C., Rossum, A. V., Kosakowska‐Berezecka, N., Bongiorno, R., & Block, K. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1263313 · Cited by 71
Do psychosocial traits help explain gender segregation in young people's occupations?
Antecol, H., & Cobb‐Clark, D. A. (2013) · Labour Economics · doi:10.1016/j.labeco.2012.12.005 · Cited by 46
Sund, B., Svensson, M., & Andersson, H. (2015) · Journal of Risk Research · doi:10.1080/13669877.2015.1042499 · Cited by 46
Clear criteria based on absolute risk: Reforming the basis of guidelines on low‐risk drinking
Room, R., & Rehm, J. T. (2011) · Drug and Alcohol Review · doi:10.1111/j.1465-3362.2011.00398.x · Cited by 46
Waygood, E. O. D., & Avineri, E. (2016) · Transportation Research Part D Transport and Environment · doi:10.1016/j.trd.2016.08.026 · Cited by 47
Age, gender and deterrability: Are younger male drivers more likely to discount the future?
Freeman, J., Kaye, S.-A., Truelove, V., & Davey, J. D. (2017) · Accident Analysis & Prevention · doi:10.1016/j.aap.2017.03.022 · Cited by 48
The gender of opponents: Explaining gender differences in performance and risk-taking?
Jetter, M., & Walker, J. K. (2017) · European Economic Review · doi:10.1016/j.euroecorev.2017.05.006 · Cited by 47
Injunctive safety norms, young worker risk-taking behaviors, and workplace injuries
Pek, S., Turner, N., Tucker, S., Kelloway, E. K., & Morrish, J. (2017) · Accident Analysis & Prevention · doi:10.1016/j.aap.2017.06.007 · Cited by 46
Han, H., & Hyun, S. S. (2017) · Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing · doi:10.1080/10548408.2017.1405865 · Cited by 46
ADHD Is Associated With a Widespread Pattern of Risky Behavior Across Activity Domains
Shoham, R., Sonuga-Barke, E. J. S., Yaniv, I., & Pollak, Y. (2019) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/1087054719875786 · Cited by 52
Turnšek, M., Brumen, B., Rangus, M., Gorenak, M., Mekinc, J., & Štuhec, T. L. (2020) · Academica Turistica · doi:10.26493/2335-4194.13.3-19 · Cited by 46
Carlsson‐Kanyama, A., Juliá, I. R., & Röhr, U. (2010) · Energy Policy · doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2010.03.072 · Cited by 46
Regulatory fit effects of gender and marketing message content
McKay‐Nesbitt, J., Bhatnagar, N., & SMITH, M. C. (2012) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2012.02.004 · Cited by 46
Czopp, A. M. (2010) · Social Psychology of Education · doi:10.1007/s11218-010-9129-8 · Cited by 46
Attraction to Organizational Culture Profiles
Gardner, W. L., Reithel, B. J., Foley, R. T., Cogliser, C. C., & Walumbwa, F. O. (2008) · Management Communication Quarterly · doi:10.1177/0893318908327006 · Cited by 46
Gender Differences in the Contribution Patterns of Equity-Crowdfunding InvestorsPreprint
Mohammadi, A., & Shafi, K. (2015) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2624485 · Cited by 46
Are Female CEOs Really More Risk Averse? Examining Economic Downturn and Other-Orientation
Shropshire, C., Peterson, S. J., Bartels, A. L., Amanatullah, E. T., & Lee, P. M. (2021) · Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies · doi:10.1177/1548051821997404 · Cited by 51
Hussain, Q., Alhajyaseen, W., Adnan, M., Almallah, M. S., Almukdad, A., & Alqaradawi, M. Y. (2021) · Transport Policy · doi:10.1016/j.tranpol.2021.07.001 · Cited by 45
Smith, J. E., Fichtel, C., Holmes, R. K., Kappeler, P. M., van Vugt, M., & Jaeggi, A. V. (2022) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2021.0142 · Cited by 45
Eveningness is Associated with Higher Risk-Taking, Independent of Sex and Personality
Ponzi, D., Wilson, M. C., & Maestripieri, D. (2014) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.2466/19.12.pr0.115c28z5 · Cited by 48
Characteristics of Sexual Behavior in Spanish Adolescents
Teva, I., Bermúdez, M. P., & Buela‐Casal, G. (2009) · The Spanish Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1017/s1138741600001852 · Cited by 44
Raude, J., Chinfatt, K., Huang, P., Betansedi, C.-O., Katumba, K. R., Vernazza-Licht, N., & Bley, D. (2012) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2012-002094 · Cited by 51
Turel, O., & Bechara, A. (2016) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2016.12.005 · Cited by 45
Kim, S., & Kim, S. H. (2017) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su9122188 · Cited by 45
Li, G., Kamel, M., Jin, Y., Xu, M. K., Mbuagbaw, L. C. E., Samaan, Z., Levine, M., & Thabane, L. (2018) · Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare · doi:10.2147/jmdh.s151745 · Cited by 48
Influencing Photo Sharing Decisions on Social Media: A Case of Paradoxical Findings
Amon, M. J., Hasan, R., Hugenberg, K., Bertenthal, B. I., & Kapadia, A. C. (2020) · IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P) · doi:10.1109/sp40000.2020.00006 · Cited by 48
Time series analysis method for assessing engineering design processes using a CAD tool
Xie, C., Zhang, Z., Nourian, S., Pallant, A., & Hazzard, E. (2014) · Cited by 45
Karl, J. A., Fischer, R. D., Druică, E., Musso, F., & Stan, A. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.627575 · Cited by 63
Casey, B. M., & Ganley, C. M. (2021) · Developmental Review · doi:10.1016/j.dr.2021.100963 · Cited by 65
Gender, trust and cooperation in environmental social dilemmas
Irwin, K., Edwards, K., & Tamburello, J. A. (2014) · Social Science Research · doi:10.1016/j.ssresearch.2014.09.002 · Cited by 47
How do female CEOs affect corporate environmental policies?
Zhang, Y., Guo, Y., & Nurdazym, A. (2022) · Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management · doi:10.1002/csr.2366 · Cited by 47
Areneke, G., Adegbite, E. A., Tunyi, A. A., & Hussain, T. (2023) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.114028 · Cited by 44
A Comparison of Statistics for Assessing Model Invariance in Latent Class Analysis
Finch, H. (2015) · Open Journal of Statistics · doi:10.4236/ojs.2015.53022 · Cited by 49
Chiao, C., Yi, C.-C., & Ksobiech, K. (2013) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2013.09.006 · Cited by 44
The neural correlates of risk propensity in males and females using resting-state fMRI
Zhou, Y., Li, S., Dunn, J. C., Li, H., Qin, W., Zhu, M., Rao, L., Song, M., Yu, C., & Jiang, T. (2014) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00002 · Cited by 44
The relationship between anxiety and risk taking is moderated by ambiguity
Smith, A. R., Ebert, E., & Broman‐Fulks, J. J. (2016) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2016.02.018 · Cited by 45
An evolutionary domain-specific risk scale.
Wilke, A., Sherman, A. K., Curdt, B., Mondal, S., Fitzgerald, C. J., & Kruger, D. J. (2014) · Evolutionary Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1037/ebs0000011 · Cited by 44
Brañas‐Garza, P., Galizzi, M. M., & Nieboer, J. (2018) · International Economic Review · doi:10.1111/iere.12299 · Cited by 51
How do consumers respond to fun wine labels?
Lunardo, R., & Rickard, B. J. (2019) · British Food Journal · doi:10.1108/bfj-04-2019-0286 · Cited by 44
Boardroom gender diversity and dividend payout strategies: Effects of mergers deals
Trinh, V. Q., Cao, N. D., Dinh, L. H., & Nguyen, N. H. (2020) · International Journal of Finance & Economics · doi:10.1002/ijfe.2106 · Cited by 44
Nekhili, M., Bennouri, M., & Nagati, H. (2021) · British Journal of Management · doi:10.1111/1467-8551.12467 · Cited by 44
Integrating rich user feedback into intelligent user interfaces
Stumpf, S., Sullivan, E., Fitzhenry, E., Oberst, I., Wong, W., & Burnett, M. (2008) · ACM International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces (IUI) · doi:10.1145/1378773.1378781 · Cited by 47
Making Sense of Stress: An Evolutionary—Developmental Framework
Giudice, M. D., Ellis, B. J., & Shirtcliff, E. A. (2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-5605-6_2 · Cited by 44
The malleability of sex differences in response to changing social roles.
Eagly, A. H., & Diekman, A. B. (2003) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/10566-008 · Cited by 44
Currivan, D. B. (2004) · Public Opinion Quarterly · doi:10.1093/poq/nfh039 · Cited by 44
Risk Attitude and Market Behavior: Evidence from Experimental Asset MarketsPreprint
Fellner-Röhling, G., & Maciejovsky, B. (2003) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.390105 · Cited by 47
Gender Differences in Personality and Social Behavior
Giudice, M. D. (2015) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-097086-8.25100-3 · Cited by 55
Designing feedback to mitigate teen distracted driving: a social norms approach
Merrikhpour, M., & Donmez, B. (2017) · Accident Analysis & Prevention · doi:10.1016/j.aap.2017.04.016 · Cited by 43
Seeking Information About a Risky Medicine: Effects of Risk‐Taking Tendency and Accountability
Lion, R., & Meertens, R. M. (2001) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.2001.tb01413.x · Cited by 44
Conservatism predicts aversion to consequential Artificial Intelligence
Castelo, N., & Ward, A. F. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0261467 · Cited by 51
Banks and FinTech Acquisitions
Kwon, K. Y., Molyneux, P., Pancotto, L., & Reghezza, A. (2023) · Journal of Financial Services Research · doi:10.1007/s10693-022-00396-x · Cited by 43
A Positive Affective Neuroendocrinology Approach to Reward and Behavioral Dysregulation
Welker, K. M., Gruber, J., & Mehta, P. H. (2015) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00093 · Cited by 47
Mobility, risk tolerance and competence to manage risks
Williams, A. M., & Baláž, V. (2013) · Journal of Risk Research · doi:10.1080/13669877.2013.841729 · Cited by 43
The Role of Psychological Capital in Perception of Safety Climate Among Air Traffic Controllers
Bergheim, K., Eid, J., Hystad, S. W., Nielsen, M. B., Mearns, K. J., Larsson, G., & Luthans, B. C. (2013) · Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies · doi:10.1177/1548051813475483 · Cited by 43
The economic psychology of incentives: An international study of top managers
Pepper, A., & Gore, J. (2013) · Journal of World Business · doi:10.1016/j.jwb.2013.07.002 · Cited by 47
Does the Presence of Female Executives Curb Earnings Management? Evidence from Korea
Kim, H. A., Jeong, S. W., Kang, T., & Lee, D. (2017) · Australian Accounting Review · doi:10.1111/auar.12169 · Cited by 43
Metadata
- Authors
- Byrnes, J. P., Miller, D. C., & Schafer, W. D.
- Affiliations
- University of Maryland, College Park (US)
- ORCID
- Byrnes, James P.
- Venue
- Psychological Bulletin
- Published
- 1999-05
- Volume
- 125
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 367-383
- ISSN
- 0033-2909 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1455
- OpenAlex
- W2026217192
- Cited by
- 3,723
- References
- 173
- Citations by year
- 2026: 137 · 2025: 210 · 2024: 227 · 2023: 231 · 2022: 215 · 2021: 287 · 2020: 275 · 2019: 261 · 2018: 216 · 2017: 202 · 2016: 194 · 2015: 169 · 2014: 192 · 2013: 151 · 2012: 126
- FWCI
- 6.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychological Bulletin (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender Roles and Identity Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Keywords
- gender differences, risk-taking, sex differences, age trends, intellectual risk-taking, physical skills, smoking, self-reported behavior, observed behavior
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
