Cited by 1,366Health disparities and outcomesEmployment and Welfare StudiesPublic Health and Social Inequalities

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Understanding the association between socioeconomic status and physical health: Do negative emotions play a role?

Gallo, Linda C., Matthews, Karen A.·2003·Psychological Bulletin

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Abstract

In this article, the authors evaluate the possible roles of negative emotions and cognitions in the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and physical health, focusing on the outcomes of cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality. After reviewing the limited direct evidence, the authors examine indirect evidence showing that (a) SES relates to the targeted health outcomes, (b) SES relates to negative emotions and cognitions, and (c) negative emotions and cognitions relate to the targeted health outcomes. The authors present a general framework for understanding the roles of cognitive-emotional factors, suggesting that low-SES environments are stressful and reduce individuals' reserve capacity to manage stress, thereby increasing vulnerability to negative emotions and cognitions. The article concludes with suggestions for future research to better evaluate the proposed model.

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Authors: Gallo, L. C., & Matthews, K. A.
Affiliations: San Diego State University (US)
University of Pittsburgh (US)
ORCID: Gallo, Linda C.
Matthews, Karen A.
Venue: Psychological Bulletin
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 2003
Volume: 129
Issue: 1
Pages: 10-51
ISSN: 0033-2909 (ISSN-L)
1939-1455
DOI: 10.1037/0033-2909.129.1.10
OpenAlex: W1982733207
Cited by: 1,366
References: 459
Citations by year: 2026: 29 · 2025: 70 · 2024: 60 · 2023: 72 · 2022: 67 · 2021: 78 · 2020: 75 · 2019: 62 · 2018: 77 · 2017: 80 · 2016: 72 · 2015: 70 · 2014: 68 · 2013: 54 · 2012: 79
FWCI: 33.74
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Psychological Bulletin (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL65111, HL 25767, HL65112, R01HL025767, P50HL065112, #HL07560, P50HL065111)
Topics: Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Employment and Welfare Studies
Social Sciences › Health › Public Health and Social Inequalities
Keywords: socioeconomic status, physical health, negative emotions, cognitive factors, cardiovascular disease, all-cause mortality, stress, stress buffering, health disparities
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Mental Disorders, Emotions, Female, Health Status, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Negativism, Social Class

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Understanding the association between socioeconomic status and physical health: Do negative emotions play a role?

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