Cited by 1,366Health disparities and outcomesEmployment and Welfare StudiesPublic Health and Social Inequalities

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 464 of the 464 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Understanding the association between socioeconomic status and physical health: Do negative emotions play a role?

Gallo, Linda C., Matthews, Karen A.·2003·Psychological Bulletin

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

In this article, the authors evaluate the possible roles of negative emotions and cognitions in the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and physical health, focusing on the outcomes of cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality. After reviewing the limited direct evidence, the authors examine indirect evidence showing that (a) SES relates to the targeted health outcomes, (b) SES relates to negative emotions and cognitions, and (c) negative emotions and cognitions relate to the targeted health outcomes. The authors present a general framework for understanding the roles of cognitive-emotional factors, suggesting that low-SES environments are stressful and reduce individuals' reserve capacity to manage stress, thereby increasing vulnerability to negative emotions and cognitions. The article concludes with suggestions for future research to better evaluate the proposed model.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1037/0033-2909.129.1.10

Cites

464 of 464 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Williams, J. B. W., & First, M. B. (2013) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.104 · Cited by 109,845
The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations
Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173 · Cited by 91,532
The CES-D Scale: A Self-Report Depression Scale for Research in the General Population
Radloff, L. S. (1977) · Applied Psychological Measurement · doi:10.1177/014662167700100306 · Cited by 53,267
Conservation of resources: A new attempt at conceptualizing stress
Hobfoll, S. E. (1989) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.44.3.513 · Cited by 18,187
Stress, social support, and the buffering hypothesis
Cohen, S., & Wills, T. A. (1985) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.98.2.310 · Cited by 18,093
Emotion And Adaptation
Lazarus, R. S. (1991) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780195069945.001.0001 · Cited by 12,691
Lifetime and 12-Month Prevalence of DSM-III-R Psychiatric Disorders in the United States: Results From the National Comorbidity Survey
Kessler, R. C. (1994) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1994.03950010008002 · Cited by 12,370
Positive psychology: An introduction.
Seligman, M. E. P., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2000) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.55.1.5 · Cited by 11,351
Human agency in social cognitive theory.
Bandura, A. (1989) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.44.9.1175 · Cited by 8,263
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3rd ed
Cooper, A. M., & Michels, R. (1981) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.138.1.128 · Cited by 7,419

Show all 459 references

Research works printed but not linked: 27

Adler, 1999, Socioeconomic status and health in industrialized nations., Vol. 896
2000, Heart and stroke statistical update.
1980, Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders
Amsterdam, 1990, Emotions, cardiac arrhythmias, and sudden death., 251
10.1001/jama.264.12.1541 · DOI · Paper page
Blazer, 1991, Generalized anxiety disorder., 180
10.1037/0022-3514.69.5.890 · DOI
Brown, 1965, Social psychology.
2000, Current population survey: Civilian employment-population ratio (Series LFS1601702).
Clore, 1994, Why emotions require cognition., 181
10.1037/0278-6133.14.5.388 · DOI
Gary, 1995, African American men's perceptions of racial discrimination., Social Work Research, 19, 207
10.1037/0021-843X.100.4.555 · DOI · Paper page
10.1037/0021-843X.100.1.31 · DOI
10.1037/0022-3514.74.3.763 · DOI · Paper page
10.1037/0021-843X.90.3.213 · DOI
10.1001/archinte.157.7.769 · DOI
Siegler, 1994, Hostility and risk: Demographic and lifestyle variables., 199
Smith, 2001, Personality traits as risk factors for physical illness., 139
Smith, 2001, Mental activation of supportive ties reduces blood pressure reactivity to stress, Psychosomatic Medicine, 63, 114
10.1037/0022-3514.58.4.699 · DOI
Troutt, 1993, The thin red line: How the poor still pay more.
1996, Current population reports (Series P-60): Income, poverty, and valuation of non-cash benefits: 1993 (Publication No. P-60-188).
10.1037/0033-2909.98.2.219 · DOI · Paper page
Weissman, 1991, Affective disorders., 53
Wilkinson, 1986, Socioeconomic differentials in mortality: Interpreting the data on their size and trends., 1
Zautra, 1997, The independence of affects is context-dependent: An integrative model of the relationship between positive and negative affect.

Sorted by citations

Items 701–800 of 1,000

The Association between Parity and Inflammation among Mexican-American Women of Reproductive Age Varies by Acculturation Level: Results of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999–2006)
Rosenberg, N., Daviglus, M. L., DeVon, H. A., Park, C. G., & Eldeirawi, K. M. (2017) · Women s Health Issues · doi:10.1016/j.whi.2017.03.002 · Cited by 13
Education as an Antidote to Cynicism
Stavrova, O., & Ehlebracht, D. (2017) · Social Psychological and Personality Science · doi:10.1177/1948550617699255 · Cited by 15
A Large Scale Test of the Effect of Social Class on Prosocial BehaviorPreprint
Korndörfer, M., Egloff, B., & Schmukle, S. C. (2015) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2704303 · Cited by 14
Financial hardship and change in emotional well-being before to during COVID-19 pandemic among middle-aged and older Americans: Moderating effects of internal coping resources
Choi, S. L., & Lee, Y. G. (2022) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115572 · Cited by 15
Couples’ communication quality differs by topic.
Weber, D. M., Lavner, J. A., & Beach, S. R. H. (2023) · Journal of Family Psychology · doi:10.1037/fam0001111 · Cited by 14
Ethnic discrimination and self-rated health among Hispanic emerging adults: Examining the moderating effects of self-esteem and resilience
Cano, M. Á., Castro, F. G., Benner, A. D., Molina, K. M., Schwartz, S. J., Higashi, R. T., Lee, M., Vaughan, E. L., Bursac, Z., Cepeda, A., et al. (2023) · International Journal of Intercultural Relations · doi:10.1016/j.ijintrel.2023.101846 · Cited by 12
The income-happiness nexus: uncovering the importance of social comparison processes in subjective wellbeing
Kraft, P., & Kraft, B. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1283601 · Cited by 18
The Relationship between Smartphone Use Motives, Social Capital, Digital Literacy, and Life Satisfaction in Elderly Koreans
Lee, J.-H., & Bae, S. (2023) · Iranian Journal of Public Health · doi:10.18502/ijph.v52i12.14316 · Cited by 12
Financial-related discrimination and socioeconomic inequalities in psychological well-being related measures: a longitudinal study
Bridson, L., Robinson, E., & Putra, I. G. N. E. (2024) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-024-18417-w · Cited by 11
Socioeconomic resources in youth are linked to divergent patterns of network integration/segregation across the brain's transmodal axis
Michael, C., Taxali, A., Angstadt, M., Kardan, O., Weigard, A. S., Molloy, M. F., McCurry, K. L., Hyde, L. W., Heitzeg, M. M., & Sripada, C. (2024) · PNAS Nexus · doi:10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae412 · Cited by 14
Motivating Self and Others
Ford, M. E., & Smith, P. R. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108869164 · Cited by 14
Attachment insecurity moderates emotion responses to mindfulness and loving-kindness meditation in adults raised in low socioeconomic status households.
West, T. N., Don, B. P., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2022) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/emo0001049 · Cited by 15
Stress Perceptions of Working Adult Pakistanis and Americans
Afza, T., Mujtaba, B. G., & Habib, N. (2011) · NSUWorks (Nova Southeastern University) · Cited by 12
Pathways From Socioeconomic Status to Prenatal Smoking
Yang, I. H., Hall, L. A., Ashford, K. B., Paul, S., Polivka, B. J., & Ridner, S. L. (2016) · Nursing Research · doi:10.1097/nnr.0000000000000191 · Cited by 12
Consumer creativity influenced by hope, integral emotions and socio‐economic status
Trujillo, C. A., & Rosa, J. A. (2017) · International Journal of Consumer Studies · doi:10.1111/ijcs.12369 · Cited by 12
Stereotypes and Relative Social Status in Social Comparisons
Swencionis, J. K., & Fiske, S. T. (2019) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190629113.003.0010 · Cited by 11
Late Neurodevelopmental Effects of Early Exposures to Chemical Contaminants: Reducing Uncertainty in Epidemiological Studies
Bellinger, D. C. (2008) · Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology · doi:10.1111/j.1742-7843.2007.00164.x · Cited by 13
Are ongoing cumulative chronic stressors associated with optimism and pessimism in the second half of life?
Palgi, Y. (2013) · Anxiety Stress & Coping · doi:10.1080/10615806.2013.784901 · Cited by 12
The Process of Adapting the Evidence-Based Treatment for Tobacco Dependence for Smokers of Lower Socioeconomic Status
Evans, S. D. (2015) · Journal of Addiction Research & Therapy · doi:10.4172/2155-6105.1000219 · Cited by 12
People with Chronic Pain and Caregivers: Experiencing Loneliness and Coping with It
Rokach, A., Rosenstreich, E., Brill, S., & Aryeh, I. G. (2017) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-017-9571-2 · Cited by 13
Class-based differences in the use of (aggressive) humor: The mediating role of empathic concern
Navarro‐Carrillo, G., Torres‐Marín, J., & Carretero‐Dios, H. (2020) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2020.109868 · Cited by 17
The Effects of Job Strain on Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease
Shirom, A., Armon, G., Berliner, S., Shapira, I., & Melamed, S. (2009) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470682357.ch4 · Cited by 11
Health Disparities: What’s Optimism Got to Do with It?
Adler, N. E. (2007) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2006.12.003 · Cited by 12
A Smartphone-Based Intervention for Anxiety and Depression in Racially and Ethnically Diverse Adults (EASE): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Garey, L., Zvolensky, M. J., Gallagher, M., Vujanovic, A. A., Kendzor, D. E., Stephens, L., Cheney, M., Cole, A. B., Kezbers, K., Matoska, C. T., et al. (2022) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/40713 · Cited by 9
Associations of Cooking Skill with Social Relationships and Social Capital among Older Men and Women in Japan: Results from the JAGES
Tani, Y., Fujiwara, T., & Kondo, K. (2023) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph20054633 · Cited by 11
Impact of aerobic fitness on musculoskeletal sickness absence 5–15 years later: a cohort study of 227 201 male Norwegian employees
Kristensen, P., Corbett, K., Mehlum, I. S., & Bjérkedal, T. (2011) · Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1136/oemed-2011-100144 · Cited by 12
Heißt krank zu sein sich auch krank zu fühlen? Subjektive Gesundheit und ihr Zusammenhang mit anderen Gesundheitsdimensionen
Spuling, S. M., Wurm, S., Wolff, J. K., & Wünsche, J. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-12502-8_10 · Cited by 24
Uncovering the relationships between military community health and affects expressed in social media
Volkova, S., Charles, L., Harrison, J., & Corley, C. D. (2017) · EPJ Data Science · doi:10.1140/epjds/s13688-017-0102-z · Cited by 11
Socioeconomic Status and the Physical and Mental Health of Arab and Chaldean Americans in Michigan
Samari, G., McNall, M. A., Lee, K., Perlstadt, H., & Nawyn, S. J. (2018) · Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health · doi:10.1007/s10903-018-0768-8 · Cited by 11
Inaccuracy versus volatility – Which is the lesser evil in battery electric vehicles?
Nastjuk, I., Werner, J., Marrone, M., & Kolbe, L. M. (2018) · Transportation Research Part F Traffic Psychology and Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.trf.2018.07.016 · Cited by 11
Social Stratification and Risk for Cardiovascular Disease: Examination of Emotional Suppression as a Pathway to Risk
Cundiff, J. M., Jennings, J. R., & Matthews, K. A. (2018) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167218808504 · Cited by 11
The longitudinal association of psychological resources with chronic conditions and the mediating roles of health behaviours and allostatic load
Woo, J., Lehrer, H. M., Whyne, E. Z., & Steinhardt, M. A. (2019) · Psychology and Health · doi:10.1080/08870446.2019.1656205 · Cited by 11
Sensory Disruption in Modern Living and the Emergence of Sensory Inequities.
Hoover, K. C. (2018) · PubMed · Cited by 11
Psychological Resilience, Experimentally Manipulated Social Status, and Dietary Intake among Adolescents
Williamson, V. G., Lee, A. M., Miller, D. R., Huo, T., Maner, J. K., & Cardel, M. I. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13030806 · Cited by 11
Links Between Socioeconomic Status, Daily Depressive Affect, Diurnal Cortisol Patterns, and All-Cause Mortality
Imami, L., Jiang, Y., Murdock, K. W., & Zilioli, S. (2021) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0000000000001004 · Cited by 11
A prospective study on educational level and adaptation to cancer, within one year after the diagnosis, in an older population
Barbareschi, G., Sanderman, R., Tuinstra, J., van Sonderen, E., & Ranchor, A. V. (2007) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.1243 · Cited by 11
Population Trends and Late-Life Disability in Hispanics From the Midwest
de Leon, C. F. M., Eschbach, K., & Markides, K. S. (2011) · Journal of Aging and Health · doi:10.1177/0898264311422100 · Cited by 11
La ruta psicosocial del desplazamiento: una perspectiva de género
Blanco, A., & Macías, M. A. (2014) · Universitas Psychologica · doi:10.11144/javeriana.upsy13-2.rpdu · Cited by 13
Differential Associations Between the Area Deprivation Index and Measures of Physical Health for Older Black Adults
Allan, A., Gamaldo, A. A., Wright, R. S., Aiken‐Morgan, A. T., Lee, A. K., Allaire, J. C., Thorpe, R. J., & Whitfield, K. E. (2022) · The Journals of Gerontology Series B · doi:10.1093/geronb/gbac149 · Cited by 11
Do Despotic Leadership and Workplace Incivility Predict Turnover Intention: A Mediation By Work-Family Conflict?
Mehmood, S., Husin, N. S., & Aziz, A. (2023) · Journal of Intercultural Communication · doi:10.36923/jicc.v23i2.238 · Cited by 10
Bidirectional association between attitudes toward own aging and quality of life in Chinese older adults: A prospective cohort study
Yuan, T., Liang, L., Zheng, C., Li, H., Zhang, J., Kiyum, M., Xu, J., Wang, M., & Mei, S. (2024) · Applied Psychology Health and Well-Being · doi:10.1111/aphw.12585 · Cited by 10
Primary Appraisal is Affective not Cognitive: Exploring a Revised Transactional Model of Stress and Coping
Steffen, P. R., & Anderson, T. (2025) · Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback · doi:10.1007/s10484-025-09699-w · Cited by 10
Physical, cognitive, behavior, and negative emotion in older adults living in China: a national population-based survey
Zhang, Y., Tan, X., Si, G., & Huang, Y. (2019) · Psychology Research and Behavior Management · doi:10.2147/prbm.s217458 · Cited by 10
Culture and Health: Recent Developments and Future Directions1
Miyamoto, Y., & Ryff, C. D. (2021) · Japanese Psychological Research · doi:10.1111/jpr.12378 · Cited by 10
A perceived control‐relationally devaluing experiences model of low socioeconomic status vulnerability to negative relationship outcomes
Petsnik, C., & Vorauer, J. D. (2023) · Journal of Social Issues · doi:10.1111/josi.12576 · Cited by 11
Life Events, Caregiving, and Risk of Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study
Parks, C. G., Pettinger, M. B., Roos, A. J. D., Tindle, H. A., Walitt, B. T., & Howard, B. V. (2023) · Arthritis Care & Research · doi:10.1002/acr.25164 · Cited by 13
Age and Sex Differences in the Associations Among Socioeconomic Status, Affective Reactivity to Daily Stressors, and Physical Health in the MIDUS Study
Jiang, Y., Knauft, K. M., Richardson, C. M. E., Chung, T. A., Wu, B., & Zilioli, S. (2023) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1093/abm/kaad034 · Cited by 10
Leveling the playing field: Enabling community-based organizations to utilize geographic information systems for effective advocacy
Kurban, H., Henry-Nickie, M., Green, R. D., & Phoenix, J. A. (2008) · Journal of the Urban and Regional Information Systems Association · Cited by 10
Mechanisms Linking Socioeconomic Disadvantage and BMI in Smokers
Kendzor, D. E., Businelle, M. S., Cofta-Woerpel, L. M., Reitzel, L. R., Castro, Y., Vidrine, J. I., Mazas, C. A., Cinciripini, P. M., & Wetter, D. W. (2013) · American Journal of Health Behavior · doi:10.5993/ajhb.37.5.2 · Cited by 10
Design of a randomized controlled trial for multiple cancer risk behaviors among Spanish-speaking Mexican-origin smokers
Castro, Y., Basen‐Engquist, K., Fernández, M. E., Strong, L. L., Eakin, E., Resnicow, K., Li, Y., & Wetter, D. W. (2013) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-237 · Cited by 11
Financial Empowerment and Health Related Quality of Life in Family Scholar House Participants
Franz, C. E. (2016) · Journal of Financial Therapy · doi:10.4148/1944-9771.1099 · Cited by 10
Physical Exercise Predicts Social Competence and General Well-Being in Chinese Children 10 to 15 Years Old: a Preliminary Study
Su, J., Wu, Z., & Su, Y. (2018) · Child Indicators Research · doi:10.1007/s12187-017-9523-2 · Cited by 11
Adjustment to Life as a Cancer Survivor
Williamson, T. J., & Stanton, A. L. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-77432-9_3 · Cited by 12
Timing of puberty and reserve capacity in adolescence as pathways to educational level in adulthood—a longitudinal study
Acacio-Claro, P. J., Koivusilta, L. K., Doku, D. T., & Rimpelä, A. (2019) · Annals of Human Biology · doi:10.1080/03014460.2019.1596311 · Cited by 10
Addressing Health Disparities in America: Analysis of Community Health Improvement Plans
Inderstrodt, J. M., Perrault, E. K., Hintz, E. A., & Hildenbrand, G. M. (2019) · Nursing Research · doi:10.1097/nnr.0000000000000364 · Cited by 10
Optimism may moderate screening mammogram frequency in Medicare
Progovac, A. M., Pettinger, M. B., Donohue, J. M., Chang, C. H., Matthews, K. A., Habermann, E. B., Kuller, L. H., Rosal, M. C., Li, W., García, L., et al. (2019) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000015869 · Cited by 10
Romantic relationship distress, gender, socioeconomic status, and inflammation: A preregistered report
Jaremka, L. M., Kane, H. S., Sunami, N., Lebed, O., & Austin, K. A. (2020) · Personal Relationships · doi:10.1111/pere.12338 · Cited by 10
Socioeconomic status and medication adherence among youth with asthma: the mediating role of frequency of children’s daily routines
Harvey, M. W., Slatcher, R. B., Husain, S. A., Imami, L., & Zilioli, S. (2021) · Psychology and Health · doi:10.1080/08870446.2020.1869739 · Cited by 10
Childhood experience of parental affection and financial well‐being in later life: Evidence from the Health and Retirement Study
Pak, T., & Fan, L. (2022) · Journal of Consumer Affairs · doi:10.1111/joca.12463 · Cited by 10
Consumer (dis)engagement coping profiles using online services in managing health‐related stressors
Keeling, D. I., de Ruyter, K., & Laing, A. W. (2022) · Psychology and Marketing · doi:10.1002/mar.21717 · Cited by 10
A Network Analysis of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients With Heart Disease: The Role of Socioeconomic Status and Sex
van den Houdt, S. C. M., Mommersteeg, P. M. C., Widdershoven, J. W. M. G., & Kupper, N. H. M. (2023) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0000000000001196 · Cited by 12
Mediation and Moderation of the Association Between Cynical Hostility and Systolic Blood Pressure in Low-Income Women
Versey, H. S., & Kaplan, G. A. (2011) · Health Education & Behavior · doi:10.1177/1090198111414884 · Cited by 10
The Psychosocial Vulnerability Model of Hostility as a Predictor of Coronary Heart Disease in Low-income African Americans
Grothe, K. B., Bodenlos, J. S., Whitehead, D., Olivier, J., & Brantley, P. J. (2008) · Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings · doi:10.1007/s10880-008-9112-0 · Cited by 10
When the glass is half full: early life experiences and adult optimism in 22 countries
Chen, Y., Kubzansky, L. D., Kim, E. S., Koga, H. K., Shiba, K., Padgett, R. N., Wilkinson, R., Johnson, B. R., & VanderWeele, T. J. (2025) · npj Mental Health Research · doi:10.1038/s44184-024-00109-3 · Cited by 9
Can you perceive my efforts? The impact of social status on consumers' preferences for complexity
Chen, Z., Yun, H. E., Li, X., & Lin, W. A. N. G. (2022) · Acta Psychologica Sinica · doi:10.3724/sp.j.1041.2022.01106 · Cited by 9
A Text-Based Smoking Cessation Intervention for Sexual and Gender Minority Groups: Protocol for a Feasibility Trial
Tamí‐Maury, I., Klaff, R., Hussin, A., Smith, N. G., Chang, S., McNeill, L. H., Reitzel, L. R., Shete, S. S., & Abroms, L. C. (2022) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/42553 · Cited by 8
Employment and family income in psychological and immune outcomes during bereavement
Paoletti, J., Chen, M. A., Wu‐Chung, E. L., Brown, R. L., LeRoy, A. S., Murdock, K. W., Heijnen, C. J., & Fagundes, C. P. (2023) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106024 · Cited by 9
The mediating role of community identity in the relationship between social class and life satisfaction: Evidence from Chinese community residents
Wang, Y., Hu, X., & Yang, C. (2023) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/13591053231206675 · Cited by 10
Family Emotional Expressiveness and Adolescents’ Cyberbullying Bystanders: The Mediating Role of Empathy
Zhou, H., Li, Q., Liu, Z., Li, K., Geng, X., & Fang, X. (2024) · Psychology Research and Behavior Management · doi:10.2147/prbm.s447605 · Cited by 9
Obesity, obesity health risks, resilience, and acculturation in black African immigrants
Veen, D. F. V. (2015) · International Journal of Migration Health and Social Care · doi:10.1108/ijmhsc-06-2014-0021 · Cited by 11
Sustained home visiting for vulnerable families and children: a review of effective processes and strategies
Moore, T., McDonald, M., & Sanjeevan, S. (2012) · Analysis & Policy Observatory · doi:10.4225/50/5578c7d315e43 · Cited by 12
Race Differences in the Effect of Subjective Social Status on Hostility and Depressive Symptoms Among 9- to 11-Year-Old Children
Castro, I. E., Hruska, B. J., & Gump, B. B. (2020) · Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities · doi:10.1007/s40615-020-00707-9 · Cited by 9
Reviewing and rebalancing the positive skew of emotions in transformational leadership
Chauhan, R. S., Howe, D. C., & Soderberg, A. T. (2021) · Management Research Review · doi:10.1108/mrr-08-2020-0496 · Cited by 10
Neuroticism and problematic online gaming: The mediating role of social anxiety and the moderating role of family socioeconomic status
Chu, X., Wang, Q., Huang, W., Wang, Y., Yu, J., Yang, Z., Chen, T., & Lei, L. (2022) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-021-02588-5 · Cited by 8
An Integrative Model of Human Brain, Cognitive, and Behavioral Evolution
Geary, D. C. (2007) · Cited by 9
Perceived Discrimination and Cardiometabolic Risk Among US Hispanics/Latinos in the HCHS/SOL Sociocultural Ancillary Study
Fox, R. S., Carnethon, M. R., Gallo, L. C., Wiley, J. F., Isasi, C. R., Daviglus, M. L., Cai, J., Thomas, S., Giachello, A. L. M., González, P., et al. (2019) · International Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12529-019-09782-7 · Cited by 9
Socioeconomic disparities in psychological health: Testing the Reserve Capacity Model in a population-based sample of Chinese migrants
You, J., Zhu, Y., Liu, S., Wang, C., Wang, P.-G., & Du, H. (2019) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/1359105319882763 · Cited by 10
Sport, Stress und Gesundheit
Gerber, M. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-56802-6_25 · Cited by 9
Self-stigma, Stress, and Smoking among African American and American Indian Female Smokers: An Exploratory Qualitative Study
Burgess, D. J., Widome, R., van Ryn, M., Phelan, S. M., & Fu, S. S. (2012) · Digital Scholarship - UNLV (University of Nevada Reno) · Cited by 9
Commentary: Personality and the socioeconomic–health gradient
Poulton, R., & Caspi, A. (2003) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyg236 · Cited by 9
Exploring the Relationships between Pre-Service Preparation and Student Teachers’ Social-Emotional Competence in Teacher Education: Evidence from China
Wu, S., Zhu, X., Tian, G., & Xiao-wei, K. (2023) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su15032172 · Cited by 8
Involuntary delayed retirement and mental health of older adults
Raihan, M. M. H., Chowdhury, N. A., Chowdhury, M., & Turin, T. C. (2023) · Aging & Mental Health · doi:10.1080/13607863.2023.2230927 · Cited by 8
The role of lifestyle factors in the association between education and self-reported fibromyalgia: a mediation analysis
Benebo, F. O., Lukic, M., Jakobsen, M. D., & Braaten, T. (2024) · BMC Women s Health · doi:10.1186/s12905-024-03060-9 · Cited by 8
From starvation to depression: unveiling the link between the great famine and late-life depression
Guo, L., Sang, B., Li, S., Xia, Z., Li, M., Yang, M., Yin, W., & Liu, Y. (2024) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-024-20604-8 · Cited by 8
Adolescent loneliness and later-life depressive symptoms: The intersecting roles of gender and socioeconomic status
Kwon, K. Y., Nam, N., & Kim, J. (2025) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118588 · Cited by 8
Study of Barrier to Help Seeking and its Relationships with Disability in Patients with Headache
John, D. (2016) · JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH · doi:10.7860/jcdr/2016/22624.8621 · Cited by 8
The relationship between duration of subjective poverty and health among Chinese adults: Evidence from the China Family Panel Study
Cao, D., Zhou, Z., Ren, Y., Deng, Q., Zhai, X., Liu, G., Zhao, D., Zhao, Y., & Shen, C. (2022) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.939569 · Cited by 8
Legacies of loss: The health outcomes of slaveholder compensation in the British Cape Colony
Martins, I., Cilliers, J., & Fourie, J. (2022) · Explorations in Economic History · doi:10.1016/j.eeh.2022.101506 · Cited by 9
Educational attainment and adult health
Montez, J. K., & Brooks, J. D. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-815970-5.00006-1 · Cited by 9
“IT IS JUST TOO FUN TO EXPLAIN”: A QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE RECESS PROJECT IN SEVEN LOWER-SOCIOECONOMIC ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS
McNamara, L., & Walker, M. (2018) · The Canadian Journal of Action Research · doi:10.33524/cjar.v19i2.385 · Cited by 9
What Predicts Visibility Management at Work? A Study of Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual Flemish Government Employees
Dewaele, A., Houtte, M. V., Buysse, A., Lyubayeva, A., Trippas, M., & Baeken, A.-S. (2019) · Psychologica Belgica · doi:10.5334/pb.443 · Cited by 10
Wealth, Happiness and Happiness Inequality in China
Wang, H., Cheng, Z., & Smyth, R. (2019) · Social indicators research series · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-05535-6_20 · Cited by 8
Mental Health of Hmong Americans: A Metasynthesis of Academic Journal Article Findings
Lee, S. E. (2013) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · Cited by 8
Examining Optimism, Psychosocial Risks, and Cardiovascular Health Using Life's Simple 7 Metrics in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and the Jackson Heart Study
Park, J. W., Dulin, A., Needham, B. L., Sims, M., Loucks, E. B., Fava, J. L., Dionne, L. A., Scarpaci, M. M., Eaton, C. B., & Howe, C. J. (2021) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2021.788194 · Cited by 9
Socioeconomic Strain, Bullying Perpetration, and Negative Emotions: A Re-specification of GST
Strohacker, E. R., Watts, S. J., & Wright, L. E. (2022) · Crime & Delinquency · doi:10.1177/00111287221093326 · Cited by 8
A moderated mediation mechanism underlying the impact of website telepresence on purchase intention — Evidence from Chinese female college student customers
Zhu, G., Jiang, S., & Li, K. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.902414 · Cited by 8
Examining relationships between perceived neighborhood social cohesion and ideal cardiovascular health and whether psychosocial stressors modify observed relationships among JHS, MESA, and MASALA participants
Dulin, A., Park, J. W., Scarpaci, M. M., Dionne, L. A., Sims, M., Needham, B. L., Fava, J. L., Eaton, C. B., Kanaya, A. M., Kandula, N. R., et al. (2022) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-022-14270-x · Cited by 8
Lifespan psychosocial stressors, optimism, and hemodynamic acute stress response in a national sample.
Lee, L. O., Chen, R., Mendes, W. B., & Kubzansky, L. D. (2023) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/hea0001276 · Cited by 9
Does work stress & workplace incivility influence Employee Turnover Intentions? Mediating Role of Work-family Conflict
Mehmood, S., Aziz, A., & Husin, N. S. (2023) · Innovation journal of social sciences and economic review. · doi:10.36923/ijsser.v5i2.177 · Cited by 23
Prevention of Depression in Latinos
Pérez, J. E., & Muñoz, R. F. (2008) · Issues in children's and families' lives · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-78512-7_6 · Cited by 8

Authors: Gallo, L. C., & Matthews, K. A.
Affiliations: San Diego State University (US)
University of Pittsburgh (US)
ORCID: Gallo, Linda C.
Matthews, Karen A.
Venue: Psychological Bulletin
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 2003
Volume: 129
Issue: 1
Pages: 10-51
ISSN: 0033-2909 (ISSN-L)
1939-1455
DOI: 10.1037/0033-2909.129.1.10
OpenAlex: W1982733207
Cited by: 1,366
References: 459
Citations by year: 2026: 29 · 2025: 70 · 2024: 60 · 2023: 72 · 2022: 67 · 2021: 78 · 2020: 75 · 2019: 62 · 2018: 77 · 2017: 80 · 2016: 72 · 2015: 70 · 2014: 68 · 2013: 54 · 2012: 79
FWCI: 33.74
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Psychological Bulletin (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL65111, HL 25767, HL65112, R01HL025767, P50HL065112, #HL07560, P50HL065111)
Topics: Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Employment and Welfare Studies
Social Sciences › Health › Public Health and Social Inequalities
Keywords: socioeconomic status, physical health, negative emotions, cognitive factors, cardiovascular disease, all-cause mortality, stress, stress buffering, health disparities
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Mental Disorders, Emotions, Female, Health Status, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Negativism, Social Class

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Understanding the association between socioeconomic status and physical health: Do negative emotions play a role?

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks